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    Elena Kagan has reached a lifelong goal：becoming a Justice on the United States Supreme Court.The U．S. Senate confirmed Kagan on Thursday by a vote of 63­37.She replaces Justice John Paul Stevens，who retired in June.
    Kagan will take a sacred oath(誓言) to uphold the Constitution of the United States on Saturday at a swearing­in ceremony.The new Justice will bring the number of women sitting on the nation’s highest court to three.Kagan joins Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Sonia Sotomayor—all three New Yorkers.
    Kagan is the fourth woman in history to sit on the Supreme Court.Justice Sandra Day O’Connor was the first female Justice.She was appointed by President Ronald Reagan and served from 1981 to 2006.
    Kagan，who is 50 years old，is the second Justice appointed by President Barack Obama.(He appointed Justice Sotomayor in 2009.) Obama told reporters on Thursday that Kagan will make an “outstanding Justice who understands that her rulings affect people.” He also noted that the addition of another woman to the Supreme Court marks a sign of progress for the country.Obama and Kagan will celebrate her confirmation with a ceremony at the White House today.
    Kagan has spent most of her adult life working with the law.She served in President Clinton’s administration as a legal adviser，was the head of Harvard Law School，and until her confirmation Thursday，was the U．S. Solicitor General—one of the most powerful lawyers in the federal government.Kagan was born in New York City.She grew up in an apartment on the Upper West side of Manhattan，the strong­willed，independent middle sister sandwiched between two brothers.
    Kagan’s mother was a public school teacher who taught fifth and sixth grades.Her father was a lawyer.
    The new Justice once wore a judge’s robe in a picture for her high­school yearbook.Now she’ll be wearing real ones as she and the other eight Justices decide some of the most important legal cases.
    小题1:What can we infer according to Paragraph 1?
    A．Elena Kagan has become the only female Justice of America.
    B．It’s Kagan’s dream to be a Justice on the United States Supreme Court.
    C．Kagan achieved this position in the election by beating John Paul Stevens.
    D．It will take a long time for Kagan to become a Justice on the United States Supreme Court.
    小题2:Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
    A．To take the place of an old Justice，a Justice was elected by the Senate.
    B．There will be four women working in the United States Supreme Court.
    C．Kagan will take a sacred oath before taking part in the election.
    D．No one but a New Yorker can be a Justice of the Supreme Court.
    小题3:What is the main idea of Paragraph 5?
    A．Kagan is a born lawyer.
    B．It is about Kagan’s biography.
    C．Kagan’s character is fit for her job.
    D．Kagan has worked for two Presidents.
    小题4:This text must be taken from ________.
    A．a storybook
    B．a textbook
    C．a newspaper
    D．a biography of famous people

    小题1:B
    小题2:A
    小题3:B
    小题4:C

    小题1:　B
    解析　推理判断题。由文章首句可知，成为美国最高法院大法官是艾琳娜·卡根一直以来的梦想。
    小题2:　A
    解析　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句，由于前法官退休，美国参议院不得不选举一名新法官接替他的位置，才会有艾琳娜·卡根当选。
    小题3:　B
    解析　段落大意题。第五段全面介绍了卡根的生平，因此B项最具概括性。
    小题4:　C
    解析　推理判断题。根据文章内容和题材的时效性可推断出这篇文章来自报纸。
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    While small may be beautiful，tall is just plain uncomfortable it seems，particularly when it comes to staying in hotels and eating in restaurants.
    The Tall Persons Club Great Britain (TPCGB)，which was formed six months ago to campaign for the needs of the tall，has turned its attention to hotels and restaurants.Beds that are too small，shower heads that are too low，and restaurant tables with hardly any leg­room all make life difficult for those of above average height，it says.
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    小题1:What is the purpose of the TPCGB campaign?
    A．To provide better services.
    B．To rebuild hotels and restaurants.
    C．To draw public attention to the needs of the tall.
    D．To attract more people to become its members.
    小题2:Which of the following might be a bed of proper length according to Phil Heinricy?
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    小题3:What may happen to restaurants with small tables?
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    B．They may start businesses elsewhere.
    C．They have to find easy chairs to match the tables.
    D．They have to provide enough space for the long­legged.
    小题4:What change has already been made in a hotel in Edinburgh?
    A．Tall people pay more for larger beds.
    B．6′6″ beds have taken the place of 6′3″ beds.
    C．Special rooms are kept for Americans.
    D．Guest rooms are standardized.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

