Over time, the custom of kissing developed as a way for adults to express their love and affection for one another. The roots of this form of affection can be traced back to primitive times, when mothers fondled their children, much as mothers do today.
Much later, in the sixth century, society apparently accepted the custom of kissing between adults as an expression of their affection. Not surprisingly, France first accepted kissing in courtship (求爱). There, figure dancing was popular, and each dance was sealed with a kiss.
The custom of kissing swept from France through Europe to Russia, where Russian nobility loved to imitate the French. Eventually, the kiss was incorporated into marriage ceremonies, and today lip locks couples into sweet matrimony.
The custom of kissing today, as well as in ancient times, serves to pay homage to another. Early Romans kissed each other on the mouth or on the eyes to greet one another in a manner they thought to be dignified. One Roman emperor even ranked a person's importance by the body part he was allowed to kiss. He allowed important nobles to kiss his lips, less important ones to kiss his hands, and the least important ones to kiss his feet.
In Russia, the highest sign of recognition from the Crown meant a kiss from the Tsar himself. Today, natives of many African tribes pay homage to their Chief by kissing the ground over which he has walked.
【小题1】What’s mainly talked about in the passage?
| A．The way to express love and respect. | B．The expression of affection. |
| C．The custom of kissing. | D．The function of kissing. |
| A．recognition | B．respect | C．importance | D．loyalty |
| A．kissing is a widely accepted way to show love and affection |
| B．kissing used to be a proper way to show love on the wedding ceremony |
| C．kissing is a widely accepted way of greeting in the world |
| D．kissing from the Tsar is only sign of being accepted from the Crown |
| A．It was France that made the custom of kissing go to the whole world. |
| B．Early Africans kissed each other on the mouth or on the eyes to greet one another. |
| C．One Roman emperor allowed important nobles to kiss his nose. |
| D．Russian nobility followed the custom of kissing from the French. |
| A．mothers created the custom of kissing |
| B．kissing means differently on different occasions |
| C．figure dancing was usually sealed with a kiss in Russia |
| D．society found it hard to accept kissing in public in the sixth century |
【小题1】C
【小题2】B
【小题3】A
【小题4】D
【小题5】B
解析试题分析：文章介绍kissing 的历史以及在各地的习俗，一般情况kissing都是表示爱意，也有时表示尊敬。不同场合，kissing 意义也不同。
【小题1】主旨题：从第一段的句子Over time, the custom of kissing developed as a way for adults to express their love and affection for one another.和全文可知：kissing 的历史以及在各地的习俗表现是文章的主线。选C
【小题2】猜词题：由下文举例One Roman emperor even ranked a person's importance by the body part he was allowed to kiss. 可知：kissing 可用以表达对对方的尊敬。选B
【小题3】细节题：从第一段的句子Over time, the custom of kissing developed as a way for adults to express their love and affection for one another.可知kissing是表达爱意的方式，选A
【小题4】细节题：从第三段第一句The custom of kissing swept from France through Europe to Russia, where Russian nobility loved to imitate the French.关键词“imitate”模仿，可判断俄罗斯人是向法国人学习的亲吻的方式， D 项正确。
【小题5】推理题：通览全文和最后一段的内容可知：不同时期，不同场合，kissing 意义不同。选B
考点： 考查社会生活类短文
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
If your boss asks you to work in Moscow this year, he’d better offer you more money to do so — or even double that depending on where you live now. That’s because Moscow has just been found to be the world’s most expensive city for the second year in a row by Mercer Human Resources Consulting.
Using the cost of living in New York as a base, Mercer determined Moscow is 34.4 percent more expensive including the cost of housing, transportation, food, clothing, household goods and entertainment(娱乐).
A two-bedroom flat in Moscow now costs $4,000 a month; a CD $24.83, and an international newspaper $6.30, according to Mercer. By comparison, a fast food meal with a hamburger (汉堡包) is a steal at $4.80.
London takes the No.2 place, up from No.5 a year ago, thanks to higher cost of housing and a stronger British pound relative to the dollar. Mercer estimates (估算) London is 26 percent more expensive than New York these days. Following London closely are Seoul and Tokyo, both of which are 22 percent more expensive than New York, while No.5 Hong Kong is 19 percent more costly.
Among North American cities, New York and Los Angeles are the most expensive and are the only two listed in the top 50 of the world’s most expensive cities. But both have fallen since last year’s study — New York came in 15th, down from 10th place, while Los Angeles fell to 42nd from 29th place a year ago. San Francisco came in a distant third at No. 54, down 20 places from a year earlier.
Toronto, meanwhile, is Canada’s most expensive city but fell 35 places to take 82nd place worldwide. In Australia, Sydney is the priciest place to live in and No. 21 worldwide.
