Question

【题目】【改编】Can you believe everything that you read? It seems as if every day, some new articles come out about a new discovery about this or that. For example, water is bad for you, or good for you. The answer depends on which scientific study has just come out. People cannot decide which food items are healthy, how pyramids were constructed, and why dinosaurs disappeared. When we look for answers we sometimes can believe persuasive researches and scientists. But how trustworthy are they really? Here are two examples of scientific hoaxes.

As far back as 1726, Johann Beringer was fooled by his fellow scientists into thinking he had made an amazing discovery. The fossils of spiders, lizards, and even birds with the name of God written on them in Hebrew were unlike anything that had been found before. He wrote several papers on them and was famous for those only to have it revealed that they were planted by jealous colleagues to ruin his reputation.

When an early human being was discovered in 1912, scientists at this time were wild with excitement over the meaning it had for the theory of evolution. There were hundreds of papers about this Piltdown man over the next fifty years until it was finally discovered to be a complex hoax. The skull (头骨) of a man had been mixed with the jawbone of an orangutan (猩猩) to make the ape (猿) man.

The next time you read the exciting new findings of a study of the best scientist, do not automatically assume that it is true. Even qualified people can get it wrong. While we certainly should not ignore scientific research, we do need to take it with a grain of salt. Just because it is accepted as the truth today does not mean it will still be trustworthy tomorrow.

【1】What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Everything in the newspaper is doubtful.

B. People are encouraged to suspect everything.

C. Not everything you read is believable.

D. Sometimes scientists may make mistakes.

【2】What does the underlined word “ hoaxes” mean?

A. Truths. B. Tricks. C. Researches. D. Result.

【3】From the second paragraph we can know______.

A. Johann Beringer was envied by his colleagues.

B. Johann Beringer lived in the seventeenth century.

C. Johann Beringer found the Piltdown man.

D. Johann Beringer found he was fooled by others in time.

【4】According to the passage ,the discovery of Piltdown man______.

A. was significant to the theory of evolution.

B. proved orangutan developed from man.

C. didn’t prove false until 50 years later.

D. proved that scientists were very careless.

【5】From the last paragraph we can infer the author thinks_____.

A. scientists are unreliable.

B. everyone can make a mistake.

C. we should ignore scientific research.

D. we should treat scientific research reasonably.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】A

【4】C

【5】D

【解析】

试题分析: 每天报纸上都会出现一些关于科学新发现的文章，那么这些文章的可信度究竟是多少呢？在文中作者通过几个例子向读者说明：新发现有时候只是一种骗局，或者是一种假象，所以我们对待任何事情都要持有一种怀疑的态度。

【1】C主旨大意题。文章开头提出问题Can you believe everything that you read?然后列举生活中的例子，最后揭示中心话题But how trustworthy are they really? Here are two examples of scientific hoaxes (骗局).由此推断对于我们每天所读到的东西不可能都是对的，选C。

【2】B词义猜测题。上文提到不是所有的文章都是可信的，然后再下文举例说明，由此判断该词意思是“骗局”，选B。

【3】A细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知Johann Beringer受到同事的嫉妒而被愚弄，选A。

【4】 C细节理解题。根据第三段There were hundreds of papers about this Piltdown man over the next fifty years判断选C。

【5】D 推理判断题。根据文章末段内容可知作者重申了主题，认为看待一些科学研究要适度，不要过于相信，故选D。