Question

【题目】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Woodblock painting（木版画）are often hung at homes during the Chinese Lunar New Year.

For many Chinese, the bright-colored paintings are quite time-limited. As soon as the festival comes to an end, these print works are at once thrown away. 【1】, these short-lives New Year paintings require a year of hard work by the artists, many of 【2】 have devoted their entire life to this traditional folk art.

Yang Luoshu, a 92-year-old man from Weifang City, Shandong Province, is 【3】 those who have had a great love of the art. Yang has worked as 【4】 craftsman for 77 years, and has kept improving his carving skills with every piece of work.

Yangjiabu New Year woodblock paintings, which Yang has fallen in love with, 【5】(appear) in the Ming Dynasty. As a national cultural heritage, it is now one of China’s three 【6】(representative) of traditional folk paintings for the New Year, together with Tianjin’s Yangliuqing and Suzhou’s Taohuawu.

【7】(run) a centuries-old folk art family workshop named Tongshunde, Yang has carved all kinds of images, including flowers, birds, mountains, rivers and traditional Chinese gods. But he realizes that something must be changed 【8】(make) sure handmade New Year paintings live on. “We are now thinking about development, allowing the paintings to be more 【9】(create).” he said. For him, the next thing to do is to find qualified successors to ensure that the skills 【10】(pass) to younger generations.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】However

【2】whom

【3】among

【4】a

【5】appeared

【6】representatives

【7】Running

【8】to make

【9】creative

【10】will be passed/ are passed

【解析】本文是一篇人物传记。本文主要介绍了寒亭杨家埠，它与天津杨柳青、苏州桃花坞齐名，是中国三大木版年画产地之一，并以浓厚、淳朴的乡土气息和别具特色的制作工艺而驰名中外，是中国民间艺术宝库中的一朵奇葩。在这里，有一位被誉为“潍坊杨家埠木版年画活化石”的人物，他叫杨洛书。

【1】考查连词。句意：然而，那些短寿命的新年画要求一个手工艺人一年的艰苦工作。表示“然而”，所以填However。

【2】考查非限制性定语从句。many of ____2____ have devoted their entire life to this traditional folk art.作定语，修饰the artists，且有逗号和主句隔开，所以many of ____2____ have devoted their entire life to this traditional folk art.是一个非限制性定语从句，介词 + 关系代词引导的定语从句，指人，只能用whom，所以填whom。

【3】考查介词。句意：杨洛书，一位来自潍坊的92岁老人，就是那些热爱艺术的人之一。表示“在…之中”，所以填among。

【4】考查冠词。句意：杨洛书作为一名手艺人，工作了七十七年。泛指“一名手艺人”，且craftsman的首字母发音是辅音，所以填不定冠词a。

【5】考查时态。分析句子可知，空格处做谓语动词，表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填appeared。

【6】考查固定结构。one of + 可数名词复数，表示“……中之一”，所以填representatives。

【7】考查非谓语动词。run与其逻辑主语Yang之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词，填Running。

【8】考查不定式。句意：为了确保手工艺新年画得以继续生存，他意识到有些东西必须被改变。表示“为了……”，所以用不定式，填to make。

【9】考查形容词。be动词后用形容词作表语，所以填creative。

【10】考查时态和语态。本句既可用现在时也可用将来时，用现在时表示一种客观的事实，用将来时表示将来要发生的事情。且the skills与pass之间是被动关系，用被动语态，综上所述，用一般将来时的被动语态will be passed和一般现在时的被动语态are passed均可。

一、带to的不定式结构

1.我们学过的能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。

2.动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not, 即not to do sth. 例如:

Jim told me not to wake up Kate.吉姆告诉我别叫醒凯特。

二、不带to的不定式结构

以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式：

1.在固定词组had better之后。注意：had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。例如：

You had better go home now.你最好现在回家。

It's cold outside. You'd better not go out.外面很冷，你最好不要出去。

2.在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如:

I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。

I didn't see you come in.我没看见你进来。

3.在引导疑问句的why not之后。

"Why not+不带to的不定式"是Why don't you do…的省略，可以用来提出建议或劝告。例如: Why not go with us？什么不和我们一起去呢? Why not take a holiday? =Why don't you take a holiday? 为什么不休个假呢？

三、动词不定式作主语

动词不定式作主语。例如：

To master a language is not an easy thing.掌握一门语言不是一件容易的事情。

动词不定式作主语时可以放在后面，而用it作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。例如：

It's very kind of you to have given us much help. 你给了我们那么多的帮助真是太好了。

四、动词不定式作定语

不定式作定语，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词的后面。例如：

I have nothing to say on this question.对这个问题我无可奉告。

五、动词不定式作宾语

有的及物动词要求跟复合宾语(即宾语+宾语补足语)。如果其中的宾语是不定式短语，则必须将形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上，而将不定式短语(真正的宾语)放在宾语补足语之前。例如：I find it useful to learn English well.我发现学好英语很有用。

We thought it wrong not to tell her.我们认为不告诉她是错误的。

六、动词不定式作宾语补足语

动词不定式作宾语补足语是动词不定式用法的一个重点，学习时要注意以下三种情况：

1.作动词ask, like, tell等的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to不可以省略。例如：

He asked me to talk about English study.他请我谈谈英语学习。

2.作使役动词let, have, make以及感官动词feel, hear, see, watch等的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to要省略。例如：

The teacher made him say the word like this. 老师让他像这样说这个单词。

3.作动词help的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to可以带，也可以不带。例如：

Could you help me (to) carry the heavy box? 你能帮我搬这个重箱子吗？

七、动词不定式作状语

动词不定式及其短语具有副词的特性，可在句中用作状语。

1.放在句首也可以放在句尾表示目的等。例如：He stopped to have a rest.他停下来休息。

2.跟在作表语的形容词或过去分词的后面。例如：

I'm sorry to hear that.听到这事我感到很难过。

3.用在too... to...结构中。例如：

He is too young to understand all that.他太年轻了，不能理解这件事。