Ernest Miller Hemingway (July 21, 1899—July 2, 1961) was an American writer and journalist. His writing style had a strong influence on 20th-century fiction, while his life of adventure and his public image(形象) affected later generations. Hemingway produced most of his works between the mid-1920s and the mid-1950s, and won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954.
Hemingway was raised in Illinois. After high school he reported for The Kansas City Star, before leaving for the Italian front to enlist with the World War I ambulance drivers. In 1918, he was seriously wounded and returned home. In 1922, he married Hadley Richardson. The couple moved to Paris, where he worked as a foreign journalist. Advised and encouraged by other American writers in Paris—F. Scott Fitzgerald, Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound, he began to see his work appear in print there, and in 1925 his first important book, a collection of stories called In Our Time, was published. A year later, he published The Sun Also Rises, a novel with which he scored his first solid success. The writing of books occupied Hemingway for most of the postwar years. He remained based in Paris, but he traveled widely for bullfighting(斗牛), fishing, and hunting that by then had become part of his life and formed the background for much of his writing. Hemingway’s love of Spain and bullfighting resulted in Death in the Afternoon (1932). His position as a master of short fiction had been advanced by Men Without Women in 1927. The harvest of Hemingway’s considerable experience of Spain in war and peace was the novel For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940). In the public view, however, the novel A Farewell to Arms (1929) overshadowed such works.
Shortly after he published The Old Man and the Sea in 1952, Hemingway went to Africa, where he was almost killed in a plane crash that left him in pain or ill-health for much of the rest of his life. Hemingway lived in Florida and Cuba during the 1930s and 1940s, but in 1959 he moved from Cuba to Ketchum, Idaho, where ended his life in the summer of 1961.
【小题1】Which best arranges Hemingway’s works in the correct order of time?
a. A Farewell to Arms b. Men Without Women
c. The Old Man and the Sea d. Death in the Afternoon
e. The Sun Also Rises f. For Whom the Bell Tolls
A.e, a, b, f, d, c | B.e, b, a, d, f, c |
C.b, a, d, f, e, c | D.b, d, a, e, c, f |
A.was thought to be better than other works of Hemingway’s |
B.was considered to make a show in Hemingway’s life |
C.was only as excellent as the other works of Hemingway’s |
D.was believed to be among the worst works of Hemingway’s |
A.Hemingway produced most of his works in Africa |
B.Hemingway led a very happy life in his last few years |
C.most of Hemingway’s works were based on his life experience |
D.Hemingway’s writing style affected the life of later generations |
【小题1】B
【小题2】A
【小题3】B
【小题4】C
解析试题分析:文章介绍海明威是一位兴趣广泛的精力充沛的作者,一生写了很多名著,他的冒险生活和公共形象也对后代有很大影响。
【小题1】排序题:第二段的作品后面都有年代,依据年份可知顺序是:e. The Sun Also Rises b. Men Without Womena. A Farewell to Arms d. Death in the Afternoon f. For Whom the Bell Tollsc. The Old Man and the Sea 选B
【小题2】句意理解题:从第二段的内容可知作者提到海明威的很多作品,而A Farewell to Arms是比这些都好,可知 A Farewell to Arms 比海明威的其他任何作品都好,选A
【小题3】细节题:从文章第二段的句子:He remained based in Paris, but he traveled widely for bullfighting(斗牛), fishing, and hunting that by then had become part of his life and formed the background for much of his writing.可知海明威是兴趣广泛的精力充沛的作者,选B
【小题4】推理题:从文章第二段的句子:He remained based in Paris, but he traveled widely for bullfighting(斗牛), fishing, and hunting that by then had become part of his life and formed the background for much of his writing.可以推断出大部分海明威的作品是来源于他的生活,选C
考点:考查人物传记类短文
科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
Peanuts to This
Proudly reading my words,I glanced around the room,only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes.Confused,I glanced toward my stonefaced teacher.Having no choice,I slowly raised the report I had slaved over,hoping to hide myself.“What could be causing everyone to act this way?”
Quickly,I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task.This was the first real task I received in my new school.It seemed simple:go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington.Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country,I had never heard of that name before.As I searched the name of this fellow,it became evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different!One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts,while the other led some sort of army across America.I stared at the screen,wondering which one my teacher meant.I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice:flip(掷) a coin.Heads—the commander,and tails—the peanut guy.Ah!Tails,my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter,George Washington Carver.
Weeks later,standing before this unfriendly mass,I was totally lost.Oh well,I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk,burning to find out what I had done wrong.As a classmate began his report,it all became clear,“My report is on George Washington,the man who started the American Revolution.”The whole world became quiet!How could I know that she meant that George Washington?
