17.A strange,new dilemma faces Chinese pedestrians:should you help an elderly person who has fallen into the street?The answer seems simple.Your conscience forces you to help someone in danger.But many Chinese are discovering that some of these injured people are scammers.They accuse good Samaritans(好心人) of having knocked them over in the first place,and they file complaints in hopes of receiving large amounts of compensation.
There are frequent reports on such incidents and following disputes.On Sept 8,a new case happened in Huainan,Anhui province.Yuan Chen,a 20-year-old college student from Huainan Normal University,claimed that she helped an injured elderly woman on the street.But the woman's family has demanded that Yuan take full responsibilities for the injuries.
Since the incident happened in the security cameras'blind spot,both sides are looking for witnesses to clear their names.The local police department is also investigating the case.But how can you possibly solve a case like this,where the only evidence comes from two conflicting viewpoints?
"This kind of cases should follow the principle of‘the burden of proof lies with the person making the claim',"Ye Lin,a law professor from Renmin University of China,told China Central Television.The burden of proof means the collection of proof or evidence.In civil cases,"if you accuse someone of causing you harm or losses,you should collect convincing proof to back your claim,"said Ye."If you cannot do that,the law will not be able to support your claim."
The law may not resolve all the problems,however.Some elderly people choose to blackmail(敲诈) their helpers because they do not have health insurance.To prevent this,the country needs to put in place a better social security net.
12.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the first paragraph?B
A.Conscience is troublesome because it compels you to help someone who will set you up in return.
B.Sometimes the warm-hearted are wrongly accused of having knocked others over.
C.It is advisable for Chinese people to turn a blind eye to someone in danger.
D.There's no doubt that the elderly usually fell down on purpose to claim compensation.
13.What does the sentence in paragraph 3"both sides are looking for witnesses to clear their names"mean?D
A.Both sides are in search of someone who can call out their names.
B.Both sides are in search of evidence that can clarify their opinions.
C.Both sides are in search of evidence that can wash away their crimes.
D.Both sides are in search of someone who can prove they are telling the truth.
14.What can we infer from Ye Lin,the law professor's words?C
A.Ye Lin thinks it is Yuan Chen who is responsible for gathering proof.
B.In civil cases,the accused should collect proof as well to reject the claim.
C.The principle regards the accused as innocent until convincing proof can be provided.
D.Since it is hard to collect convincing proof,both sides should take on the responsibility.
15.What is most likely to be written in the paragraph that follows?B
A.To make comments on this hot social phenomenon.
B.To emphasize the necessity of an improved social security system.
C.To analyze deep causes of the elderly blackmailing their helpers.
D.To illustrate the impact brought about by the blackmail on our society.
分析 短文主要讲了当你在路上碰到摔倒的人,帮不帮忙的问题,并列举了一些事例.
解答 12.B,细节理解题,根据句子They accuse good Samaritans(好心人) of having knocked them over in the first place可知,有时候热心帮助别人的人会被控诉说把人撞倒,故答案为B.
13.D,句意猜测题,根据前面的句子Since the incident happened in the security cameras'blind spot可知,由于事情发生在监控的死角,因此两边的人都在找目击者来证明,故答案为D.
14.C,推理判断题,根据句子if you accuse someone of causing you harm or losses,you should collect convincing proof to back your claim可知,如果对方控诉这个大学生,那么就得找出证据,不然该控诉不成立,因此他认为该大学生无罪除非有证据证明,故答案为C.
15.B,推理判断题,根据最后一句To prevent this,the country needs to put in place a better social security net.作者建议国家应建立更好的社会安全网络,因此接下来要写的有可能强调其重要性,故答案为B.
点评 解答任务型阅读理解题,首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意.因为阅读理解题一般没有标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速读的过程中,应尽可能多地捕获信息材料.其次,细读题材,各个击破.掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读每篇材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息.最后,要善于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强的针对性.对于捕获到的信息,要做认真分析,仔细推敲,理解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求,才能做到稳、准.