精英家教网 > 高中英语 > 题目详情

阅读理解

  From the coldest arctic ice to the hottest deserts you will find mammals living and thriving(兴旺).There seems to be no climate that they can't adapt to, however changeable it may be.Why can mammals adapt to so many different habitats? There is a good reason for this-mammals have the ability to keep their body at a constant temperature whatever the weather.They are “warm-blooded”.

  Mammals achieve this by chemically “burning” their food as fuel inside their bodies.This is kept under tight control by a region of the brain that acts like a thermostat(恒温器), and this makes sure that the mammal's body temperature stays about the same.

  A constant body temperature is a great advantage for mammals because all the chemical processes that go on inside a living body are likely to happen more slowly at low temperatures and faster at higher temperatures.Mammals can regulate their temperature at the best condition for all these processes, allowing them to be active at very cold or very hot periods and to keep up tiring activity for a long time.Animals such as lizards(蜥蜴)rely on moving in and out of the warm sunlight to regulate their body temperature.They slow down when they can't warm up and may die if they can't get away from heat.They also tend to overheat quickly when they are active as their muscles produce warmth.

  Using food energy to keep body temperature constant is expensive, and since mammals need to be efficient at keeping the warmth they create inside themselves, they often have fur and a cover of fat under their skin to prevent heat from escaping.To help lose heat when they are too hot, they have sweat glands(汗腺)that take the heat away from the skin through evaporating(蒸发)water.This means, though, that they need to drink more than other animals.

(1)

Mammals can adapt to so many habitats because ________

[  ]

A.

the climate is unchangeable

B.

they can regulate their body temperature

C.

they are “warm-blooded”

D.

their muscles produce warmth

(2)

When mammals keep their body at a constant temperature, ________

[  ]

A.

the chemical processes happen more slowly in their bodies

B.

the chemical processes happen faster in their bodies

C.

they will use less fuel inside their bodies

D.

they can live an active life

(3)

We can infer from the last paragraph that mammals ________

[  ]

A.

need to drink more than other animals

B.

have different ways of keeping their body temperature

C.

often have fur and fat to prevent heat from escaping

D.

have sweat glands that take the heat away from the skin

(4)

The writer answers the question raised in the first paragraph with ________

[  ]

A.

stories and explanation

B.

examples and conclusion

C.

evidence and argument

D.

explanation and comparison

答案:1.C;2.D;3.B;4.D;
解析:

(1)

细节题。根据第一段“…mammals have the ability to keep their body at a constant temperature…They are ‘warm-blooded’”可知真正的原因是它们是温血动物,而不是因为气候是不变的;它们能有系统地管理自己的体温或它们的肌肉能产生热能。

(2)

细节题。根据第三段“…allowing them to be active at very cold or very hot periods”可知保持恒温能让动物过一种积极的生活。而不是“化学过程在体内运行得慢”,或“化学过程在体内运行得快”或“在体内使用较少的热量”。

(3)

推理判断题。根据最后一段可知动物使身体保持恒温状态有许多种方法,如使用食物能量、利用皮毛脂肪、汗腺等。应选择B项。A项“需要比其他的动物多喝水”,C项“经常使用皮毛和脂肪防止热量消失”只是一部分动物,D项“使用汗腺让热量从皮肤挥发”也只是一部分动物。

(4)

  [解析]归纳判断题。作者在第一段中提出问题,然后紧接着解释,最后通过比较法说明不同的动物有不同的方法来保持恒温,因此可判断本文是采用“解释和比较法”来组织材料的。不是“故事和解释法”,“句子和结论法”或“证据和结论法”。本题稍难。

  [文章大意]无论是严寒的冬季还是酷热的夏天哺乳动物都能很好适应天气的变化,这是因为它们能像人一样能很好地调节体温,使身体始终处于恒温状态,本文就此做了简单说明并介绍了动物的各种“保温”办法。


练习册系列答案
相关习题

科目:高中英语 来源:高一年级上学期期末检测题(三) 题型:050

阅读理解

  Brenda was a young woman who was invited to go rock climbingAlthough she was scared to death, she went with her group to a tremendous granite cliff(花岗岩悬崖)In spite of her fear, she put on the clothes, took a hold on the rope, and started up the face of that rockWell, she got to a ledge where she could take a breathAs she was hanging on there, the safety rope suddenly touched Brenda’s eye and knocked out her contact lens(隐形眼镜)

  Well, here she is on a rock ledge, with hundreds of feet below her and hundreds of feet above herOf course, she looked and looked and looked, hoping it had landed on the ledge, but it just wasn’t thereHere she was, far from home, her sight now blurryShe was desperate and began to get upset, so she prayed to the Lord to help her to find it

  When she got to the top, her friend Helen examined her eye and her clothing for the lens, but there was no contact lens that could be foundShe sat down, discouraged, with the rest of the party, waiting for the rest of them to make it up the face of the cliffShe looked out across range after range of mountains, thinking of that Bible verse that says, The eyes of the Lord run to and fro throughout the whole earth.”