Obviously,my grade was awful.Heartbroken but fearless,I decided to turn this around.I talked to Miss Lancelot,but she insisted:No redos;no new grade.I felt that the punishment was not justified,and I believed I deserved a second chance.Consequently,I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year.Ten months later,that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster’s office with my grandfather,now having an entirely different conversation.I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my option to skip the sixth grade.Justice is sweet! (2012·北京,B)
【小题1】What did the author’s classmates think about his report?
A.Controversial. | B.Ridiculous. |
C.Boring. | D.Puzzling. |
A.He was unfamiliar with American history. |
B.He followed the advice and flipped a coin. |
C.He forgot his teacher’s instruction. |
D.He was new at the school. |
A.annoyed | B.ashamed |
C.ready | D.eager |
A.by redoing his task |
B.through his own efforts |
C.with the help of his grandfather |
D.under the guidance of his headmaster |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
A month went by in this manner , but a month was all I could bear .
The memory of Marguerite accompanied me wherever I went . I had loved that woman --- still loved her --- too much for her suddenly to mean nothing to me . Whatever feelings I might have for her now , I had to see her again . At once .
…
I knew Marguerite . Meeting me so unexpectedly must have thrown her into a state of great confusion . Probably , she had heard of my departure which had set her mind at rest as to the consequences of our sudden parting . But , seeing me back and coming face to face with me , pale as I was , she had sensed that my return had a purpose , and must have wondered what was going to happen .
If , when I saw her again , Marguerite had been unhappy ; if , in taking my revenge (复仇), there had also been some way of helping her , then I might well have forgiven her , and would certainly never have dreamed of doing her any harm . But when I saw her again , she was happy , at least on the surface . Another man had ensured her the luxury (奢侈)in which I had been unable to keep her . She brought shame both to my pride and my love ; she was going to have to pay for what I had suffered .
I could not remain indifferent (冷漠)to what she did now . It followed that the thing that would hurt her most would be exactly for me to show indifference . Indifference , therefore , was the feeling which I now needed to pretend , not only in her presence but in the eyes of others .
I tried to put a smile on my face , and I went to call on Prudence with whom Marguerite was staying .
Prudence saw me to the door , and I returned to my apartment with tears of anger in my eyes and thirst for revenge in my heart and thought only of finding a way to make the poor creature suffer .
【小题1】This passage is most probably _______________ of a love story .
A.the beginning | B.the introduction | C.a summary | D.a chapter |
A.forgive Marguerite because he found her unhappy |
B.stop the relationship with Marguerite because he couldn’t keep her in the luxury |
C.make up the relationship with Marguerite because he still loved her |
D.give Marguerite sufferings because his pride and his love were hurt |
A.Indifference and love . |
B.Indifference and hate . |
C.Love and hate . |
D.Hate and sadness . |
A.Why he changed his mind suddenly . |
B.How he made up his relationship with Marguerite . |
C.How he made Marguerite suffer. |
D.Why he wanted Marguerite to pay for what he had suffered . |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
Like many lovers of books, Mary and her husband, Richard Goldman, seldom walked past a bookstore without stopping to look inside. They often talked of opening their own store one day.
When Mary was hospitalized with heart trouble in 1989, they decided it was time to get serious. Richard, who worked for a business company, was eager to work for himself, and Mary needed to slow down from her demanding job.
They started by talking to bookstore owners and researching the industry. “We knew it had to be a specialty store because we couldn’t match the big chains dollar for dollar,” says Mary. One figure caught her attention: She’d read somewhere that roughly 20 percent of books sold were mysteries (推理小说), and many buyers spent more $300 a year on books. She and Richard were themselves mystery readers.
On Halloween 1992, they opened the Mystery Lovers Bookshop and Café near their home. With three children in college, the couple could not spend all the family’s money to start a shop. To cover the $100,000 cost, they drew some of their savings, borrowed from relatives and from an bank.
The store merely broke even in its first year, with only $120,000 in sales. But Mary was always coming up with new ways to attract customers. The shop had a coffee bar and it offered gifts to mystery lovers and served dinners for book clubs that met in the store. She also invited dozens of writers to discuss their stories.
Today Mystery Lovers makes sales of about $420,000 a year. After paying taxes, business costs and the six part-time sales clerks, Richard and Mary together earn about $34,000.
“The job you love may not go hand in hand with a million-dollar income,” says Richard. “This has always been about an enjoyable life for ourselves, not about making a lot of money.”
【小题1】When Mary was in hospital, the couple realized that ____.
