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Dunhuang

  About tens of years ago there was a famine(饥荒)in Hubei and many people had to leave their homes.One man named Wang Yuanlu went to Gansu Province.He walked on and on to the west.He got to Dunhuang.He decided to live there.Most of the land there is desert.It is very,very dry.Nothing grows there.But at Dunhuang there is a river.There is a steep(陡峭的)hill.At the foot of the hill there is a river.One day Wang Yuanlu found a cave in the hill.It was full of sand.He asked some men to help him.They took all the sand out.Inside the cave there was another cave.Here Wang found a great treasure(宝库).There were lots and lots of papers and paintings and other valuable things.On the walls and the ceiling of the cave there were paintings in beautiful colours.The papers and paintings were very old.Some of them were written and painted in the 5th century.So they were 1,500 years old.The newest were done in the 10th century.They were,1,000 years old.The wall paintings in the cave were painted in the Tang Dynasty,that is,from 618 AD to 907 AD.

  More and more caves were found in the hill.Altogether there are 492 caves.The first were made in the Northern Wei Dynasty,1,600 years ago.Others were made in the next 1,000 years.They were made by Buddhist(佛教的)monks(僧侣).Inside every cave the monks put clay(粘土)figures.Some of these are very beautiful.They are great works of art.The best ones were made in Wei and Tang times.Unfortunately,a lot of these figures were stolen in the past.Some were broken off the walls.Others do not have a head.The head was broken off and stolen.

  The paintings on the walls and ceilings of the caves are very interesting.Every inch of the cave is painted.Most of the paintings are religious(宗教上的)paintings.But some are picture stories.And there are paintings of ordinary people too.

  The monks had a hard time.The caves are dark and cold.It was very difficult to paint the ceiling.And how did they paint the very bottom of the walls?Today we are grateful to these monks of early days.They have left us one of the great art treasures of the world.

根据短文判断正(T)误(F)。

1.Wang Yuanlu found Dunhuaug Rock Cave by chance two hundred years ago.

(  )

2.All the papers and paintings were written and painted in 1,500 years ago.

(  )

3.In the caves there are many Buddhist figures besides papers and paintings which are made of clay.

(  )

4.The Buddhist figures were made in bad condition by the monks.

(  )

5.Dunhuang Rock Cave becomes one of the great art treasures of the world.

(  )

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