Science is a major topic in our culture. Since it touches almost every field of our life, educated people need at least some knowledge with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the scientific subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific ideas is easier to obtain if one knows something about the things that excite and discourage the scientist.
This book is written for the person whose knowledge with science is not complete; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty（发霉的）storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of tricks; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to add to a course in any science, to come with any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader view on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an idea and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. Besides, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies（哲学）that are deep in our culture.
We have tried to present in this book a correct and up-to-date picture of the scientific world and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to include more and more women. This increasing role of women is not just the only event but, rather, part of the trend obvious in all parts of society, as more women enter traditionally male-controlled fields and make influential contributions.
We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our method is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn’t take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a cruel and unpleasant way to earn a living.
1. According to the passage, ‘scientific subculture’ means __________.
A. scientific society B. technical groups
C. complex situation D. knowledge system
2. We need to know something about science because __________.
A. scientists have specific scientific ideas
B. science affects almost every field of our life
C. it is easier to understand general characteristics of science
D. it is not easy to understand the things that excite and discourage scientists
3. The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who __________.
A. are scientists making influential contributions
B. want to have a little understanding of science
C. want to break the male-controlled world
D. have a misunderstanding about science
4. This passage most probably is __________.
A. the review of a book B. the concluding part of a book
C. the information added to a book D. the introduction of a book
5. According to the passage, we can infer that the book probably is __________.
A. interesting B. serious C. realistic D. humorous
科目：高中英语 来源：安 徽 省2010年名校高三一轮复习联考（三）英语试题 题型：阅读理解
Preparing for the Next Job Market
The latest spike in the unemployment rate is being felt across the board ?in 98 percent of metropolitan areas, in high-wage and low-wage jobs, among young and old, women and men, but especially men．
This landscape means that young Americans who are trying to plan their futures righ
t now have some hard choices．Do they go to college and take on debt without hope of getting a job? And what about high school students? Do they have any chance of securing a job without a college degree? Perhaps the education system needs to react to this rapidly moving economic crisis．
In our current economic collapse, the connection between educa
tion and employment could not be more different than it was during the Depression．Education
must now hold center stage, not because of an enemy abroad but because of the global economy．The jobs of the future will demand levels of education, particularly skills in mathematics, technology and science, which exceed those now taught in high school．
A healthy society should strive for full employment．In our times, that goal cannot be realized, or even approximated by creating jobs for the unskilled．The long-term prospect for economic recovery depends on the extent to which we improve our educational system．And this is where America is now at its weakest．[来源:学##
Our high schools produce graduates who do not write well enough, have limited reasoning skills and are unable to use the tools of mathematics．Their command of science is far inferior to that of their counterparts in other nations．And all too many young people drop out．We may still have the best university system, but it benefits only a minority．
We will need more engineers, scientists and service providers, particularly in the health professions, with a quality of education that cannot be obtained in the current system．Radical change, not reform, is called for．
What should be done? First, high school should be cut short and end when students are 16．Second, a new generation of two-year college programs tied to a wide range of specific skills that the economy needs should be created．Third, access to four-year colleges should be expanded, giving more Americans the chance to acquire the deep learning that makes breakthroughs in technology possible．Fourth, we need to recruit more public school teachers and train them better, particularly in physics, chemistry, biology and mathematics, so that our children can be prepared to compete．
【小题1】Nowadays, students graduating from high school____．
| A．write well enough |
| B．have limitless reasoning skills |
| C．can't use the tools of mathematics |
| D．command science as much as their counterparts in other nations |
| A．Students shouldn't study in high school until 16． |
| B．We should create a new generation of two-year college programs tied to a wide range of specific skills the economy needs．[来源:学科网ZXXK] |
| C．We should limit access to four-year colleges． |
| D．We ought to recruit more private school teachers and train them better． |
| A．success | B．failure | C． development | D．booming |
| A．Young Americans planning their futures have difficult choices． |
| B．Education must hold center stage due to the global economy． |
| C．The best university system benefits a majority． |
| D．A health society should struggle for full employment． |
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科目：高中英语 来源：2010-2011安徽马鞍山高一下学期期末考试英语试卷 题型：阅读理解
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：表格中的每个空格只填一
个单词。
Nowadays, science is developing at a high speed. With the development of science, many countries have improved their economy and raised their people’s living standards. Therefore, science is of great benefit to our daily life.
