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2.Engineers should embrace(接受) the arts,Sir John O'Reilly,a fellow of the Institution of Engineering and Technology,argued in a lecture.
About 59% of engineering companies in the IET's 2014survey feared skill shortages could threaten(威胁) business.
"There is nothing as creative as engineering,"Sir John told the reporter.He says science,technology,engineering and mathematics-often known as"Stem"subjects,are vital for a modern knowledge economy.But there is a massive shortfall in the number of recruits(招聘)-with a recent study by the Royal Academy of Engineering saying the UK needs to increase by as much as 50% the number of Stem graduates it produces.
Delivering this year's Mountbatten Lecture at the Royal Institution,Sir John argued that engineers should recognise the role of the arts in their work-among other benefits; this could attract more people into the profession.The lecture,Full Steam Ahead for Growth,advocated a wider adoption--Steam,or science,technology,engineering,arts and maths.Engineers should embrace the arts as being key to creativity and an important component of innovation(创新),crucial to creating new products and boosting future competitiveness,he argued."Engineering and technology is an increasingly diverse and creative field,"said Sir John.
Some university engineering departments already cooperated with art schools to develop understanding,he told the reporter.In particular he mentioned Cranfield University's Centre for Creative Competitive Design and Imperial College's work with the Royal College of Art.The two sets of people could work well together and more emphasis on the creative side of engineering could improve the success of products,he said.
"Aesthetics(美学) is part of it,"he told the reporter,adding that Apple's iPod was not the first digital media player,nor the only one that worked-but it came to dominate the market"because it was nice to have".
Sir John said he was not suggesting universities started requiring A-level art from engineering applicants-the key subjects for admission would continue to be maths and the sciences.But an emphasis on creative skills would help"broaden the pool and attract more people in".

41.According to a recent study by the Royal AcademyD.
A.skill shortages could threaten business
B.engineering graduates are not as creative as expected
C.there are not enough arts graduates produced in the UK.
D.the UK needs more graduates in science,technology,engineering and mathematics
42.According to the lecture Full Steam Ahead for Growth,B.
A.engineers should cooperate with arts majors
B.Accepting the arts could attract more people into engineering
C.engineers should realize arts play the most important part in their work
D.engineering and technology is as diverse and creative as before
43.By giving the example of Apple's iPod,Sir John intends toA.
A.stress the importance of arts
B.stress the importance of marketing
C.stress the importance of communication
D.stress the importance of science and technology
44.Which of the following is true according to the passage?C
A.More university students should study arts instead of engineering.
B.Engineering and technology is increasingly different and unrelated fields.
C.The IET's skills survey raised concerns about the number of recruits to engineering.
D.Students from some university engineering departments have already transferred to art schools
45.What is the passage mainly about?D
A.Lack of creativity makes it difficult for the engineering major to find a satisfactory job.
B.The key subjects for engineering majors remain to be maths and the sciences rather than arts.
C.University engineering departments should cooperate with art schools to improve the success of products.
D.Engineering needs to emphasize its creative side to encourage more young people to choose it as a career.

分析 本文是一篇科教类阅读.文章主要介绍了STEM科目,它一般指科学、技术、工程和数学等,而最近英国的一份调查报告显示,攻读STEM课程的学生比例下降,英国STEM学科的发展前景令人堪忧.在文章中Sir John提出人们应该认识到工程学当中的艺术成分,呼吁更多年轻人进入这一领域.

