阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳答案。
Although earliest men had little difficulty in judging quantities by naming individual members or items of a group, they weren't, as such, able to count them and would be unable to make the connection between saying three leaves and three apples.
Anthropologists (人类学家) say that counting methods were extremely basic, with words for “one” and “two”and then a word which just meant “many” (much the same as today we talk about “crowds” of people, “herds” of animals and “handfuls” of sweets.) As recently as 1972, a tribe of cave - dwellers in the Philippines couldn't answer the question “How many people are there in your tribe?”, although they could individually list all 24 members of their group. And one tribe who lives on the edge of the Amazon jungle, even today, has no system of numbers, simply a verb meaning “to be two alike”.
Some languages still remain some difference between one, two and many, in what is grammatically known as the “dual form”. in Arabic for example “bait” means “house” and “baiten” means “two house”. Similar forms exist in the pronoun “you”, where there is a distinction (区别) between you singular, you two and you many.
The earliest counting system, binary, was also based on this one two system. Hands and fingers were used to express both numbers and measurements, and the fact that we have ten fingers probably answers the development of the decimal system (十进制), though this doesn't explain the English and American aversion (厌恶) to such a system (one theory is that theyoriginally had 12 fingers!)
The actual writing of numbers progresses from using notch (刻痕计数) through to symbols. The Arabic system of numbers is now the most widely used, with Roman numerals being for more specialized use.
1．What does the text mainly tell us?
[ ]
A．The origin of counting.
B．The way of counting.
C．The development of counting.
D．The counting and measurement.
2．From the text we know that until now some tribes have been unable to ________.
[ ]
A．judge quantities by naming individual members
B．know how to count in numbers
C．tell their members from those in the other tribes
D．answer the easy questions about leaves and apples
3．The two examples given in the text to show what is grammatically known as the “dual form” are ________.
[ ]
4．The earliest way to count numbers is to use ________.
[ ]
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：053
阅读理解
In the 1940s, Pinehaven Park was one of Crafton City's loveliest recreation(娱乐)areas. Over 40 acres of woods and fields were open to the public. In the 1950s, part of the park was taken over by Crafton City's garbage. Fifteen acres were to be used for landfill disposal(理置). As time went on, more and more of the park was used for garage disposal and less for recreation. Two years ago, the park was closed to the public for good. Along with household garbage, industrial chemicals had for years been dumped (倾倒)in the Pinehaven landfill. These poisonous chemicals had begun to seep(渗)back up through the soil. All of Pinehaven Park had become dangerously polluted.
Last year, the fish in the Crafton River began to die. After a series of investigations(研究), it became clear that the people of Crafton City were not to blame. 100～150 miles upstream, big paper mills were dumping industrial wastes into the river. Little by little, the level of poison in the river began to rise. Finally, it became so polluted that the fish themselves could no longer survive.
Downtown Crafton used to be a quiet area. Ten years of remarkable growth changed that in a big hurry. But with Crafton City's new prosperity(繁荣)came a new problem: air pollution. And it is a serious problem. Air pollution levels in Crafton are regularly reaching those of the nation's large industrial cities.
(1)Which of the following best states the central idea of the passage?
[ ]
A．Chemical dumping is a serious threat to Crafton City's soil.
B．The rapid growth of industry has brought air pollution to Crafton City.
C．The disposal of garbage can destroy recreation areas.
D．Industrial growth and progress have resulted in the pollution of Crafton City's water, air, and soil.
(2)According to the passage, what portion of the park had originally been marked for use as a garbage dump?
[ ]
A．Less than half B．Exactly half
C．About one third D．Most of it
(3)As it is used in the passage, the phrase“for good”means ________.
[ ]
A．practically B．for ever
C．thoroughly D．advantageously
(4)According to the passage, one result of dumping industrial chemicals into the landfill was that ________.
[ ]
A．the land became unsafe for humans
B．the animals on the land died
C．the poisonous chemicals were washed into the nearby river
D．the smoke from the chemicals polluted the air surrounding the landfill
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科目：高中英语 来源：四川省绵阳中学2009－2010学年高一下学期入学考试英语试题 题型：050
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