  At the bottom there was a new party of climbers just starting up the face of the cliffOne of them shouted out, Hey, you guys! Anybody lose a contact lens? Well, that would be startling enough, but you know why the climber saw it? An ant was moving slowly across the face of the rock, carrying it

(1)

What is Brenda’s feeling when beginning to climb the cliff?

[  ]

A.

Happy

B.

Desperate

C.

Fearful

D.

Brave

(2)

What happened as she got to a ledge to take a breath?

[  ]

A.

She fell from the cliff

B.

She decided to give up climbing

C.

A rock hit her eyes and knocked her down

D.

The safety rope knocked out her contact lens

(3)

Who found Brenda’s contact lens?

[  ]

A.

Brenda herself

B.

Helen

C.

A member from her climbing party

D.

A member from another climbing party

(4)

Which can be the best title?

[  ]

A.

Brenda and the Cliff

B.

The Ant and the Contact Lens

C.

A Hard Cliff Climbing

D.

A Beautiful Ant

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源:河北省石家庄市2010届高三第二次模拟考试英语试题 题型:050

阅读理解

  It’s easy to laugh now.Ten years ago, companies like Netscape had to explain what“browser”means; the two founders of Google were just ordinary Stanford students.Over the past ten years, the Internet has totally changed everyday life for millions people around the world.Looking back over the last 10 years, the obvious question is:Where will the Internet take us in the future?

  One of the best places to start trying to answer the question is with a man widely known as one of the“fathers of the Internet”, Between 1968 and 1982, Vinton Cerf played an important role in developing the network technology for wider use.In a recent article, Cerf wrote that the believed the Internet would continue to enhance people’s life through sound, video, etc.Interestingly, he also noted with confidence that 90percent of all applications on the Internet had yet to be invented.In the more distant future, Cerf predicted that an interplanetary(星际间)Internet would connect the shuttle, ground stations and other spacecraft.

  Meantime, back on the earth, a survey from the nonprofit Pew Internet and American Life Project from early last year looked at how the internet would affect our lives in 10 years’ time.The study looked at a wide range of topics, and it found some concerns along with the celebration.On the top of list of worries is a cyber(网络)attack.Many Internet experts agree that computer criminals are simply waiting for the right opportunity to strike.According to the Pew study, about 66% Internet users believe at least one devastating(毁灭性的)attack will occur in the next 10 years.Howard Schmidt, Who has worked on security issues at Microsoft company, said,“We will have self-repairing and self-configuring computer systems that can effectively protect one’s computer, so one perform the faction they want,”said Sehmidt.

(1)

What would be the best title for the passage?

[  ]

A.

The Internet:What Causes Cyber attack?

B.

The Internet:What Lies Ahead?

C.

The Internet:A New Revolution.

D.

The Internet:A Bright Future.

(2)

Cerf feels confident of ________.

[  ]

A.

online entertainment equipment application

B.

the connecting between the Internet and space

C.

the much wider application fro the Internet

D.

the rapid development of network technology

(3)

The underlined word“enhance”Probably means ________.

[  ]

A.

improve

B.

provide

C.

distrub

D.

ruin

(4)

The survey suggests that ________.

[  ]

A.

many experts are worried about the wide use of the Internet

B.

most people welcome the changes brought by the Internet

C.

concerns are a necessary part of celebration in everyday life

D.

there are both celebration and worries about the Internet

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源:浙江省临海市杜桥中学2011届高三年级上学期九月底月考试题英语试题 题型:050

阅读理解

  Scott Langteau has this message fro kids:Spend less time playing video games.

  It's a message that many a mom and dad have tried to impress upon many a youngster (and some not-so-youngsters) who spend perhaps a bit too much time with game controllers in hand.

  But the 40-year-old Langteau isn't a parent.He's a experienced at video game-one who played producer on three “Medal of Honor” games and co-founded his own game development company.

  Langteau has just published a children's book called “Sofa Boy,” which tells the story of a kid who spends too much time sitting on the couch with controller held in hand and the rather terrible consequences that follow.

  It's a fairy tale plucked straight from Langteau's own experiences as a lad with a fondness for video games and his own bouts with a bit of game addiction.But first, Langteau would like make one thing clear:“I'm not saying that you shouldn't play video games.I think video games are great, I think they do great things for kids.Instead, Langteau says his book is all about a little something called “moderation.(克制)”

  “It'saboutbeingwellrounded,” he says.“Just like with anything else, we all need to make sure that there's a variety in what we do.”

  Video gamers can be a rather bad-tempered when it comes to accepting criticism about their favorite entertainment.And understandably so.After all, most people who go around talking about the dangers of playing video games tend to be outsiders - people who don't play video games and certainly don't understand that they can be a valuable and healthy form of entertainment.

  But Langteau and “Sofa Boy” seem to be in a unique position to deliver a message of gaming moderation that the young game-savvy masses might actually listen to.After all, this is a man who understands what it means to be a kid with a passion for games.His early experience has taught him a lesson.

(1)

Scott Langteau published “Sofa Boy” to ________.

