Water Safety
To rescue a drowning person, don't jump into the water unless you are a trained lifesaver. The victim(受害者) may pull you under.
Instead, try to toss (抛) a life preserver if you have one. Anything that will float can save the person's life. A beach ball, a vacuum jug, or a picnic chest will also help. The National Safety Council points out that many drownings could be prevented if people knew all the common objects that float well enough to help a drowning person.
If you are in a boat, or you can find one, use the boat to try to reach the person in trouble. Turn the boat so the victim can grab the stern(船尾). Don't stand up to help the victim. Stay seated so the boat won't overturn. Try to balance the boat as the person climbs aboard. If the boat overturns, stay hanging on to the side for a while to relax before trying to right it.
5. What kind of things should you throw to a person in trouble in the water?
A. A stone.
B. A heavy box.
C. Something that floats well enough.
D. Something large and heavy.
6. Which sentence belongs to the box?
A. Jump into the water and swim to him(her).
B. Paddle(用桨划) the boat towards the coast.
C. Stand up and shout for help.
D. Turn the rear(后部) of the boat towards the person in the water.
7. The first paragraph helps the reader understand why ________.
A. there are so few drowning accidents
B. people are often drowned themselves when they try to save a drowning person
C. so many drowning people are able to save themselves
D. it is important to drink plenty of water
8. Where would you be most likely to find a passage like this?
A. In a encyclopedia (百科全书).
B. In a humorous story about a couple who sail around the world.
C. In a newspaper account of the National Cup sailing competition.
D. In a guidebook.
名师金手指领衔课时系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：2012－2013学年山东省高一下学期第三次模拟考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Imagine your body is like the house you live in．Every day, your family creates rubbish．The rubbish builds up until it is put out for the weekly garbage collection．
Now, say you put three bags of garbage out, but because one of the collectors was away sick, only two bags are collected．You take the leftover bag inside to be put out again next week．The following week you put on another three bags, plus the leftover bag from last week．But again, only two bags are collected．Imagine this cycle is repeated over the following weeks．
This is a simple description of what happens to your body when your kidneys （肾脏）don't work efficiently．Your body is not thoroughly emptied of waste products．Other areas of the body such as blood pressure and red blood cell production are affected and the insidious process that may lead to kidney failure begins．
It's not uncommon for people to lose up to 90% of their kidney function before developing any symptoms．There may be no warning signs. This makes early detection （诊查）difficult．
Kidney's main job is to remove toxins（毒素） and unwanted water from our blood．Every day our kidneys clean an average of 200 litres of blood．Kidney failure may be a gradual and silent process, going unnoticed because there is no obvious pain．
Research shows that more than 35% of the patients requiring dialysis（透析）do not see a kidney specialist before they have to do so．Some risk factors for kidney disease such as age and genetic make-up are out of our control; however, some changes in lifestyle may help prevent kidney damage．Two major risk factors for kidney disease, diabetes （糖尿病）and high blood pressure, have been on the rise over the last few decades．Both conditions are chiefly affected by being overweight and not getting enough exercises, which are the potential (潜在的) risk factors for the kidney disease．
1.The author gives the example of the house we live in to indicate that ______．
A．it doesn't matter much if the waste in our body is not emptied in time
B．our body will not produce any waste if our kidneys work efficiently
C．it's important for our body to empty the waste in time every day
D．it's safe and harmless for our body to keep some waste
2.The underlined word “insidious” in Paragraph 3 means .
A．smooth and safe B．apparent and fast
C．gradual and unnoticed D．long and painful
3.We can infer that when we find some symptoms related to our kidneys, .
A．the kidney failure begins
B．the kidneys can still work properly
C．we have lost about 10% of kidney function
D．the kidneys may have been seriously damaged
4.How many risk factors of kidney disease are mentioned in the passage?
A．Six. B．Five. C．Four. D．Two.
5.Which of the following helps prevent kidney damage most effectively?
A．Go to see a kidney specialist shortly before dialysis starts.
B．Take enough exercise and make early detection of kidney disease.
C．Try to keep low blood pressure and a stable lifestyle.
D．Go to hospital whenever you find any warning signs.