If we look at the things around us, we’ll find how closely our everyday life is related to science. In one case, at home we can turn on the central heating or air conditioner when we feel cold or hot, and we can watch TV or listen to the tape recorder for entertainment, and we can use a gas stove to cook our meals, a
nd we have computers to help us with our work when we are working in the office, and we also have cars, buses, even planes as traffic tools when we go out. All these things are the results of the scientific development. It goes without saying that without science our society cannot make rapid progress and our life cannot be comfortable and convenient.
Now that science is so significant in our daily life, we should try to make as many contributions as possible to the development of science. As college students, we must first of all study hard to gain useful scientific knowledge, and then put what we have learnt into practice. We should make the most of science to serve our society.
| Title | 1. ________ |
| 2. ________ from science | 3. _______ the economy. |
| Raising people’s living 4. _______: ☆ The central heating and air conditioner help us get cooler or 5. _______. ☆ TV and tape recorder provide  us with 6. _______.☆ Computers help us with work. ☆ A gas stove 7. _______our meals. ☆ Different traffic tools help us travel. | |
| Conclusion | Making a 8. _______ to developing sci ence. |
| Applying our 9. _______ in practice. | |
| Making full 10. _______ of science to serve the society. |
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015届浙江省台州市六校高一10月月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Welcome to our school. You can do a lot of things here. Come and join us.
|
Timetable |
|
|
Sunday8:30---11:30 Personal Inventions You can see many inventions by the students; you may also bring your own inventions. |
Monday19:00---21:00 Space and Man Dr. Thomas West If you want to know more about the universe. |
|
Wednesday 19:30---21:00 Modern Medicine Mrs. Lucy Green Would you like to know medical science? |
Friday18:30---21:00 Computer Science Mr. Harry Morison from Harvard University Learn to use Windows XP. |
1.You may have a chance to introduce your inventions on ___.
|
A．Sunday |
B．Monday |
C．Wednesday |
D．Friday |
2.The person who teaches Computer Science is from______.
|
A．Canada |
B．Australia |
C．New Zealand |
D．America |
3.You may learn something about a disease called TB from ___.
|
A．Dr. West |
B．Mr. Morison |
C．Mrs. Green |
D．Mr. Thomas |
4.If you want to learn something about space, you can go to the class from______.
|
A．8:30 to 11:30 on Sunday |
B．19:00 to 21:00 on Monday |
|
C．19:30 to 21:00 on Wednesday |
D．18:30 to 21:00 on Friday |
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013届云南大理州宾川县第四高级中学高二4月月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
As many as one in five US teenagers have some degree of hearing loss, according to researchers. They say the problem is growing.
“Teenagers really don’t pay attention to how much noise they are exposed to(接触),” Josef Shargorodsky of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston told Reuters. “Often people won’t notice it, but even very little hearing loss may influence language development,” said Shargorodsky, one of the researchers.
The study compared surveys from the early 1990s and the mid-2000s. Each included a few thousand teenagers. In the first survey, about 15 percent of teenagers had some degree of hearing loss. Some 15 years later, that number had risen by a third, to nearly 20 percent.
“This certainly is big news,” said Alison Grimes, an ear doctor. “Hearing loss is very common in old people,” Grimes said, but she added that it was worrying to see it happen in the younger age group.
In babies and young children, hearing problems are known to slow language development. The science is less clear for teenagers, but it is easy to imagine how being hard of hearing could influence learning, said Grimes.
