Disposing(处理)of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it.As more and more people choose to live close together in cities,the waste-disposal problem becomes Increasingly difficult.
During the eighteenth century,it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dump site.Residents or trash haulers(垃圾拖运者)would transport household rubbish,rotted wood,and old possessions to the site.Periodically(定期的)some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried.The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by.
Factories,mills,and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of.Those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water.Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem.
Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society.The first problem is space Dumps,which are now called landfills,are most needed in heavily populated areas.Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose.Property is either too expensive or too close to residential(住宅区的) neighborhoods.Long-distance trash hauling has been a common practice but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere,cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost nonexistent.
Awareness(意识) of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers,ground water,land and air is a price people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste,however,continues to grow.
Recycling efforts have become commonplace,and many towns require their people to take part.Even he most efficient recycling programs,however,can hope to deal with only about 50 Percent of a city’s reusable waste.
1.The most suitable title for this passage would be _______.
A.Places for Disposing Waste B.Waste Pollution Dangers
C.Ways of Getting Rid of Waste D.Waste Disposal Problem
2.During the 18th century,people disposed their waste in many ways EXCEPT for _______.
A.burying it B.recycling it
C.burning it D.throwing it into rivers
3.What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?
A.Farm areas accept waste from the city in modern society.
B.There is cheap land to bury waste in modern society.
C.It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modern society.
D.Ways to deal with waste in modern society stay the same.
4.The main purpose of writing this article is to _______.
A.draw people’s attention to waste management
B.warn people of the pollution dangers we are facing
C.call on people to take part in recycling programs
D.tell people a better way to get rid of the waste
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小学教材完全解读系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高考冲刺卷英语试卷一（解析版） 题型：单项填空
Visitors are deeply attracted by the 10，000?square?meter skiing park，________is among the biggest in Asia.
A．that B．it
C．which D．what
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014届江苏省常州市高三第一学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
How do you design a pay plan that motivates people to do their best work? A new study by three Harvard researchers suggests a novel answer: Shortly after you hire new workers, give them a raise.
"Previous research has shown that paying people more than they expect may elicit reciprocity(相互作用) in the form of greater productivity," notes Deepak Malhotra, a Harvard business-administration professor who worked on the study. What he and his colleagues found, however, was that the connection between more pay and extra effort depends on presenting the increase "as a gift—that is, as something you've chosen to do purely as a nice gesture, with no strings attached."
Malhotra and his team studied 267 people hired by oDesk, a global online network of freelancers, to do a one-time data-entry project for four hours. All of the new hires were people in developing countries, for whom hourly wages of $3 and $4 were higher than what they had been making in previous jobs.
The researchers split the group up into three equal parts. One group was told they would earn $3 an hour. A second group was initially hired at $3 an hour but, before they started working, they got a surprise: The budget for the project had expanded unexpectedly, they were told, and they would now be paid $4 an hour. The third group was offered $4 an hour from the start and given no increase.
Even though the second and third groups were eventually paid the same amount, the second group worked harder and produced more—about 20% more—than either of the other two. People in the second group also showed the most stamina, maintaining their focus all the way through the assigned task and performing especially well toward the end of the four hours. Interestingly, the more experienced employees in the high-performing group were the most productive of all, apparently because their previous work experience led them to appreciate the rarity of an unexpected raise.
Contrary to conventional wisdom, Malhotra points out that higher pay, in and of itself, didn't promote productivity: People who made $4 an hour from the beginning worked no harder than those who were hired at $3 and were then paid $3.
To get the most impact from their pay plans, he adds, companies might consider not only what to pay new hires, but when to pay it.
"The key thing is how you present [the reason for an increase]," he says. Doling out extra money could promote productivity most "if you make it clear that the pay raise is something you're choosing to do just because you can. Our theory is that people will reciprocate. If you do something nice, they'll do something nice back."
1.Which of the following is true about the research?
A. None of the participants earned more than $4 an hour in previous jobs.
B. 89 of the participants got a $1 wage raise for their high productivity.
C. It was so important that the budget for it was increased in the process.
D. Stamina shown in it was positively related to the amount of money paid.
2.What does the underlined word “stamina” most probably mean?
A. The quality of being intelligent or clever.
B. The quality of doing something difficult or dangerous.
C. The physical or mental energy needed to do a tiring activity for a long time.
D. A particular method of doing an activity, usually involving practical skills.
3.Why did the second group produce more than the other two groups?
A. Because they thought they were better paid than the other groups.
B. Because they were experienced employees from developing countries.
C. Because an unexpected raise reminded them of their previous work.
D. Because they felt they were nicely treated and tried best to repay it.
4.What can we infer from this passage?