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科目：高中英语 来源：广东省2009-2010学年度高一下学期单元测试卷（英语） 题型：其他题
五.语法填空 (15分)
Backpacking is a popular activity in the United States. Many different companies produce goods and equipment for those___1___ enjoy living for a while in nature. Several companies sell special foods, some of ___2____ have been produced using a method that removes the water. This method is called freez-drying. These meals include different foods such as meat, vegetables and rice or perhaps a ____3____ (mix) of several foods.
Hot water is added to the ___4_____ (dry) materal to replace the missing water. This produces a meal that ____5____ ready to eat. Backpackers use this method to carry food for two reasons. The food is easy to carry because it weighs a lot less ____6____ the water. And food that has been freeze-dried ___7____ (remain ) safe to eat for a long time.
Also, many companies produce special clothing for people who enjoy backpacking. Some companies make strong shoes made for walking and hiking. ____8____ make small stoves for cooking food. Other companies make small lightweight cloth tents campers can carry anywhere
____9______( convenience ). A few companies sell equipment that makes water safe to drink. And ___10______ number of companies make the backpacks that campers use to carry all this equipment.
1. _________ 2. ____________ 3. ______________ 4. ____________ 5. __________
6. _________ 7. ____________ 8. ______________ 9. ____________ 10.__________
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：
五.语法填空
Backpacking is a popular activity in the United States. Many different companies produce goods and equipment for those___1___ enjoy living for a while in nature. Several companies sell special foods, some of ___2____ have been produced using a method that removes the water. This method is called freez-drying. These meals include different foods such as meat, vegetables and rice or perhaps a ____3____ (mix) of several foods.
Hot water is added to the ___4_____ (dry) materal to replace the missing water. This produces a meal that ____5____ ready to eat. Backpackers use this method to carry food for two reasons. The food is easy to carry because it weighs a lot less ____6____ the water. And food that has been freeze-dried ___7____ (remain ) safe to eat for a long time.
Also, many companies produce special clothing for people who enjoy backpacking. Some companies make strong shoes made for walking and hiking. ____8____ make small stoves for cooking food. Other companies make small lightweight cloth tents campers can carry anywhere
____9______( convenience ). A few companies sell equipment that makes water safe to drink. And ___10______ number of companies make the backpacks that campers use to carry all this equipment.
1. _________ 2. ____________ 3. ______________ 4. ____________ 5. __________
6. _________ 7. ____________ 8. ______________ 9. ____________ 10.__________
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
第四部分 任务型阅读 (共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)
请认真阅读下列短文, 并根据所读内容在文章后表格的空格处里填人最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格填1个单词。
There’re seven oceans across most of the earth's surface. But they contain saltwater, unfit for human consumption. Only a tiny part of the world's water – about 2.5 percent – is drinkable. That still would be an enough supply if it were clean and available where needed. However, it's not.
Today some 1.2 billion people lack access to safe drinking water and 2.6 billion lack proper waste water treatment. As a result, polluted water supplies are blamed for the worldwide deaths of 1.8 million children, according to the United Nation's Human Development Report for 2006.That means 4,900 children under 5 years old died per day.
What's more, children worldwide miss 443 million days of school each year because of water-related illnesses. The UN also estimates that half of the world's hospital beds are occupied by patients suffering from water-borne diseases.
Beyond that, millions of people (almost always women) in different parts of the world spend hours per day carrying water up to several miles for their family's needs because no source is close at hand.
Since 1992, the UN has sponsored(倡议) World Water Day, observed on March 22, to raise awareness of the need to protect and improve access to clean water supplies.
"When the well is dry, then we know the worth of water," said Benjamin Franklin, long before today's water challenges.
It's clear that competition for water "will intensify(加剧) in the decades ahead," said Kemal Dervis, administrator of the United Nations Development Program in its 2006 report. "Water is the fundamental resource, crossing borders through rivers, lakes – a fact that points to the potential for cross-border tensions in water-stressed regions."
Growing populations, are using up water resources, and climate change is expected to worsen the problem as it changes rainfall patterns. A new UN study shows that as temperatures have gone up, the world's glaciers(冰川) have been decreasing at fast rates and may disappear entirely within a few decades. China, India, and the West Coast of the United States are among populous places that rely on glaciers for their water supply. Glaciers feed some of the world's great rivers, which serve billions of people.
