Question

Before a new type of airplane goes into service, every part of it is tested again and again. But there are two tests that are more important than all the others.

The first is called the “tank test”. A modern airplane must fly very high in the sky. Air must be pumped into the plane so that the passengers can breathe. The metal structure (结构) of the plane has to be very strong for this reason. When the plane is filled with air, the air presses against the skin of the plane inside. The pressure (压力) on a small window is like a huge foot that is trying to get out. If a small part of the plane were to fail, the plane would explode in the sky. To test the structure of the plane, the plane is lowered into a huge tank or container of water. Then it is filled with air. The pressure inside the plane is greater than it ever will be when it is high up in the air. Finally, there is an explosion. This does not cause so much damage inside the water tank as it would anywhere else. Engineers can discover which part of the plane has broken. Then that part is made stronger.

The most dangerous test happens when the new plane is going through test flights in the air. The test pilot must find out exactly what happens when the engines (发动机) are all shut off at once. The plane begins to fall like a stone. It is the pilot’s job to find out how he can get control of the plane again. These two tests are examples of how planes are made safe before they ever carry passengers.

By doing the “tank test”, the engineers can find out ___________.

A. the pressure inside and outside the plane               

B. the strength of the plane structure

C. the amount of air in the plane                              

D. the power of the airplane engines

What will happen to the plane under the “tank test”?

A. It will be broken.                                              

B. It will be made stronger.

C. It will be filled with water.                                         

D. It will be tested by pilots.

According to the text, why are test flights most dangerous?

A. The engines may be damaged.               

B. The pilot may lose control of the plane.

C. The plane may explode in the air.           

D. Too much air may get into the plane.

What might be the most suitable title for the text?

A. Two Important Tests on Airplanes                

B. The Danger of Testing Airplanes

C. The Importance of Flying Safely                  

D. How Airplanes Are Made and Tested

Answer 1

【小题1】B

【小题2】A

【小题3】B

【小题4】A

解析:

第一段是总述，介绍说明的对象：对新飞机的最重要的两个测试。下面分成两部分分别说明两种测试。第一种测试介绍了其目的、步骤、结果。第二种是最危险的测试；并介绍危险在哪里。最后一句总结测试的意义。

【小题1】本题考查细节理解：第一种测试的目的。原文的：The metal structure (结构) of the plane has to be very strong for this reason. 后文又提到如果飞机的金属结构承受不了空中的气压就会爆炸，所以B正确。

【小题2】本题同样是考查寻读具体信息的能力：第一种测试下飞机会出现的情况，也就是对文章分析部分中的第一种测试的结果。原文中的Finally, there is an explosion. 和Engineers can discover which part of the plane has broken. Then that part is made stronger.这两句可以判断出A正确。本题B选项的迷惑性很强。其错误的原因是题干问的是在tank test测试下的飞机会怎样，而不是测试之后(after the “tank test”)。

【小题3】本题考查细节理解：第二种测试的危险之处。从最后一段可以看出这种测试中飞机的引擎要被关掉，而飞机驾驶员必须在下落的过程中找到能再次发动飞机的办法，所以B正确。A错，因为文章没提到引擎被损坏；C错在, 飞机在下落时有可能跌落到地上爆炸，但不会在空中爆炸，D则原文根本没有提。

【小题4】　本题考查主旨。从文章的分析可以看出文章要讲的是对飞机进行的两种重要测试。所以A对。B很容易误选，因为的确危险性很大，但这并非文章的中心。C选项指安全飞行的重要性，所以也不对。D选项除了测试还说了飞机的制造所以错.