A.they had to put their plan into practice |
B.health was more important than wealth |
C.heart trouble was a serious illness |
D.they both needed to stop working |
A.to study industrial management |
B.to buy and read more mystery books |
C.to do market research on book business |
D.to work harder to save money for the bookstore |
A.They had to borrow money to keep it going. |
B.They made just enough to cover all the costs. |
C.They succeeded in earning a lot of money. |
D.They failed though they worked hard. |
A.to pay for their children’s education |
B.to get to know more writers |
C.to set up more bookstores |
D.to do what they like to do |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
The younger daughter of former New York Mayor Richard White has moved her wedding from New Year’s Eve to this Thursday so her mother, who has been fighting against cancer for 11 years, can take part in the ceremony, a family spokesman said on Wednesday, Oct, 12, 2013. Elizabeth Lally White, who turns 28 on Thursday, will marry Sam Peterson in Spiaggia, a restaurant on North Michigan Avenue. The reception also will be held at the restaurant, which had been previously scheduled to host the couple’s engagement party on Thursday.
Lally White’s mother, Maggie, 68, was reported to have caught breast cancer in 2002. She had an operation in her leg in April and she was hospitalized twice in the weeks following the procedure for treatment of flu-like symptoms that doctors said were not related to the cancer. Maggie, who has used a walker or a wheelchair during most public appearances in recent years, is well beyond the average survival time for someone with breast cancer.
“As the mayor himself has said, she had a pretty difficult summer.” said Jacquelyn Heard, who served Mayor White’s press secretary for years and followed him to the same international law firm that he joined after leaving office in May. “She was not able to get around the way that she normally would do. This year, she has had quite a few setbacks and they’ve been pretty well documented. Lally White decided to reschedule the wedding so that her mom can participate in the festivities (庆祝活动).” Heard said. Lally White is a doctoral candidate at De-Paul University and plans to work with autistic (孤独症) children, and Sam Peterson works in insurance, Heard said.
Richard and Maggie White married in 1972 and had three children in addition to Lally — Nora, Patrick and Kevin. But Kevin was born with a disease and died in 1981 at 33 months.
【小题1】When was Elizabeth Lally White born?
A.In 1983. | B.In 1987. | C.In 1985. | D.In 1984. |
A.Maggie, 68, is recovering now. |
B.Maggie caught breast cancer in 2002. |
C.The cancer caused some flu-like symptoms on Maggie. |
D.Average breast cancer patients lived a life shorter than Maggie. |
A.She was afraid that her mother couldn’t participate her wedding on New Year’s Eve. |
B.She was eager to work with autistic children after wedding. |
C.Her family will move out of New York. |
D.Her mother will accept operation because of her disease. |
A.3. | B.4. | C.5. | D.6. |
A.The political life of former Mayor. |
B.The brave wife of former Mayor. |
C.The wedding of former Mayor’s daughter. |
D.The family life of former Mayor. |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
One day, when I was working as a psychologist(心理学家) in England, a young boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had introduced him to me before. “This boy has lost his family,” he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I’m very worried about him. Can you help?”
I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems which psychology doesn’t have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and silently. And I would do in this way.
The first two times we met, David didn’t say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the children’s drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon—in complete silence and without looking at me. It’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.
Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me?
“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with,” I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.
“It’s your turn,” he said.
After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times, about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.
Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one—without any words—can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.
【小题1】When he first met the author, David_________.
A.felt a little excited | B.walked stubbornly |
C.looked a little nervous | D.showed up with his teacher |
A.was uncertain about psychology | B.was ready to listen to David |
C.was able to describe David’s problem | D.was sure of solving David’s problem |
A.needed to share pain with the author |
B.wanted to ask the author for advice |
C.liked the children’s drawing in the office |
D.beat the author many times in the chess game |
A.He recovered after months of treatment. |
B.He liked biking before he lost his family. |
C.He went into university soon after starting to talk. |
D.He got friends in school before he met the author. |
A.His teacher’s help. |
B.His exchange of letters with the author. |
C.The author’s friendship. |
D.The author’s silent communication with him. |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
When I was about 12, I had an enemy, a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings. Week by week her list grew: I was very thin, I wasn’t a good student, I talked too much, I was too proud, and so on. I tried to hear all this as long as I could. At last, I became very angry. I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.
He listened to me quietly, then he asked. “Are the things she says true or not? Janet, didn’t you ever wonder what you’re really like ? Well, you now have that girl’s opinion. Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.”
I did as he told me. To my great surprise, I discovered that about half the things were true. Some of them I couldn’t change (like being very thin), but a good number I could—and suddenly I wanted to change. For the first time I got a fairly clear picture of myself.