A. No pains, no gains.
B. It matters not what we give but how.
C. Honesty is the best policy.
D. Actions speak louder than words.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014届江苏省常州市高三第一学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
I have been staying up until midnight since Monday, working on my paper. I need to ______ some sleep this weekend.
A. catch up onB. live up toC. get along withD. make sense of
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013-2014学年黑龙江省高三下学期第一次高考模拟英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Christmas, Easter and birthday parties can be difficult times for grandmothers and parents as they rush around trying to arrange the perfect celebration or making everyone as happy as possible! What’s better than a birthday party that makes your grandchild smile throughout or a celebration that impresses relatives and close friends?
That is why Granny Look has supplied in this section, one of the most comprehensive guides to making these special occasions that happen perhaps once a year a real success.
From a selection of Advent calendars to party planning or Christmas-stocking fillers we have all the possibilities covered so that your children and grandchildren will really have a memorable time with attractive gifts and original ideas.
Bring that festive spirit to all those traditional days, and ensure you are always ready for any possibility. Granny Look’s extensive links are bound to make every special occasion an entirely different experience from the year before and allow everyone to feel entertained and content.
CHRISTMAS-STOCKING FILLERS
Look no further! Granny Look helps the family to prepare in time for FATHER CHRISTMAS. Give SANTACLAUS some ideas. He can fill all the children’s Christmas-stockings with goodies! Unique Christmas gifts for children –– stocking fillers.
A Granny Look favorite!
ADVENT CALENDARS
All children love the build-up to CHRISTMAS! What is better than choosing one of Granny Look’s selection of Advent Calendars! Here you will find a list of websites to buy traditional or fun Advent calendars for children at Christmas time.
A Granny Look favorite!
BIRTHDAYS
LOOKING for a SPECIAL BIRTHDAY GIFT? Explore Granny Look’s selection of PRESENTS, PARTYPLANNING, PARTY TOYS and PARTY GAMES for your Children and Grandchildren’s BIRTHDAYS.
Plan and organize the KIDDIE’S PARTIES ahead of time!!
Don’t forget the PERSONALISED INVITATIONS!
CHRISTMAS
LOOK and BOOK now!! Granny Look’s selection of CHRISTMAS GIFTS for children.
Some guides to “What’s on in your area”… for the kids, PANTOS, SHOWS, THEATRES… at Christmas time!
UNIQUE Christmas gifts for Children. Spend QUALITY TIME with your Children’s Children this FESTIVE SEASON (圣诞节期间)!
1.If you want to send some invitations to your daughter’s classmates, where will you search for the information?
A. At Christmas.B. At Birthdays.
C. At Advent Calendars.D. At Christmas–stocking fillers.
2.According to the passage, we can infer _______.
A. you can only get special ideas for Christmas, Easter and birthday parties
B. in Granny Look you can buy many traditional or fun Advent calendars for children at
Christmas time
C. there is no personalized invitation in Granny Look for you to select
D. Granny Look provides a wide range of links for people to prepare for special occasions
3.From the text, we know that “Granny Look” is ______.
A. a website that helps you to prepare for special occasions
B. a company that sells all sorts of products on the Internet
C. a person who guides you to make your yearly celebration a real success
D. a magazine that helps the family to prepare for special occasions
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013-2014学年高考阅读理解全程冲刺训练（7）英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
YOUR mom might cook a bowl of noodles for you on your birthday. But in the US, a mom makes a cupcake for her children on their birthday.
Cupcakes are small, round cakes topped with frosting (糖霜). It has been an American tradition that moms bring cupcakes to the classroom to celebrate their child’s birthday.
But recently some doctors have called for this to be banned. They believe cupcakes contribute to child obesity.
Despite their good intentions, however, some people believe that experts are interfering (妨碍) with American culture. The cupcake is seen as American as apple pie — only prettier.
According to Marion Nestle, a professor of nutrition at New York University, the cupcake is the most democratic (民主的) of desserts. As they are small enough for one person, you don’t have to share your cupcake with anyone — it’s all yours. They are also all the same size, so there can’t be any cries of “she got the bigger piece!”
Each bite can taste different depending on how much icing you have. It is a lesson in self-determination. Some people eat only a little of the frosting every time, others have it all in just one bite.
In recent years, eating a cupcake has become as trendy as having a cup of Starbucks coffee.
Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton jokingly promised on a talk show that if she was elected president, she would give everyone a cupcake on her birthday.
Ruth Reichl, editor-in-chief of Gourmet magazine, explains that the rise of the cupcake is very much about going back to American national identity in food, which is all about comfort. “People want to think about when they and their country were innocent,” she said.