[  ]

A.

share his great skills on games

B.

warn kids against game addiction

C.

tell about his fairy tale as a kid

D.

deliver a message for games

(2)

Which of the following is TRUE of the book “Sofa Boy”?

[  ]

A.

The book tells of the writer's own story.

B.

The book describes an experienced garner.

C.

The boy in the book wins a medal for games.

D.

The boy in the book is not an addict on games.

(3)

We can learn from the passage that ________.

[  ]

A.

Langteau advises the young to play games within limits

B.

Langteau advises the young not to play games

C.

playing video games ruins the future of kids

D.

playing video games is of no benefit to kids

(4)

By saying “It's about being well rounded” Langteau thinks ________.

[  ]

A.

games do great things for kids

B.

gamers are usually fat and round

C.

games should be viewed from all sides

D.

gamers are to blame for their behaviors

(5)

What topic will be discussed in the following paragraph?

[  ]

A.

His idea to create “Sofa Boy”.

B.

His great achievement in games as a kid.

C.

His hard times to set up his game company.

D.

His enthusiasm for games when he was a small boy.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源:甘肃省嘉峪关市第一中学2011-2012学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题 题型:050

阅读理解:

Advertisements

  HOUSE FOR SALE

  Comfortable family home with a large garden of the north side of the town.

  Three bedrooms, living room, kitchen, bathroom.

  Offer over $35,000.

  JOIN OUR FOOTBALL TEAM

  Boys and girls want to play in local football team.Aged 9~13.

  Meet in Green Park on Fridays at 3 Pm.

  ROOM FOR RENT

  Small room to rent in city center flat above restaurant.

  Newly painted with modern furniture.Near main railway station.

  Buses pass front the door.Phone:3322108.

  SEA VIEW HOLIDAY FLATS/HOTEL

  Set in lovely gardens.

  5 minutes’ walk from beach.

  Children’s playground.

  Enjoy your own cooking in Sea View Holiday Flats.

  All meals free in Sea View Holiday.

(1)

The Browns are looking for a new house.Mr.Brown wants to live in the north of the town near his workplace.Mrs.Brown wants a house with four bedrooms.The Browns’ children don’t care what the house is like as long as the garden is big enough.Why doesn’t the Browns buy the house in the advertisement?

[  ]

A.

it is on the wrong side of the town.

B.

there aren’t enough bedrooms.

C.

there is no dinning room.

D.

the garden is too big.

(2)

Man:why don’t we rent one of the Sea View Holiday Flats for our holiday, Mary? They sound just as good as the Sea View Hotel, and it would be much cheaper.

Mary:there’s one big difference between the flats and the hotel.There would be much less work in the hotel.

Why would Mary rather stay in hotel?

[  ]

A.

They wouldn’t have to cook.

B.

it’s not so expensive

C.

She would enjoy the beautiful gardens.

D.

it’s near the sea.

(3)

Tom:there’s a new football team standing in the village, mum.I’m old enough to play in it.We stop school at half past three, so I’d have plenty of time.

Mum:well, I suppose you could do your homework later.But look, Tom, you haven’t read the advertisement carefully.You can’t possibly play for this team.

Why can’t Tom play for the new football team?

[  ]

A.

He’s not old enough.

B.

Tom hasn’t read the advertisement carefully.

C.

School stops too late.

D.

He has to do his homework.

(4)

Man:I’m looking for a room to rent.It doesn’t matter how big it is.I don’t care what color the walls are or how old the furniture is.I’ve got to study for my exams, so the house must be quiet and near the school.

Girl:there are some advertisements fro houses in the paper.What about this one?

Man:yes…yes…that’s all right.Oh, dear, no, I don’t think it would do.

[  ]

A.

It’s too small.

B.

the color of the walls is wrong.

C.

The man likes old furniture better.

D.

it’s too noisy.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源:湖南省株洲市第二中学2010届高三上学期第三次月考英语试题 题型:051

阅读理解

  Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman.A man goes shopping because he needs something.His purpose is settled and decided in advance.He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration.All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want.If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on proceeds at once.All being well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone’s satisfaction.For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants.In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something else, he offers the nearest he can to the article required.No good salesman brings out such a substitute without least consideration; he does so with skill and polish:“I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size.It happens to be the color you mentioned.”Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is:“This is the right color and may be the right size but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on.”

Now how does a women go about buying clothes?In almost every respect she does so in the opposite way.Her shopping is not often based on need.She has never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only“having a look round”.She is always open to persuasion:indeed she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her, even by what companions tell her.She will try on any number of things.Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her.Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes.They are always on the lookout for the unexpected bargain.Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another, to and fro often retracing her steps, before selecting the dresses she wants to try on.It is a tiresome process, but apparently an enjoyable one.Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.

1.What does a man usually do when he is buying clothes?

2.What does the passage tell us about women shoppers for clothes?

3.What does a man do when he can not get exactly what he wants?

4.Many jokes make fun of women shoppers by saying that

5.What is the most obvious difference between men and women shoppers?

查看答案和解析>>

同步练习册答案