The reasons for the rise are still unclear. When researchers asked teenagers about noise exposure – on the job, at school or from activities, for example – the teenagers didn’t report any change. But Shargorodsky said that might not be true. “We know from before that it is difficult to ask this age group about noise exposure – they underestimate it.” Few people would call it noise when they listen to music on their MP3 player, for example. “There is a difference between what we think is loud and what is harmful to the ear,” said Grimes.
Although it’s not clear that the MP3 players cause teenagers’ hearing loss, Grimes said it was still a good idea to turn down the sound and take short breaks from listening.
1.The writer advises teenagers __________.
|
A．to turn the sound down |
|
B．to stop using MP3 players |
|
C．to be clear about the problem |
|
D．to report the change in hearing loss |
2.The underlined sentence “they underestimate it” means __________.
|
A．their love for music prevent them realizing the harm |
|
B．their hearing loss is happening without being noticed |
|
C．they think music can be taken as noise to some degree |
|
D．they think it’s harmful sometimes although it’s not loud |
3.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
|
A．Hearing loss may lead to slow language development. |
|
B．Hearing loss in old people is as common as in young people. |
|
C．Researchers have already found some causes of hearing loss. |
|
D．Teenagers know MP3 is harmful, but they can’t stop listening to it. |
4.What is the best title for the passage?
|
A．A word short and simple |
B．A report by teenagers |
|
C．A message loud and clear |
D．A letter from MP3 users |
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科目：高中英语 来源：安徽省2010年名校高三一轮复习联考（三）英语试题 题型：阅读理解
Preparing for the Next Job Market
The latest spike in the unemployment rate is being felt across the board ?in 98 percent of metropolitan areas, in high-wage and low-wage jobs, among young and old, women and men, but especially men．
This landscape means that young Americans who are trying to plan their futures right now have some hard choices．Do they go to college and take on debt without hope of getting a job? And what about high school students? Do they have any chance of securing a job without a college degree? Perhaps the education system needs to react to this rapidly moving economic crisis．
In our current economic collapse, the connection between education and employment could not be more different than it was during the Depression．Education must now hold center stage, not because of an enemy abroad but because of the global economy．The jobs of the future will demand levels of education, particularly skills in mathematics, technology and science, which exceed those now taught in high school．
A healthy society should strive for full employment．In our times, that goal cannot be realized, or even approximated by creating jobs for the unskilled．The long-term prospect for economic recovery depends on the extent to which we improve our educational system．And this is where America is now at its weakest．[来源:学##
Our high schools produce graduates who do not write well enough, have limited reasoning skills and are unable to use the tools of mathematics．Their command of science is far inferior to that of their counterparts in other nations．And all too many young people drop out．We may still have the best university system, but it benefits only a minority．
We will need more engineers, scientists and service providers, particularly in the health professions, with a quality of education that cannot be obtained in the current system．Radical change, not reform, is called for．
What should be done? First, high school should be cut short and end when students are 16．Second, a new generation of two-year college programs tied to a wide range of specific skills that the economy needs should be created．Third, access to four-year colleges should be expanded, giving more Americans the chance to acquire the deep learning that makes breakthroughs in technology possible．Fourth, we need to recruit more public school teachers and train them better, particularly in physics, chemistry, biology and mathematics, so that our children can be prepared to compete．
1.Nowadays, students graduating from high school____．
A．write well enough
B．have limitless reasoning skills
C．can't use the tools of mathematics
D．command science as much as their counterparts in other nations
2.What should we do to improve the quality of education?
A．Students shouldn't study in high school until 16．
B．We should create a new generation of two-year college programs tied to a wide range of specific skills the economy needs．[来源:ZXXK]
C．We should limit access to four-year colleges．
D．We ought to recruit more private school teachers and train them better．
3.What does the word "collapse" in the third paragraph mean?
A．success B．failure C． development D．booming
4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Young Americans planning their futures have difficult choices．
B．Education must hold center stage due to the global economy．
C．The best university system benefits a majority．
D．A health society should struggle for full employment．
查看答案和解析>>
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