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    小题1:What is special about a mammalian social group according to the passage?
    A．All the individuals cooperate to hunt.
    B．The individuals can communicate with each other.
    C．The individuals can recognize each other.
    D．The individuals form closer relationship.
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    小题3:Animals whose area of the neocortex is large________.
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    小题4:If the neocortex is larger，the animals________.
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    B．have a smaller social group
    C．have a larger social group
    D．have a greater body size

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

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    小题3:
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    小题4:
    A．threw outB．gave away
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    小题6:
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    小题11:
    A．without B．with
    C．behindD．beside
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    A．follow B．admire
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    小题15:
    A．madeB．held
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    A．buildingsB．mountains
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    小题20:
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Don’t you just love ice skating every winter？I am sure，that since winter is approaching，your skates are set to come out，just waiting to be used.Impress your friends with your new trick on how to ice­skate backwards with the help of these tips.Skating backwards on ice is a bit difficult but once you master the basic，there’s nothing like it.Follow the steps given below and you will be able to skate backwards in no time.
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    Maintain Speed
    Confident now？Great！Now the next step is to maintain your speed.While rolling in a straight line with one skate，with the other try sculling(划桨)，that is，keep pushing yourself backwards with an outwards stroke(滑动)．Now bring the skate which you were using to scull，and then again，repeat the same process.Make sure that you put most of your weight on the skate which is moving straight and not the one with which you are sculling.Now，try the same thing using the other foot.Again keep doing this till you are confident enough.
    Increase Your Speed Now
    Once you are confident that you can scull with either foot，the next thing that you have to do is increase your speed.Try some of your own tricks now.Scull with either foot or with both at the same time.
    Scull and Be Aware
    While you keep one foot straight，keep sculling with the other.You can do that simultaneously with both feet.Concentrate on what you are doing but don’t get so involved，that you don’t see where you are going.If you are not watching your back，you might just bang against something or someone.
    小题1:According to the text confidence comes from ______.
    A．high speedB．strict coaches
    C．constant exerciseD．good techniques
    小题2:Which is the right order of ice­skating backwards?
    a．Increasing your speed.
    b．Being able to scull with one foot.
    c．Being about to stand straight.
    d．Trying some different tricks.
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    C．a→c→b→dD．c→b→a→d
    小题3:In order to keep balance when skating backwards you should ________.
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    B．use both your feet to scull
    C．skate forward first and then backward
    D．put most of your weight on the skate with which you are sculling
    小题4:The purpose of the text is ________.
    A．to compare different ways of ice­skating backwards
    B．to introduce the culture of ice­skating backwards
    C．to explain advantages of ice­skating backwards
    D．to offer some advice on ice­skating backwards

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    It had been a long，hard，wonderful day.The two of us had walked from the sea’s edge through the length of a beautiful valley，climbed a superb mountain，travelled its narrow，rocky ridge(山脊)，and now stood on its final peak，tired，happy and looking for the perfect campsite.
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    小题1:The writer and his companion knew there was a pool because ________.
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    B．they could see it on the map
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    D．they could see it from the top of the mountain
    小题2:What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
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    C．The mountain.D．The campsite.
    小题3:How did the writer and his companion feel at the end of the day?
    A．They were too tired to put up their tent.
    B．They wished they could have found a farm.
    C．They were anxious about the coming weather.
    D．They were delighted with the spot they’d found.
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    A．It is more than just a practical aid.
    B．He walks better when he is wearing it.
    C．It is not a good idea to leave it anywhere.
    D．He might die on the mountains without it.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Handshaking, though a European practice is often seen in big cities of China. Nobody knows exactly when the practice started in Europe. It is said that long long ago in Europe when people met, they showed their unarmed(无武器的) hands to each other as a sign of friendship. As time went on and trade in cities grew rapidly, people in cities began to clap each other's hands to make a deal or to reach an agreement. This practice was later changed into shaking hands among friends on meeting or leaving each other. "Let's shake (hands) on it" sometimes means agreement reached.
    Do the Europeans shake hands wherever they go and with whomever they meet? No. Sometimes the Chinese abroad reach out their hands too often to be polite. It is really very impolite to give your hand when the other party, especially when it is a woman, shows little interest in shaking hands with you and when the meeting does not mean anything to him or-her. Even if, for politeness, he holds out his unwilling hand in answer to your uninvited hand, just touch it slightly. There is generally a misunderstanding(误解) among the Chinese that westerners are usually open and straightforward, while the Chinese are rather reserved(保守的) in manner. But in fact some people in western countries are more reserved than some Chinese today. So it is a good idea to shake hands with a westerner only when he shows interest in further relations with you.
    小题1:In the old days in Europe, people put out their unarmed hands to each other ______.
    A．to make a dealB．to greet each other
    C．to show friendlinessD．to reach an agreement
    小题2:The first paragraph mainly tells us ______.
    A．where handshaking was first practised
    B．how handshaking came about
    C．about the relationship between handshaking and trade
    D．about the practice of handshaking both in Europe and in China
    小题3: According to the text, which of the following statements is true?
    A．Westerners are more reserved than the Chinese.
    B．Westerners are unwilling to shake hands.
    C．We should make a judgement before shaking hands.
    D．We shouldn't shake hands with European women.
    小题4:The main purpose of the text is ______.
    A．to tell us some differences between the East and the West
    B．to offer us some important facts about handshaking
    C．to introduce us to some different customs in the West
    D．to give us some advice before we travel abroad

