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11.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有10处错误,每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改.
增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧),并在此符号下面写出该加的词.
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉.
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词.
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分.
I am a 18-year-old middle school student.I have been busy in my study and seldom help my parents with the housework.Felt quite sorry for that,I begin to think about what to do to help.
Last Sunday,when my parents went out shopping,I suddenly got an idea:why give the rooms a thoroughly cleaning?Firstly,I collected all the books,newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put it in place.Then I wiped the dust off all the furnitures.After that,I sweep and mopped the floors.
At this very moment,my parents returned back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors shining.My mother gave me a hug and I could see satisfaction in her eyes.Tired although I was,I never felt so happy.

分析 本文作者主要讲述了一件令自己感到很高兴的事情;文中讲到:作为一名十八岁的中学生,由于整天忙于学习,很少帮父母做家务,所以作者很感到内疚;上个星期天,趁父母外出买东西时,作者就突发奇想地为家里做了一次彻底的清洁;后来,当作者看到母亲的反应时,他感到了从来没有过的快乐.

解答 I am a 18-year-old middle school student.I have been busy in my study and seldom help my parents with the housework.Felt quite sorry for that,I begin to think about what to do to help.
Last Sunday,when my parents went out shopping,I suddenly got an idea:why∧give the rooms a thoroughly cleaning?Firstly,I collected all the books,newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put it in place.Then I wiped the dust off all the furnitures.After that,I sweep and mopped the floors.
At this very moment,my parents  returned back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors shining.My mother gave me a hug and I could see satisfaction in her eyes.Tired although I was,I never felt so happy.
详解:
1.将 a改为an   考查不定冠词   此处表示泛指"一名十八岁的中学生",由于eighteen(18)的首字母的发音为元音/ei/,故用an;
2.将 in改为with   考查固定短语的用法"be busy in"与"be busy with"都是"忙于做某事"的意思;前者其后通常接doing,而后者其后通常跟名词;由于此处后接名词"my study"故用with;
3.将 Felt改为Feeling    考查现在分词    此处在句中作原因状语,由于动词feel与其逻辑主语I构成了主谓关系;故用现在分词Feeling;
4.why 后加not   考查固定句型结构     根据上文可知,本句的意思是:我突然有了一个想法:为什么不给房间进行一次彻底的清洁呢?"Why not do…?"意为:为什么不…呢?通常用于给某人提建议;故在why之后加not;  
5.将thoroughly改为thorough  考查形容词   此处用来修饰名词cleaning,故用形容词thorough;
6.将it改为them  考查人称代词    本句的意思是:我把所有的书,报纸和其他散落在房间里的物品收集在一起,并把他们放在了合适的位置;此处在句中作动词 put 的宾语,指代的是"all the books,newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms",故用them;
7.将furnitures改为furniture   考查名词    由于集体名词furniture为不可数名词,不能加s;故用furniture;
8.将 sweep改为swept    考查时态    此处与动词mopped 一起在句中作谓语,根据上文可知,此处讲述的是"Last Sunday"(上个星期天)发生的事情,所以应使用一般过去时;故用swept;
9.去掉back    考查动词return的用法    此处的意思是:我父母回来了; return back意为:回归,归还;由于动词"return=go back"意为"回来,返回";故去掉其后的副词back;
10.将 although改为though或者as     考查连词      虽然连词although可以用于引导让步状语从句,但不能用于倒装句中;故改为though或者as.

点评 短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性试题,主要考查学生对词汇、语法和语篇三要素的把握能力.错误类型一般有:缺词、多词和错词.常见的错误有:1 词法错误,主要包括动词、名词、冠词、形容词、副词、代词和介词等词类误用、同义词混淆使用、固定搭配等方面.解答此类试题时,需要正确分析句子成分,熟练掌握各词类的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等.2 常见句法错误.通常表现为简单句、复合句以及疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和强调句等错误.解答此类试题时,需要掌握各类句子的句式结构及意义用法.3 应在理解文章大意的前提下,进行作答.

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