One of the UN's Millennium Development Goals, established in 2000, is to cut in half by the year 2015 the population unable to reach or afford safe drinking water. Achieving that goal is "critically important," says UN Secretary-General Ban Ki Moon. "When you look at the health and development challenges faced by the poorest of the world's population, the common sticking point often turns out to be water." Governments and private groups are working hard to solve the problem as well.
| Title | A Mighty Global Thirst |
| Facts | Drinkable water (1)_____up only 2.5 percent of the world’s water. Safe drinking water is not(2) ________to some 1.2 billion people. 2.6 billion people are (3)_______ of proper wastewater treatment. 1.8 million children died from polluted water supplies in 2006. Children worldwide are (4)________from school for 443 million days because of water-related illness. Water-borne diseases keep people in half of the world’s hospital beds. Millions of people spend hours per day carrying water a long distance to meet their family needs. |
| Purpose of the UN’s sponsoring World Water Day | To make people more (5)______ of the need to protect and improve access to clean water supplies. |
| (6)_______ of the global thirst | Water pollution Growing (7)__________ |
| Potential threat | Climate change, which may result in the (8)________ of glaciers in the near future. |
| Efforts | The UN aims to cut in half by the year 2015 the population having no (9)______ to safe drinking water. Governments and private groups are trying to work out a (10)______ to the problem. |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
The United States Department of Agriculture has a program called Wildlife Services. Its job is to help protect agricultural and other resources from threats and damage by wildlife. Often that means helping farmers deal with unwelcome visitors. This organization has experts from different fields and it has set up thousands of inquiry agencies all over the country where farmers can explain their difficulty and get practical help.
One example from Wildlife Services of its work involved a farmer in Washington State, in the Pacific Northwest. Several years ago, thousands of Canada geese landed on his fields. The geese began to eat his carrot crop. Biologists from the program suggested that the farmer use noise-making devices and other measures to scare the large birds away. These efforts apparently succeeded, which made the farmer quite happy.
Wildlife Services also has a livestock(牲畜) protection program. The program just offers suggestions to keep those unwelcome visitors away instead of killing them. The Wildlife Services program is part of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, or APHIS. APHIS offers some suggestions of ways to keep away predators (食肉动物).For example, try to keep food and water safe from wildlife. Fences may help keep out coyotes(丛林狼), especially if the fences are at least two meters high. For best results, the bottom of the fence should extend about fifteen centimeters into the ground.
Experts suggest providing secure shelter for chickens, sheep and other animals that could be attacked. The experts also suggest using lights above places where animals are kept. And they advise people who see coyotes around their property to chase them away by shouting, making loud noises or throwing rocks. For home gardeners, a two-meter fence might help keep out deer. To keep out rabbits, a wire fence has to be only about a half-meter high. It should extend fifteen centimeters underground to keep rabbits from digging under it. If snakes are a problem, remove dead trees and cut high grass to destroy their hiding places. And to protect livestock, consider using guard animals such as dogs and donkeys, which are very effective. Due to its effective work, ever since the Wildlife Services was started, it has been well received by farmers all over the States and neighboring countries such as Canada and Mexico.
52. The underlined phrase “unwelcome visitors” in the first paragraph refers to ______.
A. animals that attack the farmers
B. people who don’t care about wildlife
C. animals that do harm to the crops or livestock
D. people who pollute the environment of the farms
53. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that ____.
A. the farmer didn’t have a gun to kill those Canada geese
B. Wildlife Services involves some biologists in its group
C. the cabbage crop was eaten up by the Canada geese
D. the farmers like to eat Canada geese very much
54. What is mainly discussed in the last two paragraphs?
A. Ways to protect livestock. B. Ways to deal with coyotes.
C. How to protect crops. D. How to find wildlife.
55. The bottom of the fence should extend about 15 centimeters into the ground because ____.
A. coyotes can climb over it easily B. the strong wind might blow it away
C. snakes can cross it from under the ground D. rabbits may enter by digging holes under it
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