1. According to the passage, it has been an American tradition that ___________.
A. a party for children on their birthday
B. A mom cooks a bowl of noodles for her children on their birthday
C. A mom makes a cupcake for her children on their birthday and brings it to the classroom
D. parents go travelling with their children on their birthday
2. Why do doctors ask people to ban cupcakes on children’s birthday?
A. Because they themselves don’t like cupcakes.
B. Because they think cupcakes are not so delicious.
C. Because they believe cupcakes will cause cries of “She got the bigger piece”.
D. Because they believe cupcakes are one of the causes to make children become fat.
3. Which of the following is Not true according to Marion Nestle?
A. The cupcake is more democratic than any other deserts in the US.
B. The cupcake is too small to share with others.
C. The sizes of cupcakes are the same so it’s equal to everyone.
D. Cupcakes will lead to child obesity so they should be banned.
4.The underlined word “trendy” in paragraph 7 probably means ________.
A. popularB. gentleC. deliciousD. different
5. Why did the writer mention Hillary Clinton and Ruth Reichl?
A. To arouse the readers’ attention.
B. To show that cupcakes are becoming a popular to show kindness and comfort.
C. To make a comparison between them.
D. To give readers a general idea of cupcakes.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013-2014学年高考阅读理解全程冲刺训练（5）英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Blind imitation (模仿)is self-destruction. To those who do not recognize their unique worth. Imitation appears attractive: to those who know their strength. Imitation is unacceptable.
In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes (菜谱) and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own? Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.
In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models. If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.
In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.
Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them. Creative people have an endless resource of ideas. The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.
Syudy your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not server. Then you can say,” I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors” tragedies and tory, and know that they are cheering on.
1. Imitation proves useful when you .
A. know you are unique
B. lose the balance of life
C. begin to learn something new
D. get tired of routine practice
2. To avoid the bad result of imitation, we should________.
A. forget daily fear and pain
B. choose the right example
C. ask others for decisions
D. stay away from stars
3..Acording to the author. The world moves on because of those who are .
A. desperate to intruence others with their knowledge
B. ready to turn their original ideas into reality
C. eager to discover what their ancestors did
D. willing to accept others’ ideas
4. The trouble a creator faces is .
A. the lack of strong motivation
B. the absence of practical ideas
C. how to search for more materials
D. how to use imagination creatively
5. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A. To highlight the importance of creatively.
B. To criticize the characters of role models.
C. To compare imitation with creation.
D. To explain the meaning of success.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013-2014学年高考阅读理解全程冲刺训练（20）英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
One of the worst feelings you have as a professional athlete is the feeling after losing a game to a team that you should have beaten. That happened last night against the lowly Boston Celtics. They had only won 13 games the whole year and were really struggling. We had just come off a very good win against the Orlando Magic on the road and were feeling good about ourselves.
The day did not start out good for us when we learned that T-Mac was going to miss the game with the flu. When you lose your best players (Yao, T-Mac) everyone must play a little harder and do a little bit more on the floor. We inserted Bonzi Wells into the lineup (he was the only one to have a good game for us), in place of T-Mac.
It was a nasty game. We are usually one of the best three point shooting teams in the NBA and we only made 1 of 22 three point shots! I have never seen that happen. Never! Rafer Alston, Luther Head, and me combined to shoot 5 of 33 from the field. Ouch! You aren't going to win too many games like that. Even as poorly as we shot the ball, we STILL had a chance to win the game in the fourth quarter but failed to make the winning plays that you must make to leave the floor victorious.
In the locker room after the game, everybody felt terrible. When we play a bad game, we feel that we let our teammates down. There is a bad feeling in the pit of your stomach when you leave the gym and you just want to go home and not talk to anyone. It is a terrible feeling, but it is a feeling that makes you want to try harder and do better the next time.
I'll talk to you guys later.
Shane
1.What is the passage mainly about?
A. To blame the team for losing the game.
B. To tell the readers about the feeling after losing the game
C. To explain why they played poorly in the game.
D. To blame Yao Ming and T—Mac for being absent from the game.
2. What can the readers learn from the text?
A. The Boston Celtics is one of the top teams in NBA.
B. The Boston Celtics had a big win over the writer’s team.
C. Every one of the team played poorly with no energy.
D. Bonzi Wells starts in the game with T-Mac out.
3. How do you think the writer might describe his performance that night?
A. Tough B. Relaxing C. Terrible D. Efficient
4.The text most probably comes from the writer’s _________ .
A. blog B. telephone message C. note D. interview
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013-2014学年高考第二轮专题复习提分训练专题四形容词和副词英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
(2013·高考辽宁卷)Everything seemed to be going ________for the first two days after I moved to New York.
A．vividly B．generally
C．frequently D．smoothly
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