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  A new book claims to have definitive evidence of a long-suspected technological crime-that Alexander Graham Bell stole ideas for the telephone from a competitor, Elisha Gray.

  In The Telephone Gambit:Chasing Alexander Graham Bell's Secret, journalist Seth Shulman argues that Bell-aided by aggressive lawyers and a corrupt patent examiner-got an improper glance at patent documents Gray had filed, and that Bell was incorrectly credited with filing first.

  Shulman believes the smoking gun is Bell's lab notebook, which was limited by Bell's family until 1976, then digitized and made widely available in 1999.

  The notebook details the false starts Bell met as he and assistant Thomas Watson tried transmitting sound electromagnetically over a wire.Then, after a 12-day gap in 1876-when Bell went to Washington to sort out patent questions about his work-he suddenly began trying another kind of voice transmitter.That method was the one that proved successful.

  As Bell described that new approach, he drew a diagram of a person speaking into a device.Gray's patent documents, which described a similar technique, also featured a very similar diagram.

  Shulman's book describes other elements that have angered researchers' suspicions.For instance, Bell's transmitter design appears hastily(草率地)written in the margin of his patent; Bell was nervous about demonstrating his device with Gray present; Bell resisted testifying(作证)in an 1878 lawsuit solving this question; and Bell, as if ashamed, quickly distanced himself from the telephone patent right bearing his name.

  Perhaps the most instructive lesson comes when Shulman explores why historical memory has favoured Bell but not Gray-nor German inventor Philipp Reis.who beat them both with 1860s telephones that employed a different principle.

  One reason is simply that Bell, not Gray.actually demonstrated a phone that transmitted speech.Gray was focused instead on his era's pressing communications challenge:how to send multiple messages simultaneously(同时地)over the same telegraph wire.As Gray shouted to his lawyers,“I should like to see Bell do that with his instruments.”

(1)

The phrase“the smoking gun”in Paragraph 3 means“________”.

[  ]

A.

the cause of a series of things

B.

something proving what one has done

C.

the conclusion of a complex case

D.

something used to confuse people

(2)

According to Shulman, how did Bell steal the idea for telephone from Gray?

[  ]

A.

He secretly looked at Gray's patent documents.

B.

He watched secretly while Gray was experimenting.

C.

He was told the new technique by Gray's assistant.

D.

He learned the new technique from the patent examiner.

(3)

How many examples are given by Shulman to prove that Bell stole the idea?

[  ]

A.

3.

B.

4.

C.

5.

D.

6.

(4)

History treats Bell as the inventor of telephone because ________.

[  ]

A.

he had written transmitter design in his patent

B.

he founded a telephone company bearing his name

C.

he proved how to send many messages at the same time

D.

he made an actual demonstration of transmitting speech

答案:1.B;2.A;3.C;4.D;
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  Population and Size

  With a population of 610,700, Milwaukee is the 19th largest city in the country and the largest in Wisconsin. The four-country city area ( Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Washington, end Waukesha counties) has a population of 1.5 million. The city of Milwaukee covers needy 96 square miles.

  Location

  Milwaukee is positioned in the center of the Midwest, in the Southeast comer of Wisconsin, settled along a high steep cliff on Lake Michigan's western shore.

  Climate

  Lake Michigan the climate a great deal, cooling the city in the warm months and moderating (缓和) cold temperatures in the winter. This is known as the “lake effect” . Milwaukee has four distinct seasons.

  It is suggested that when participating in night-time summer activities downtown one have a light jacket on hand.

  General References

  Emergency
911
  Police
414/765-2323
  Fire
414/347-2323
  FBI
414/176-4684
  Time
414/844-1414
  Weather
414/936-1212
  Traveler's
Aid 414/747-5245
  Visitor information
800/554-1448

  Transportation

  Milwaukee is only eight miles north of General Mitchell International Airport. The Milwaukee County Transit System provides bus service throughout the downtown area including areas of Greater Milwaukee. There are many taxi and limousine(豪华轿车) services available for your needs. Milwaukee is a regular stop for Amtrak Greyhound Bus lines .

  Local Ordinances(法令)

  Bars are open until 2 a. m. Liquor stores are open seven days a week. Legal drinking age in Winsconsin is 21, state sales tae is 5% . There is an additional 0.6% sales tax charge in Milwaukee County.

1.The passage is part of a(n) ________ according to your idea.

[  ]

A.official visitors' guide

B.newspaper advertiser

C.news reporter

D.poster in the street

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A.414/747-5245.
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A.$ 21.
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  Get the chance to use knowledge in meaningful and effective ways.

  Develop leadership, planning, teamwork, time management, and organizational skills to help you in every aspect of your life.

  Forming lasting relationships with adult mentors(导师).

  Comments from teen teachers

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  “I wish I would have gone through this program when I was in Junior High.I know it would have helped me to really think about the future and to make good decisions.”

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name of a school

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education program

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“Dads Make a Difference”can ________.

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provide teens a chance to be a teacher in Junior High

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fathers and sons

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teens and societies

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The underlined word“them”in the last paragraph refers to ________.

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effects

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actions

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courses about“Dads Make a Difference”

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  Hee-haw!Scores of farmers across the country are opening up to overnight guests.The best have all the appeal of a first-rate inn-plus here a moo, there a moo.

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The underlined sentence in the first paragraph implies that ________.

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A.

you can enjoy the best cuisine(烹调)at the first rate restaurant

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some farm provide country experiences as well as good accommodations

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farm work is hard, but you can enjoy it a lot, playing with the animals

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if you want to hear a cow’s cry, please stay on a best farm

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We can learn from the ads that ________.

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Hull-O Farm was not built for overnight visitors

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Frank and Sherry Hull run a farm out of a storybook

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kids can sit on a gentle cow’s back on Hull-O Farm

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you can’t milk a cow if you get up late on Liberty Hill Farm

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The Browns have a 13-year-old son and 11-year-old daughter.If they stay on Liberty Hill Farm for one night, how much will they pay?

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$175.

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$235.

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What is implied in the last sentence of Paragraph 1?

[  ]

A.

No one can become an expert on spiders and birds.

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So many spiders have crawled up your leg

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There are far more than 1.8 million living species.

D.

Scientists have named a lot of living species

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Which of the following statements is TRUE?

[  ]

A.

You can find information of all living species online in 2017.

B.

Nonscientists will be able to add their own notes to the website.

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The kids preparing school reports can not have access to the informat’0 n’

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You are not free to choose the amount of detailed information.

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What does the underlined word“novice”probably mean in Paragraph 5?

[  ]

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Beginner.

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Specialist.

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Pupil.

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Students.

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Researchers.

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Bird watchers or Gardeners.

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People in general

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What is the best title for the passage?

[  ]

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Exploring Polar Bears

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Visit Our Website Now

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E-book of Life.

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阅读理解

  While looking through the various job sites on the Internet, I found the following list of the highest paying jobs in the US.It's interesting to see how the different types of jobs in the tech industry compare to other industries.

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(1)

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A.

Teachers.

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Housewives.

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Retired people

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Mr Smith didn't finish his studies in high school and is an experienced worker.If he wants to get a high paying job, he should try to become a(n)________.

[  ]

A.

computer software engineer

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textbook

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advertisement

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Qualifications for highest paying jobs.

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Highest paying jobs in the US.

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Advice on finding a highest pay job.

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A comparison between the pay of different jobs.

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