精英家教网 > 高中英语 > 题目详情
7.It is,perhaps,no accident that many of the outstanding figures of the past were amazingly  versatile men.Right up until very recent times,it was possible for an intelligent person to be familiar with almost every branch of knowledge.Thus,men of genius like Leonardo da Cinci or Sir Philip Sidney,engaged in many careers at once as a matter of course.Da Vinci was so busy with his numerous inventions,that he hardly found the time to complete his paintings; Sidney,who died in battle when he was only thirty-two years old,was not only a great soldier,but a brilliant scholar and poet as well.Both these men came very near to fulfilling the Renaissance (文艺复兴) ideal of the‘universal man',the man who was expert at everything.
Today,we rarely,if ever,hear that a musician has just invented a new type of space rocket.Knowledge has become divided and subdivided into countless,narrowly-defined fields.The specialist is respected; the versatile person,far from being admired,is more often regarded with distrust.The modern world is a world of highly-skilled‘experts'who have had to devote the greater part of their lives to a very limited field of study in order to compete with their fellows.
With this high degree of specialization,the frontiers of knowledge are steadily being pushed back more rapidly than ever before.But this has not been achieved without considerable cost.The scientist,who outside his own particular subject is little more than a fool,is a modern phenomenon; as is the man of letters who is hardly aware of the rapid progress that has been made in technology.Similarly,specialization has indirectly affected quite ordinary people in every walk of life.Many activities which were once pursued (追求) for their own sakes,are often given up in despair:they require techniques,the experts tell us,which take a lifetime to master.Why learn to play the piano,when you can listen to the world's greatest pianists in your own drawing-room?
Little by little,we are becoming more and more separate from each other.It is almost impossible to talk to your neighbor about his job,even if he is engaged in roughly the same work as you are.The Royal Society in Britain includes among its members only the most admirable scientists in the country.Yet it is highly confusing to find that even here,as one of its fellows put it,at an academic(学术的) lecture only 10% of the members can understand 50% of what is being said!

57.The underlined expression"versatile men"refers toC.
A.highly-skilled specialists   B.brilliant scholars
C.talented people              D.admirable scientists
58.According to the passage,if da Vinci and Sydney lived in the modern world,D.
A.they would enjoy a better reputation
B.people would look up to them in amazement
C.they might have made greater achievements
D.they might not be truly appreciated by people
59.By quoting"at lecture only 10% of the members can understand 50% of what is being said",the writer wants to show that the high-degree specializationD.
A.has made scientists unwilling to share their achievements
B.has widened the academic gap between scientists in the same field
C.has indirectly affected people in every walk of life
D.has brought about a significant increase in interpersonal distance
60.The writer of the passage takes aBattitude towards the high-degree specialization.
A.pessimistic  B.negative  C.supportive  D.friendly.

分析 这是一篇文化类文章,作者通过对比过去和现在的天才,发现过去的天才是多才多艺的,而现在的专家更精深,局限于一个有限的领域.

解答 CDDB
57C猜测词义题.根据文章第一 段men of genius like Leonardo da Cinci or Sir Philip Sidney,可知像达芬奇一样的天才都是多才多艺的,故选C.
58D 细节理解题.根据文章第二 段the versatile person,far from being admired,is more often regarded with distrust. 可知多才多艺的人通常会被别人认为是不可信任的,故选D,他们或许不会被人们赏识.
59D推理判断题.根据文章最后一段The Royal Society in Britain includes among its members only the most admirable scientists in the country.Yet it is highly confusing to find that 可知英国皇家学会虽然有这个国家最让人崇拜的科学家,但是由于专业精深的程度导致只有10%的人理解演讲50%的内容,说明人际之间专业程度的差异在加深,故选D.
60B主旨大议题.根据文章第三 段With this high degree of specialization,the frontiers of knowledge are steadily being pushed back more rapidly than ever before. 可知高度专业化导致知识前沿相比之前更落后,因此作者对高度专业化持否定的态度,故选B.

点评 学生需要认真阅读原文,把握文章大意,对文章脉络有整体的了解,能仔细查找文中细节,并能根据文章内容进行合理的推测判断.