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Today’s youth seem content to take the easy route and enjoy the ride of life. When tough situations arise, they often get annoyed and complain. How you live your teen years will have a profound influence on the rest of your life.
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    小题1:The purpose of the second paragraph is to show that    .
    A．one must overcome bad habits at first
    B．all leaders have the mentioned leadership characteristics
    C．the earlier and the more you develop leadership characteristics, the better it is
    D．one must know how to apply the mentioned leadership characteristics first
    小题2:Not everyone can be a leader because______.
    A．they are lazyB．they don’t learn
    C．they don’t have the qualities mentionedD．they don’t develop their abilities
    小题3:What does the underlined sentence mean?
    A．Everyone can be a leader all the time.
    B．Everyone can not be a leader all the time.
    C．Nobody can be a top leader all the time.
    D．Nobody can not be a leader all the time.
    小题4:What is the best title for this passage?
    A．Learn to be a leader.B．Everyone can be a leader.
    C．Leadership characteristics.D．Leadership is something that is learned.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    A carefree summer vacation can be yours with these easy tips．
    1．Fly into Alternate Airports
    Most major destinations are served by more than one airport．Flying into a less popular one can result in cheaper tickets．Another added perk of quieter airports? Shorter check-in and security lines，and less waiting around．
    2．Use Public Transportation for City Travel to Save Time and Money
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    3．Eat Smart，Explore…and Save
    Look for ways to take your order in pricey restaurants and you can avoid “Are we about to run out of money?”“Don’t order an appetizer．Don’t drink a lot of booze，” says DiScala．
    Also，cover more ground by spreading out your snack places．“Have dessert at a café or ice cream stand, instead of at the dinner restaurant，” suggests DiScala．You’ll see more of the city and decisions about where to go for dinner will be less worrying．
    4．Hit the Market
    Much like reading the local newspaper，visiting a market gives context to a foreign country．
    Even the smallest villages tend to have a weekly open-air market(often on Saturday mornings) , while in larger towns and cities，expect additional market days，as well as big supermarkets．
    Markets also sell amazing，wallet-friendly souvenirs．Think about sea salt，local spices or sauces，and regional oils and vinegars． Eatable gifts are almost always appreciated，saving you the stress of finding the“perfect”gift for each person on your list．
    小题1:The passage aims to tell the readers how to________．
    A．take a plane without waiting for long
    B．spend your holidays abroad economically
    C．eat in a pricey restaurant at the smallest expense
    D．save money to buy eatable gifts in a foreign market
    小题2:What does the underlined word“perk” in Line 4 mean?
    A．Special benefit．B．Strict standard．
    C．Common scene．D．Extra trouble．
    小题3:Which of the following will best help you save time and money?
    A．Choosing a bigger airport．B．Visiting local markets．
    C．Having dinner at the hotel．D．Taking an express train．
    小题4:What can be inferred from the passage?
    A．Having coffee at a cafe will cost more money．
    B．Souvenirs bought at local markets are expensive．
    C．You will run out of your money if you eat out．
    D．Markets help you understand your tourist destination．

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