5.Parents are often amazed at how fast their child grows and develops.New research has determined that the ability to quantify may develop much sooner than most parents realize.
Kristy vanMarle,professor of the University of Missouri,has determined that contrary to what previous studies have shown,infants(婴儿)are able to quantify substances(物质)-like sand or water-as early as 10months.As long as the difference between the two substances is large enough,infants will choose the larger amount,especially when it comes to food.
With the assistance of her team researchers,vanMarle tested the quantifying skills of babies by presenting them with two cups:one containing a small amount of food,and one containing a larger amount.Consistently,the babies chose the larger amount.
"Several studies throughout the last 15years have shown that infants are very good at telling how many objects they see; however,infants don't seem to count things like water or sand,"vanMarle said."What we're saying is that they can quantify substances; it's just much harder.The infants can see how much food goes into each cup and compare that in their memories.They decide which amount is larger,and they almost always select the larger one."
This information further refutes(驳斥)the long-held idea that babies"know nothing of the world,"vanMarle said.
"Since psychologists have begun studying infants with sensitive measures,we've discovered a lot of early abilities.I think for parents,it should be exciting to know that there's somebody in there that has some fundamental and basic knowledge of the world,and that knowledge is guiding their development,"vanMarle said.
In the future,vanMarle says this kind of study could be linked to a child's progress in math-related skills,although programs marketed to increase those abilities,such as"Baby Einstein,"still have mixed reviews when it comes to academic study.
66.The quantifying ability refers to the ability toC.
A.choose between different substances
B.get much knowledge of the world
C.describe the quantity of something
D.obtain math-related skills
67.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?B
A.The process of doing research.
B.The scientific findings.
C.The final choice of infants.
D.The observation of infants'behavior.
68.Babies choose the larger amount of foodD.
A.by saying numbers
B.with the help of parents
C.on personal preference
D.through their natural abilities
69.We can learn from the text thatD.
A.some parents don't care about their kids
B.people used to think the world is known to babies
C.little research has been done on infants
D.scholars disagree on baby-training programs
70.What's the best title of the text?A
A.Breakthrough in Baby Studies
B.Amazing Baby-training Ideas
C.Early Human Abilities
D.Unique Quantifying Methods.
分析 本文作者主要介绍了美国密苏里大学教授Kristy vanMarle及其研究团队在婴儿研究方面取得的突破以及未来的研究方向:vanMarle教授的研究推翻了长期以来人们认为婴儿对世界"一无所知"的观点,她通过分析婴儿擅长判断食物的数量并会选择量较大的那一个,即得出婴儿具有量化物质的能力; vanMarle教授还提出今后可能会将此类的研究与培养儿童数学相关技能的进步连接起来.
解答 66~70 CBDDA
66.C细节理解题.根据第二段中的"As long as the difference between the two substances is large enough,infants will choose the larger amount,especially when it comes to food."以及第三段中的"one containing a small amount of food,and one containing a larger amount.Consistently,the babies chose the larger amount."可知,vanMarle教授及其研究团队认为:婴儿在面对数量上有差异的物质尤其是食物时,会选择量较大那一个;因此可推测出vanMarle教授他们提出的quantifying ability (量化能力)指的应是:辨别事物数量的能力.故选C.
67.B段落大意题.通读第四段可知,本段主要介绍了vanMarle及其研究团队近15年来的研究结果:虽然婴儿擅长判断食物的数量并去选择量较大的那个,但却不能分辨出水或沙的数量;即婴儿在量化除了食物之外的物质方面还存在着很大的困难.故选B.
68.D细节理解题.根据第四段中的"The infants can see how much food goes into each cup and compare that in their memories"可知,通过与自己印象中的食物数量相比对,婴儿便可以判断出每个杯子中的食物的多少;因此婴儿之所以会选择较大数量的食物是由于他们天生就有这种能力.故选D.
69.D细节理解题.根据最后一段…still have mixed reviews when it comes to academic study.可知学者们就婴儿培训计划存在分歧.故选D.
70.A标题选择题.通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了vanMarle及其研究团队的研究结果:婴儿天生就具有量化食物的能力;由于她的这一研究结果推翻了长期以来人们认为婴儿对世界"一无所知"的观点,因此可将本文的题目定为:在婴儿研究方面的突破.故选A.
点评 本文考察学生的理解推断能力以及细心程度,只要抓住文章的关键词,采用寻读的方法查找细节,就能找到正确答案.