【小题1】 What do the underlined words “a steal” in Paragraph 3 mean?
| A．an act of stealing | B．something very cheap |
| C．something delicious | D．an act of buying |
| A．the high cost of clothing |
| B．its expensive transportation |
| C．the stronger pound against the dollar |
| D．the high prices of fast food meals |
| A．Sydney. | B．Hong Kong. | C．Moscow. | D．Tokyo. |
| A．Toronto. | B．Los Angeles. | C．San Francisco. | D．New York. |
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The United Nations is warning that the world is not prepared to deal with the fast growth of cities. The World Economic and Social Survey 2013 calls for new ways to meet the needs of city populations. More than 6.5 billion people are expected to be living in cities by 2050.
Most new city dwellers will be in developing countries. The United Nations says the effect on limited resources in many countries will be huge. The World Economic and Social Survey points to the increasing demand for energy, water, sanitation, public services, education and health care.
The world population is expected to rise to more than nine billion by 2050, two-thirds of all people are expected to live in cities. The United Nations says about 80 percent of this growing urban population will be found in Africa and Asia.
The report says sustainable development of urban areas requires coordination and investments to deal with important issues, these include land-use, food security, job creation and transportation.
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UN officials say some things are clear. The Assistant Secretary-General for Economic Development, Shamshad Akhtar, says world food production will have to increase by 70%, that increase will be needed to feed the additional 2.3 billion people expected on the planet by the middle of the century. She says an important part of meeting that need is to waste less food. "There has to be efforts to reduce food wastage. ."
Food and nutrition security are core elements of the sustainable development agenda.
【小题1】The survey includes the following statements except that ______.
| A．varieties of demands are hard to meet because of the increasing population in Africa and Asia. |
| B．one way to put an end to poverty is to be able to develop for a long time. |
| C．transportation is an important issue to deal with when it comes to sustainable development of urban areas. |
| D．hundreds of millions of people around the world are affected by the problem of food insecurity. |
| A．cities grow so fast that the world can’t find out new ways to deal with the growing population. |
| B．the growing city dwellers who mainly come from the developing countries greatly challenge limited resources in the world. |
| C．sustainable development of urban areas requires coordination and investments to deal with important issues |
| D．food wastage is an effective way to feed the additional 2.3 biilion people by the middle of the century. |
| A．The World Economic and Social Survey 2013. |
| B．City Population Will Increase to 9 Billion. |
| C．Cities Need to Cooperate with Rural Areas. |
| D．The World Is Not Prepared to Deal with the Fast Growth of Cities. |
| A．a textbook | B．a travel guide | C．a novel | D．a newspaper |
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In all, Neidorf gave $13,000 to Operation Mend. He also encouraged his friends to donate to the cause. He is the organization’s youngest donor so far.
Operation Mend is a privately funded program that works in partnership with the UCLA Medical Center. Ron Katz, a board member at the hospital, started the program in 2006 after seeing a TV programme about Aaron Mankin, a veteran who had gone through dozens of surgeries after a fight in Iraq which completely burned off his face.
Mankin ended up being Operation Mend’s first patient, starting the first of 20 reconstructive facial surgeries at UCLA in Sept. 2007. In a 2011 interview, Katz shared how his experience of helping Mankin made him realize the need to establish a more permanent program. “My wife and I soon realized that there were dozens of Aarons out there,” Katz said. “They deserve the best that we offer them.”
【小题1】Neidorf decided to help veterans because ________.
| A．he benefited from Operation Mend | B．he was afraid of burned faces |
| C．he thought they deserved help | D．he didn’t know how to spend money |
| A．Neidorf donated part of his birthday money |
| B．the Neidorfs signed up to be Dahlman’s “buddy family” |
| C．Ron Katz saw a TV programme about a veteran |
| D．Mankin was successfully operated on at UCLA |
| A．the process of Mankin’s surgery | B．how Operation Mend was set up |
| C．how Katz became famous | D．veterans are respected by people |
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【小题1】Critical thinking is important to us because if we do not think critically,__________.
| A．it will be hard for us to think naturally and fast |
| B．we will follow the ideas of others naturally |
| C．we might be controlled by other people's ideas |
| D．we might be fooled by other people's ideas |
| A．criticize other people for their mistakes | B．trust the reports in the newspapers |
| C．take one view against another view | D．think deeply about different ideas |
| A．the smarter you are, the faster you do things |
| B．intelligence is not decided by speed |
| C．speed can improve intelligence |
| D．the faster you do things, the smarter you become |
| A．Understanding Critical Thinking | B．Thinking and Critical Thinking |
| C．Thinking Natural and Human | D．Thinking Fast Means Intelligence |
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The introvert feels very lonely in a crowd, but this could happen to the outgoing as well.