解答 41.D 细节理解题.根据第三段But there is a massive shortfall in the number of recruits(招聘)-with a recent study by the Royal Academy of Engineering saying the UK needs to increase by as much as 50% the number of Stem graduates it produces.可知招聘人才大量短缺,需要增加50%STEM毕业生的数量.由此推知,英国缺少STEM研究科目方面的人才.故选D.
42.B 细节理解题.根据第四段Sir John argued that engineers should recognise the role of the arts in their work-among other benefits; this could attract more people into the profession.可知认识到工程学中的艺术成分会吸引更多的人来从事这一行业.故选B.
43.A 推理判断题.根据倒数第二、三段Sir John 提到艺术学校和工程专业学生的合作能够促进产品的成功的原因是"Aesthetics(美学) is part of it--美学是它的一部分",然后以Apple's iPod为例,由此判断Sir John通过Apple'iPod是想说明艺术在工程学方面的重要性.故选A.
44.C 细节理解题.通过第二、三段内容可知这份调查显示了在STEM研究学科方面人员的缺少,而且Sir John在调查中鼓励年轻人进入这一领域.故选C.
45.D 主旨大意题.本文是一篇调查报告,在首段先提出Engineers should embrace(接受) the arts--工程师应该接受艺术,进而指出在STEM研究学科方面人员的缺少,然后在下文呼吁人们要强调工程学中的艺术方面,以此吸引更多的年轻人从事这一行业,由此判断本文中心内容是要人们意识到工程学中创新的一面从而鼓励年轻人从事这一行业.故选D.

点评 本文考察学生的理解推断能力以及细心程度,只要抓住文章的关键词,采用寻读的方法查找细节,就能找到正确答案.

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The Sutton Trust study
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Statistics of the study•In the UK,only about 60% of children have a secure attachment with their parents.

•In other countries where the studies were carried out,the numbers are quite (74)close.
Negative effects of insecure (75)attachment•A (76)lack of secure parental bonding may lead to poor language and behavior for preschool children.
At the age of five,the (77)biggest school readiness gap between children can be 19months.

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The significance of parental attachmentBetter bonding between parents and babies could lead to a change in people's social (79)status because it narrows children's school readiness gap and it improves children's life chances.
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A thief who(26)Aa winning lottery ticket(彩票)at the scene of his crime has been given a lesson in honesty.His(27)D,who picked up the ticket,then claimed(认领) the£25,000prize,managed to(28)Bthe owner,and handed over the cash.
The(29)Chappened when Professor Vinicio was(30)Ca tyre on an Italian highway.Another(31)A,who was just passing by,stopped to"help",(32)Da suitcase from her car and drove off.The(33)Bfound the dropped ticket and put it in her pocket before driving home to Ascoli in eastern Italy.
The next day,she(34)Ato see the lottery results on TV and,taking out the ticket,she realized it was a(35)C.She claimed the big prize.Then she began a battle with her(36)D.Finally,she decided she could not keep the money(37)Bhaving been robbed.She advertised in newspapers and on radio,saying:"I'm trying to find the man who(38)Ame.I have a£25,000prize for him--a lottery win.Please meet me.Anonymity(匿名)(39)C."
Professor Vinicio received hundreds of calls from(40)Dpeople hoping to trick her into handing them the cash.(41)Bthere was one voice she recognized-and she arranged to meet the man in a park.The robber,a 35-year-old unemployed father of two,(42)Athe suitcase and burst into tears.He could not believe what was happening."Why didn't you keep the money?"he asked,feeling quite(43)A.The professor replied:"I(44)Cbecause it's not mine."Then she walked off,(45)Dthe thief's offer of a reward.

26.A.droppedB.boughtC.stoleD.offered
27.A.bossB.professorC.friendD.victim
28.A.punishB.seekC.cheatD.catch
29.A.jokeB.accidentC.robberyD.murder
30.A.makingB.damagingC.changingD.selling
31.A.driverB.policeC.winnerD.companion
32.A.leftB.returnedC.foundD.stole
33.A.passer-byB.ladyC.helperD.stranger
34.A.happenedB.hesitatedC.failedD.tried
35.A.wasteB.loserC.winnerD.chance
36.A.careerB.courageC.luckD.conscience
37.A.because ofB.despiteC.withoutD.in return for
38.A.robbedB.knewC.troubledD.admired
39.A.expectedB.neededC.guaranteedD.wanted
40.A.braveB.meanC.generousD.dishonest
41.A.SoB.ButC.ThusD.Instead
42.A.gave backB.gave upC.took upD.looked for
43.A.ashamedB.satisfiedC.disappointedD.excited
44.A.daren'tB.mightn'tC.couldn'tD.needn't
45.A.sharingB.acceptingC.appreciatingD.rejecting.

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