练习册系列答案
相关习题

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

17.A Terrible Surprise at the Beach  
A fun-filled day at the beach turned into horror for Alex Sun and his four-year-old son,John.The two were happily playing at Discovery Bay's main beach when Mr.Sun saw something sticking out of the sand next to John's foot.He stopped his son just as the boy was about to step on a 3.5-cm-long needle.
"John was barefoot.Think about what might have happened if he had stepped on that needle,"said Mr.Sun."It's a terrible thing to imagine."The Suns'experience shows how serious the pollution problem on the beach is.
"Discovery Bay has always been one of my favorite beaches,"says Mr.Sun,"but now I'll think carefully before letting my child play here again.He will surely have to put on shoes in the future,and I won't take him into the water.This used to be such a beautiful place.The water was clean and blue with no pollution at all.Now there is garbage everywhere.If nothing is done,a family day at the beach could be a thing of the past."
Stephen Chan,a member of a team that has been set up to study the pollution situation there,says,"Medical waste can never be controlled completely.We already know that it is not coming from government hospitals and clinics so we are checking to see if it is coming from private doctors.One of our problems is that there are no laws to help us deal with the people responsible for this pollution."
"If there were stricter laws,people might think twice about throwing garbage into sea,"says Maggie Tang of Friends of the Earth.Mr.Chan,however,thinks that stricter laws alone will not solve the problem."We cannot keep an eye on every inch of the coastline,"he says."There will always be people who throw dangerous garbage.I believe it is mainly a matter of education.If people would accept responsibility for what they do with their garbage,we would be much closer to a solution."
36.Which of the following pictures shows"a barefoot"?C

37.What does Mr.Sun think of the beach now?B
A.Unpopular
B.Unsafe
C.Deserted
D.Crowded.
38.According to Stephen Chan,what is the best way to solve the problem at the beach?D
A.Improve technology to get rid of garbage.
B.Hire cleaners to collect dangerous garbage.
C.Make laws that punish people polluting the environment.
D.Educate people the dangers of polluting the environment.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

18.Grasshoppers are having to change their song-one of the iconic sounds of summer-to make themselves heard above the noise of road traffic,ecologists have discovered.The study,published in the British Ecological Society's journal Functional Ecology,is the first to show that human-made noise affects natural insect populations.Animals use sound to communicate for many reasons,including marking out territory,warning of predators and finding mates,and although previous research shows birds,whales and even frogs change their calls in noisy environments,the impact of human-made noise on insects has been neglected until now.Ulrike Lampe and colleagues from the University of Bielefeld in Germany caught 188 male bow-winged grasshoppers,half from quiet locations and half from beside busy roads.The grasshoppers use their song to attract mates.
     The team then studied the differences in the two groups'songs in the laboratory.To encourage them to sing they exposed the males to a female grasshopper,and then recorded their courtship songs.Analysis of almost 1,000 recordings revealed grasshoppers living beside noisy roads produced different songs to those living in quieter locations.
     According to Lampe:"Bow-winged grasshoppers produce songs that include low and high frequency components.We found that grasshoppers from noisy habitats increase the volume of the lower-frequency part of their song,which makes sense since road noise can mask signals in this part of the frequency spectrum(频谱)."
     The team's findings are important because traffic noise could be upsetting the grasshopper's mating system(交配系统)."Increased noise levels could affect grasshopper courtship in several ways.It could prevent females from hearing male courtship songs properly,prevent females from recognising males of their own species,or impair females'ability to estimate how attractive a male is from his song,"Lampe explains.
     Having discovered that human-made noise affects insect communication,the researchers now want to learn more about how the mechanism works,and whether the grasshoppers adapt to noise during their development as larvae(幼虫),or whether males from noisy habitats produce different songs due to genetic differences.
     The bow-winged grasshopper is a common species in Central Europe.Adults occur mainly between July and September,preferring dry grasslands.Around 1.5 cm long,they vary in colour from green and browns to red and purple.The male's song consists of 2 second-long phrases that increase in amplitude (振幅) towards the end.The beginning of a phrase is characterised by slower ticking sounds that increase in speed and amplitude,leading to a buzzing sound towards the end of the phrase.A courtship song usually includes 2 phrases.
63.The author wrote the article toC.
A.introduce how grasshoppers make noises to attract mates.
B.raise the awareness of protecting bow-winged grasshoppers.
C.inform us of a recent discovery of ecological research.
D.warn us that human-made noise has changed ecological system.
64.Which of the following could be the main idea of the passage?B
A.Bow-winged grasshoppers use their songs to communicate.
B.Grasshoppers change their songs to adapt to the noisy environment.
C.Grasshoppers'songs include both low and high frequency components.
D.Bow-winged grasshoppers are a common species in Central Europe.
65.What does the underlined word"impair"in the fourth paragraph mean?C
A.repair        B.develop        C.weaken         D.improve
66.Which of the following statements is true according the passage?A
A.Road noise can cover the lower-frequency part of their song.
B.Animals make sounds only for the purpose of finding mates.
C.Grasshopper larvae learn to adapt to human-made noise.
D.Bow-winged grasshoppers grow up into adults in spring.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