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【小题1】What is the best title of the passage?
| A．What is the character of the introvert? |
| B．Why do people feel lonely in a crowd? |
| C．How can we make ourselves calm down in a crowd? |
| D．What do you do when you suddenly feel lonely in a crowd? |
| A．serious | B．excited | C．outgoing | D．nervous |
| A．the writer is good at getting along with others |
| B．the writer does not like to deal with people from other regions |
| C．the writer sometimes does not feel very comfortable in the crowd |
| D．the writer has double personality when faced with different types of people |
| A．making a call | B．making excuses |
| C．holding his breath | D．deep breathing |
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Beyond its personal importance to us, persuasion is necessary to society. The right to persuade and be persuaded is the bedrock of the American political system, guaranteed by the First Amendment to the Constitution.
【小题1】According to the passage, persuasion means ________.
| A．changing others’ points of view |
| B．exercising power over other people |
| C．getting other people to consider your point of view |
| D．getting people to agree with you and do what you want |
| A．win | B．fail | C．speak | D．listen |
| A．a danger to society | B．difficult to do well |
| C．unwelcome behavior | D．never successful |
| A．how people persuade |
| B．why people persuade |
| C．that persuasion is both good and bad |
| D．that persuasion is important and it is all around us |
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You’re finishing up your history homework when your cell phone rings. You’ve got 30 minutes to reach head-quarters, get your equipment packed and receive your task. There’s a lost hiker in the mountains near the edge of town. Your task: find the missing person; provide emergency medical treatment, if necessary; and be prepared to operate 48 hours on your own with only the supplies you carry.
Sounds like some kind of film’s plot? Not if you’re a member of the Arapahoe teen rescue patrol in the suburbs of Denver. About 25 teen guys and girls are active members of this search, rescue and emergency organization, and they know firsthand that you don’t have to be an adult to save lives.
These 9th-through-12th graders are the real deal when it comes to emergency services. In fact, they’re the only teen-commanded patrol in the nation. Sure they have adult advisers to turn to if necessary, but in the field it’s a teen patrol officer calling the shots — sometimes even giving direction to adults.
Members are trained in rock-high-angle，swift-water and avalanche rescue (雪崩施行营救), winter and alpine operation , wilderness life support and emergency care, among other skills. They also regularly ride along with the local fire and police departments, providing support such as security details and evidence searching.
When asked what qualities make a good patrol member, founder and president Stan Bush named good physical conditioning and an interest in helping people. “We put in lots and lots of hours helping people in trouble,” he says. “So if a person is not really interested in doing that kind of thing, he won’t last as a member.”
【小题1】In the first paragraph, the author describes ______.
| A．a plot in some kind of film | B．a teen patrol member’s life |
| C．an emergency rescue | D．a lost hiker in trouble |
| A．They are trained to have many special skills. |
| B．They also work with local firemen and policemen. |
| C．They turn to adults for help sometimes. |
| D．They think they can save lives only when growing up. |
| A．be strong and interested in offering help |
| B．be a 9th-through-12th grader |
| C．finish your history homework first |
| D．spend many hours helping people first |
| A．What qualities make a good patrol member? |
| B．The Arapahoe teen rescue patrol |
| C．How to become a rescue patrol member |
| D．Skills a rescue patrol member needs |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
To help make the most of your experience at Auckland Zoo we suggest:
Plan Your Day:
Plan your day to learn more about your favorite zoo animals.
Don’t forget your camera – the best way to capture your visit forever.
Keep Safe at the Zoo:
Children aged 12 years and under need to be accompanied (陪同) by a caregiver.
To keep the safety of our animals, any throwing games are not permitted in the zoo grounds.
The zoo animals are not trained. Do not enter any enclosure (围场), or put any part of your body into an enclosure.
There are a number of natural waterways at the zoo, so please take care of your children at all times.
General Information:
Check out the weather before you come. In winter we suggest you bring a jacket and an umbrella, and in summer, be sure to bring sunscreen and a hat.
Every zoo animal enjoys its own specific: well-balanced food. We hope that you enjoy some great food treats on your zoo visit, but please do not feed any of our animals. Our keepers work strictly on this.
Feel free to take personal photos and make videos. However, any commercial photography or filming needs written permissions from zoo management.
Not all animals are permitted in the zoo grounds. We welcome people with guide dogs, but they must contact us ahead of time about their visit. Please phone the Zoo Information Center on +64(0)9-360-3805.
Smoking is not permitted in covered areas.
Auckland Zoo does not allow entry to any unaccompanied children 12 years and under. If the children are found by themselves, the staff do have the right to call the police.
【小题1】When visiting Auckland Zoo, parents should tell their children that _________.
| A．they could play throwing games |
| B．they couldstay close to the animals |
| C．the zoo animals have been well-trained |
| D．it’s dangerous to play near the waterways |
| A．zoo animals enjoy their well-balanced food |
| B．visitors are not allowed to feed animals |
| C．visitors enjoy their own food treats |
| D．children offer food to the zoo animals |
| A．give people some tips on visiting Auckland Zoo |
| B．introduce Auckland Zoo animals |
| C．ask people to stop polluting Auckland Zoo |
| D．attract people to the zoo |
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