Question

【题目】 Are your eyes irritated, dry, watery, blurry, seeing double or sensitive to light, and do your back and neck ache? If so, you are likely one of many people today who suffer from digital eyestrain, also called computer-vision syndrome.

Eyestrain is often related to the amount of exposure to screens, the distance from eyes to screens and the use of multiple screens simultaneously. However, studies have also shown that the blue light produced by digital devices today reaches further into the eyes than other kinds of light. This light actually assists attention during the day but can result in interrupted sleep patterns at night.

Scientists have also said that eyestrain is not a necessary evil, even in a modern world that revolves around technology. Changing some simple details about your relative position to screens, such as staying about 60 centimeters away, will help. Also, avoid overhead and other direct sources of light, and use shaded lamps and window blinds while looking at digital devices instead.

Beyond the way that relates to digital screens, there are also ways to change how you view screens that are helpful in combating eyestrain. To begin with, your computer screen should be high-resolution(高清的), at least 50 centimeters wide diagonally and may require a screen filter to decrease reflections. Also, be aware that “computer glasses”, which cut down glare and blue light, are available and those contact lenses can increase the risk of eyestrain.

Besides, to reduce your risk for computer-vision syndrome and neck, back and shoulder pain, take frequent breaks during your computer workday. Many workers take only two 15-minute breaks from their computer throughout their day. According to a recent study, discomfort and eyestrain are significantly reduced when computer workers take four additional five-minute “mini-breaks” throughout their workday. And these additional breaks don’t reduce the workers’ productivity.

Finally, many of us fall into bad habits while using digital screens that only worsen the effects of eyestrain. While viewing digital screens, many people blink one third less often than they usually do. Place a reminder on your computer to “blink” so that your eyes don’t dry out. Also, rest your eyes’ focusing muscles by using the 20-20-20 rule: Every 20 minutes, focus on something 20 feet away for 20 seconds.

【1】What is Paragraph 2mainlyabout?

A. The dangers of eyestrain.B. The causes of eyestrain.

C. The symptoms of eyestrain.D. The effects of eyestrain.

【2】Which of the following ways might not be helpful in relieving eyestrain?

A. Employing blue light.B. Breaking bad habits.

C. Adjusting your position.D. Changing your hardware.

【3】It can be inferred from the passage that .

A. overhead lights make the eyes less tired

B. taking frequent breaks reduces eyestrain

C. people tend to blink more often at a computer

D. technology and eyestrain unavoidably go hand in hand

【4】Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

A. B.

C. D.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】B

【4】A

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。“电脑视觉综合症”是眼睛疲劳的原因。文章给出了几条建议来对抗视疲劳。

【1】段落大意题。根据第二段第一句Eyestrain is often related to the amount of exposure to screens, the distance from eyes to screens and the use of multiple screens simultaneously.“眼睛疲劳通常与接触屏幕的次数、眼睛与屏幕的距离以及同时使用多个屏幕有关。”可知，第二段讲述眼睛疲劳的原因。故选B。

【2】推理判断题。根据第二段中However, studies have also shown that the blue light produced by digital devices today reaches further into the eyes than other kinds of light.“然而，研究也表明，如今数字设备产生的蓝光比其他种类的光更能穿透眼睛。”可知，“采用蓝光”可能对缓解眼睛疲劳没有帮助。故选A。

【3】推理判断题。根据第五段中to reduce your risk for computer-vision syndrome and neck, back and shoulder pain, take frequent breaks during your computer workday.“为了降低患电脑视觉综合症和颈部、背部和肩膀疼痛的风险，在电脑工作的时候要经常休息。”可知，经常休息可以减轻眼睛疲劳。故选B。

【4】推理判断题。根据第一段中If so, you are likely one of many people today who suffer from digital eyestrain, also called computer-vision syndrome.“如果是这样的话，你可能是当今许多患有数码眼疲劳症的人中的一员，这也被称为电脑视觉综合症。”第二段第一句Eyestrain is often related to the amount of exposure to screens, the distance from eyes to screens and the use of multiple screens simultaneously.“眼睛疲劳通常与接触屏幕的次数、眼睛与屏幕的距离以及同时使用多个屏幕有关。”文章第一段介绍“电脑视觉综合症”；第二段讲述眼睛疲劳的原因；文章的三、四、五、六段在讲述如何减少眼睛疲劳。由此推知正确的文章结构是A项。

推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。本题第3小题，根据第五段中to reduce your risk for computer-vision syndrome and neck, back and shoulder pain, take frequent breaks during your computer workday.“为了降低患电脑视觉综合症和颈部、背部和肩膀疼痛的风险，在电脑工作的时候要经常休息。”可知，经常休息可以减轻眼睛疲劳。故选B。