15.One butterfly species has come back from near extinction (灭绝)and is beginning to quickly adapt to warmer weather,a new research has found.
The research,presented at the Butterfly Conservation's international conference,found that the quino checkerspot butterfly has both moved to higher,cooler altitudes and has chosen an entirely new plant on which to lay its eggs.The butterfly,once thickly settled in Mexico and California,has witnessed a sharp drop in its numbers as climate change sees temperatures in their natural habitats(栖息地)become too hot and dry for the food plant its babies eat.
Camille Parmesan,professor at Plymouth University said that while the butterfly's movement is encouraging,it also points to the need for habitat protection.If the butterflies-and potentially other species-adapt quickly enough to move to higher altitudes,it's required that healthy environments exist in those altitudes in which the butterflies can settle.It's also required that these species have corridors(走廊)by which to move to higher altitudes,so that they can avoid getting killed by roads or long stretches of developed land.
Scientists believe the quino checkerspot is the first butterfly species to change habitat and diet so quickly,but it's not the only species to be forced to adapt to climate change.A 2013 study found that,while trees aren't moving northward as quickly as scientists expected,they're instead speeding up their lifecycles,causing younger trees to replace older trees at a higher rate.Certain desert plants,on the other hand,have migrated(迁徙)surprisingly far upslope,with some moving more than 800 feet from their 1963 lowermost boundaries.
Other species aren't adapting so quickly,however.The migration patterns of many butterfly species are being changed by earlier and warmer springs-something that's happening to some bird species as well.This changed migration timing could lead to mismatches in food and weather conditions for the migrating species,with food sources that were traditionally obtainable at a migration destination hatching or blooming(开花) too early for the birds or butterflies to consume.

72.We can learn from the passage that the quino checkerspot butterflyC.
A.will be certain to die out in the very near future because of global warming
B.is suffering from a drop in its population due to cold climate
C.has moved to cooler places and chosen another food plant for its babies
D.adapts well to their natural habitats in Mexico and California
73.How is Paragraph 3 mainly developed?A
A.By making lists.
B.By using examples.
C.By analyzing causes.
D.By making comparisons.
74.In response to warmer temperatures,the trees areA.
A.quickening their birth and death rates        
B.the only species to be forced to move uphill
C.moving northward as quickly as scientists expected
D.moved to cooler places at a rate of 800feet per decade
75.According to the last paragraph,when the species arrive at the migration destination,they mightC.
A.lay their eggs too early                 
B.suffer from severe diseases
C.have no food sources                 
D.change weather conditions.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

2.I remember my mother as a strong woman.She came to America when she was 12-old enough to remember her language,she achieved scores and grades high enough to be admitted to Duke University.With a degree in computer science,she finally became the manager of a company in New York.My mother could give fluent speeches,say"wolves"correctly.
It was my mother who always stressed the importance of language.From the time I was born,I was read to.I would fall asleep to the sounds of my parents'voices,whether it was my dad's softly accented,or my mother's clear English.The flow of language was unbroken,and whether in Chinese or English,the stream of communication flowed through our house.
One October morning in sixth grade,after my mother had left to catch the train to the city,I left the house for the bus stop.I was surprised when I saw our car,the door hanging open.As I drew closer,I saw my mother lying on the ground.
In the hospital,it was hard to believe that the lady who lay before me was my mom.My mother could not remember my name.As the leaves changed colors,it became clear that the stroke had created a wall between my mother's mind and mouth:her mind was not any less clear,but the words she spoke were not what she meant.
The battle my mother faced taught me the importance of language.Without it,identity does not exist; relationships cannot be formed; stories cannot be told; directions cannot be given,and knowing anything about anyone is impossible.Without language,communication cannot take place.Without language,one cannot express the beauty of a sunset or the kindness of a stranger.The world would pass us by in silence.

41.From where might the author's mom come to AmericaA?
A.China
B.England
C.Russia
D.Canada
42.From the second paragraph,we can knowD.
A.the author was taught to read since she was born
B.the author's father spoke English poorly
C.the author couldn't fall asleep without being read to
D.the author's parents taught her language by talking a lot
43.According to the last two paragraphs,the author's mom was unable toB.
A.think clearly
B.express herself well
C.speak
D.open her mouth
44.The underlined word"stroke"in the 4th paragraph most probably refers toC.
A.an accident
B.a hit
C.an illness        
D.a robbery
45.This passage is mainly aboutB.
A.a strong mother
B.the importance of language
C.a family disaster
D.the significance of teaching language.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:选择题

12.---Which of these digital cameras do you like best?
---______.They are both expensive and of little use.(  )
A.NoneB.NeitherC.NothingD.No one

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:选择题

19.What the movie"The year 2012"has displayed is _______but practical since _______depends on"if".(  )
A.anything,everythingB.nothing,everything
C.everything,anythingD.none,everything

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:选择题

16.John is clever,but _______ he sometimes makes some careless mistakes.(  )
A.in spite ofB.on the other hand
C.so long asD.on the whole

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:选择题

17.Every possible means _______to prevent the air pollution,but the sky is still not clear.(  )
A.are being usedB.have been usedC.had been usedD.has been used

查看答案和解析>>

同步练习册答案