I brought the list back to Daddy. He refused to take it. “That’s just for you,” he said. “You know better than anyone else the truth about yourself. But you have to learn to listen, not just close your ears in anger and feel hurt. When something said about you is true, you’ll find it will be of help to you. Don’t shut your ears. Listen to them all, but hear the truth and do what you know is the right thing to do.”
Daddy’s advice has returned to me at many important moments. In my life, I’ve never had a better piece of advice.
【小题1】Which do you think would be the best title for this passage?
A.Not an Enemy, but the Best Friend |
B.The Best Advice I’ve Ever Had |
C.My Father |
D.My Childhood |
A.Week by week she discovered more shortcomings of mine and pointed them out to me. |
B.She had made a list of my shortcomings and she kept on adding new ones to it so that it was growing longer and longer. |
C.I was having more and more shortcomings as time went on. |
D.Week by week, my shortcomings grew more serious. |
A.Because he believed that what her daughter’s “enemy” said was mostly true. |
B.Because he had been so angry with his daughter’s shortcomings that he wanted to show this by keeping silent for a while. |
C.Because he knew that his daughter would not listen to him at that moment. |
D.Because he wasn’t quite sure which girl was telling the truth. |
A.He told her not to pay any attention to what her “enemy” had said. |
B.He criticized (批评) her and told her to overcome her shortcomings. |
C.He told her to write down all that her “enemy” had said about her and pay attention only to the things that were true. |
D.He refused to take the list and have a look at it. |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
In my living room,there is a plaque (匾) that advises me to“Bloom (开花) where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy.I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s,when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville,Kentucky.The job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program.Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who“bloomed”in her remote area.
Dorothy taught in a school in Harlan County,Kentucky,Appalachian Mountain area.To get to her school from the town of Harlan,I followed a road winding around the mountain.In the eightmile journey,I crossed the same railroad track five times,giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times.Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains,I found it depressing.The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.
From the moment of my arrival at the little school,all gloom (忧郁) disappeared.Upon arriving at Dorothy’s classroom.I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen.The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects.Dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for“dinner”(lunch).In case you don’t know,poke greens are a weedtype plant that grows wild,especially on poor ground.
Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students.Her enthusiasm never cooled down.When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification,Dorothy was ready.She came to the assessment and passed in all areas.Afterward,she invited me to the oneandonly steak house in the area to celebrate her victory,as if she had received her Ph.D.degree.After the meal,she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand.She said it was a family heirloom (传家宝),but to me it is a treasured symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things.
【小题1】“Early Childhood Development”in Paragraph 1 refers to________.
A.a program directed by Dorothy |
B.a course given by the author |
C.an activity held by the students |
D.an organization sponsored by Union college |
A.the long track |
B.the poor houses |
C.the same train |
D.the winding road |
A.a warm welcome |
B.the sight of poke greens |
C.Dorothy’s latest projects |
D.a big dinner made for her |
A.Whatever you do,you must do it carefully. |
B.Whoever you are,you deserve equal treatment. |
C.However poor you are,you have the right to education. |
D.Wherever you are,you can accomplish your achievement. |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
The pen is more powerful than the sword. There have been many writers who use their pens to write things that were wrong. Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowe was one of them.
She was born in the U. S. A. in 1811. One of her books not only made her famous but has been described as one that excited the world, and was helpful in causing a civil war and freeing the enslaved race. The civil war was the American Civil War of 1861, in which the Northern States fought the Southern States and finally won.
This book that shook the world was called Uncle Tom's Cabin. There was a time when every English-speaking man, woman, and child had read this novel that did so much to stop slavery. Not many people read it today, but it is still very interesting, if only to show how a warm-hearted writer can arouse people's sympathies. The author herself had neither been to the Southern States nor seen a slave. The Southern Americans were very angry at the book, which they said did not at all represent the true state of affairs, but the Northern Americans were widely excited over it, and were so inspired by it that they were ready to go to war to set the slaves free.
【小题1】Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowe became famous for .
A.one of her books |
B.she was a very heartedly person |
C.she was a kind wife |
D.she worked for the war |
A.About sixty years old. |
B.Over fifty years old. |
C.In her forties. |
D.Around twenty years old. |
A.Before the civil war she had been a slave. |
B.Before the civil war she had lived in the north of America. |
C.She had a good school education. |
D.She was better at writing than swinging a sword. |
A.she disclosed the terrible wrongs done to the slaves in the Southern States |
B.she wrote so well that the Americans loved her very much |
C.the Americans were too excited when they reads the book |
D.the Southern Americans hated the book, while the Northern Americans liked it |
A.No wor can be won without such a book as Uncle Tom's Cabin. |
B.We must understand the importance of literature and art. |
C.We needn't use weapons to fight things that are wrong. |
D.A writer is more helpful in war than a soldier. |
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