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4.Americans are more socially isolated (孤立) than they were 20years ago,separated by work,commuting and the single life,researchers reported.Nearly a quarter of people surveyed said they had"zero"close friends with whom to discuss personal matters,while more than 50percent named two or fewer  confidants,most often immediate family members.'This is a big social change,and it indicates something that's not good for our society,"said Duke University Professor Lynn Smith Lovin,lead author on the study.Smith Lovin's group used data from a national survey of 1,500American adults that has been ongoing since 1972.She said it indicated people had a surprising drop in the number of close friends since 1985.At that time,Americans most commonly said they had three close friends whom they had known for a long time,saw often,and with whom they shared a number of interests.They were almost as likely to name four or five friends,and the relationships often developed from their neighborhoods or communities.Ties to a close network of friends create a social safety net that is good for society,and for the individual.Research has linked social support and civil participation to a longer life.Smith Lovin said.People were not asked why they had fewer close ties,but Smith Levin said that part of the cause could be that Americans are working more,marrying later,having fewer children,and commuting longer distances.It's one thing to know someone and exchange e-mails with them.It's another thing to say,"Will you give me a ride out of town with all of my possessions and pets?And can I stay with you for a couple or three months?"Smith Lovin said.

67.What's the main idea of the passage?C
A.Americans have more close friends than ever.
B.Close friends are very important in Americans'life.
C.Americans'circle of close friends is becoming smaller.
D.Americans love making friends with their neighbors.
68.The underlined word"confidants"can be replaced most probably byB_.
A.familiar people     B.close friends
C.personal matters    D.family members
69.According to Professor Llynn Smith Lovin,D.
A.50per cent of Americans have no close friends
B.Americans develop friendship from communities
C.Americans used to exchange emails with friends
D.a social safety net is good for the individual
70.What's the researchers'attitude towards Americans'present situation in this passage?C
A.Happy.       B.Excited.      C.Worried.     D.Surprised.

分析 本文是一篇论述美国人社交孤立的议论文.通过研究发现,与20年前相比,现在的美国人拥有的亲密朋友数量更少,范围更窄,仅限于直系亲属.文章分析造成这种现象的原因,以及引发的结果,论述了这种社交孤立还会不利于社会的稳定,同时还提出解决这一问题的建议.即哈佛教授Robert Putnam提出可以通过安排灵活的工作日程表来改善社交孤立的情况.

解答 CBDC
67C主旨大议题.根据"Americans are more socially isolated than they were 20 years ago,and nearly a quarter of people said they had"zero"close friends with whom to discuss personal matters."以及以后的论述都是围绕社交孤立这一话题.可知美国亲密朋友的数量更少了,故答案为C.
68B猜测词义题.根据第Nearly a quarter of people surveyed said they had"zero"close friends with whom to discuss personal matters,可知有接近四分之一的被调查人说他们没有亲密朋友可以聊个人问题,接着又对比50%的人的观点,故选B.
69D细节理解题.根据Ties to a close network of friends create a social safety net that is good for society,and for the individual.可知朋友用网络进行联系对于社会和个人安全是有好处的故选D,A不符合文意,文中说美国人的关系是在社区中形成的而不是友谊,因此B是错的,美国人现在交换邮件,而不是过去,因此C是错的.
70C细节理解题.根据文章but Smith Levin said that part of the cause could be that Americans are working more,marrying later,having fewer children,and commuting longer distances.可知现在美国人社交越来越孤立,导致研究者对这种状况非常着急,故选C.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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