Question

【题目】By far the most common difficulty in study is simple failure to get down to regular concentrated work. This difficulty is much greater for those who do not work to a plan and have no regular routine of study. Many students muddle along, doing a bit of this subject or that, as the mood takes them, or letting their set work pile up until the last possible moment.

Few students work to a set timetable. They say that if they did work out a timetable for themselves they would not keep to it, or would have to change it frequently, since they can never predict from one day to the next what their activities will be.

No doubt some students take much more kindly to a regular routine than others. There are many who shy away from a self-controlled weekly timetable, and dislike being tied down to a fixed program of work. Many able students state that they work in cycles. When they become interested in a topic they work on it attentively for three or four days at a time. On other days they avoid work completely. It has to be admitted that we do not fully understand the motivation to work. Most people over 25 years of age have become used to a work routine, and the majority of really productive workers set aside regular hours for the more important areas of their work. The “tough-minded” school of workers doesn’t fully accept the idea that good work can only be done naturally, under the influence of inspiration.

Those who believe that they need only work and study as the fit takes them have a mistaken belief either in their own talent or in the value of “freedom”. Freedom from control and discipline leads to unhappiness rather than to “self-expression” or “personality development”. Our society insists on regular habits, timekeeping and punctuality (being on time), and whether we like it or not, if we mean to make our way in society, we have to meet its demands.

【1】The most widespread problem in applying oneself to study is __________ .

A. changing from one subject to another

B. the failure to keep to a set timetable of work

C. the unwillingness to work out a systematic plan

D. working on a subject only when one feels like it

【2】Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Many students are not interested in using a self-controlled timetable.

B. Many students don’t like being told to study to a fixed timetable.

C. Most people over 25 years of age don’t work to a set timetable.

D. Tough-minded people agree that good work is done naturally.

【3】The underlined part “as the fit takes them” means __________.

A. when they have the energy

B. when they are in the mood

C. when they feel fit

D. when they find conditions suitable

【4】A suitable title for the passage might be __________.

A. Attitudes to Study

B. A Study Plan

C. The Difficulties of Studying

D. Study and Self-discipline

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】

试题分析：本文旨在劝导人们，特别是学生注意如何高效的学习，根据工作制定时间计划表和做到自律。

【1】细节理解题。根据第一段：By far the most common difficulty in study is simple failure to get down to regular concentrated work. This difficulty is much greater for those who do not work to a plan and have no regular routine of study.（到目前为止，学习上最常见的困难是在着手开始规定且集中的工作上的简单失败。对于那些不按计划学习和在学习上没有定期安排的人是一个较大的困难）。A.从一个科目换到另一个科目B.未能遵守一组工作时间表C.不愿制定一个系统的计划D.从事于一个科目只有当自己喜欢的时候，排除A,D；文中没有提到他们不愿意制定系统的计划，只是有计划他们不愿意执行或者拖延下去，故选B.

【2】细节推理题。A. 许多学生对用自律的时间表没有兴趣。B.许多学生不喜欢被告知按照规定好了的时间表来学习C.许多超过25岁的人不按时间表来工作D.坚强意志的人同意好的工作应该最自然的被完成。根据第二段：Few students work to a set timetable. They say that if they did work out a timetable for themselves they would not keep to it, or would have to change it frequently, since they can never predict from one day to the next what their activities will be.（许多学生不按照时间表来学习。他们说就算他们为自己制定出一个时间表，他们也不会按照它来，或者不得不经常改变它，因为他们也不能预测出从这一天到下一天他们的活动会是什么），B选项，不存在学生喜不喜欢的问题，排除；第三段：Most people over 25 years of age have become used to a work routine,（许多年龄超过25岁的人们开始一个工作例行程序）排除C；第三段：The “tough-minded” school of workers doesn’t fully accept the idea that good work can only be done naturally. (意志坚强的人们不完全接受好的工作应该最自然的被完成这种说法)，排除D，故选A.

【3】细节推理题。A.当他们有精力的时候B.当他们兴致勃勃的时候C.当他们精力很好的时候D.当他们发现条件适合的时候；最后一段：Freedom from control and discipline leads to unhappiness rather than to “self-expression” or “personality development”. Our society insists on regular habits, timekeeping and punctuality (being on time), and whether we like it or not, if we mean to make our way in society, we have to meet its demands.（从控制和纪律中出来的自由导致的是不快乐而不是“自我表现”或者“自我发展”。我们的社会要求的仍然是规律的习惯，守时和准时，不管你是否喜欢。如果我们想在这个社会有所作为，我们必须适应它的要求。）可以得出前文旨在告诉我们叫我们工作或是学习不要那么的任性妄为，一切随性，我行我素，不要兴致来了才开始着手做要做的事情，要不论何时都做到按计划来，守时和准时是在社会上立足的必要条件，故选B.

【4】主旨大意题。A.学习的态度B.一个学习计划C.学习的困难D.学习和自律；文章开始讲到现在学生们学习的困难普遍在于没有严格遵守学习计划的时间表来，得过且过。其次讲了他们不按计划来的原因以及按计划走和自律的重要性。最后总结旨在告诫读者做事不要任性，要按照纪律和规矩办事。故选D.