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    B
    Energy-saving Finns invented the first ice skate more than 5,000 years ago, as a practical method of transport to make getting across frozen lakes less of a struggle.
    The earliest skates would have been blades made from bones and are one of the oldest means of transport ever discovered —they may even have been essential survival tools.
    Researchers at Manchester Metropolitan University have calculated that ice skates would have saved energy by 10 percent, and suggest that they were developed for practical use and were not used for recreation, as they are today.
    They think the most likely birthplace of skating is southern Finland, where there are many icy lakes.
    The scientists have put their theory to the test and made replica（复制品） skates modeled after examples held at the British Museum and the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge.
    Volunteers on ice rinks in the Alps had their heart rates, oxygen intake and skating speeds measured while they skated with the replica skates. From this experiment, re-searchers were able to calculate energy consumption and the efficiency of their skating. They discovered that skating over the land in ancient Fin-land would have saved 10 percent of people’s energy. The result is based on the fact that Finland has the highest concentration of lakes in the world. The ancient Finnish people could benefit more than others from developing this tool for transport.
    In a time and environment in which the balance between energy taken from food and energy required to live was crucial; the least cost of energy might have helped humans survive in extreme conditions.
    45. The first ice skate invented by the Finns was used for _____.
    A. recreation                           B. transportation across lakes 
    C. saving energy                       D. sports
    46. The birthplace of skating might be southern Finland because _____.
    A. there are many icy lakes there  
    B. people need more oxygen to breathe in there
    C. people feel tired easily there   
    D. transportation there is more difficult
    47. Scientists have experimented with replica skates and found that with those skates the ancient
    Finnish people would have _____.
    A. crossed a lot of lakes
    B. saved 10 percent of energy when crossing the lakes
    C. climbed the Alps easily 
    D. otherwise wasted a lot of food and energy
    48. It can be inferred from the story that _____.
    A. the Finnish people were clever enough to invent the practical skates
    B. there were a lot of lakes in ancient Finland
    C. the living conditions were very hard for the ancient Finnish people
    D. it was very cold in ancient times in Finland

    45-48 CABC 
    略
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：完形填空


    第二节任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
    请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
    注意：每空格1个单词。
    When we think about education and language learning, we are most likely to think of books. Although there are lots of language learning methods, many people still prefer to learn only by using books. So what are the advantages of learning a language from a book?
    Here are its advantages: firstly, you can take language books wherever you go conveniently and you can use them whenever you want. Secondly, they are easy to follow because the courses in them are usually planned for you in strict order starting from the most basic concepts to the more complex. Thirdly, if you are unsure of something, you can continue to work on it as quickly as you like. Lastly, books are likely to have a lot of vocabulary and a lot of topics so you will get great value out of a book with lots of materials in it.
    Using books to study a language has disadvantages, too. All textbooks and dictionaries usually include some kind of pronunciation guide. These are helpful when there is no other way to learn, but this can't help you practice your pronunciation. With an audio method, you can compare your pronunciation to that of a native speaker. Besides, some words are spoken faster in one sentence or slower in another, so the pronunciation of a word may change according to the emotion or feeling you want to convey. Also, books can’t actually help you hear the language with its unique rhythms spoken by native speakers. With an audio language learning method, you will be able to hear and understand the language better.
    Therefore, if you can supplemental（补充）your book with some other language tools, such as audio tapes, internet radio or resources such as music or television, you will have a much better chance of understanding the books' pronunciation guide and using it to get a good grasp of the spoken language.
    Title: One of the Language Learning 81.__________— Using Books
    Themes
    		To get a good grasp of the spoken language, we need to combine language learning books with an audio component
    82.__________
    		*It’s 83. __________ and easy to take books with you. You can use them at anytime.
    *It’s easy to 84. __________ books because they are arranged with the most basic information at the start to the more complicated concepts later on.
    *You can take your time with a book and use it at our own pace.
    *You will get great 85. __________ out of a book which 86. __________ lots of materials in it.
    Disadvantages
    		*It can’t help you practice and compare your 87.__________ with that of a native speaker.
    *It can’t help you improve your listening 88. __________.
    89. __________
    		We should use other language learning 90. __________ to help us learn a language properly.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    More teachers are starting off the school year with letters to parents and students to introduce themselves and set a tone (基调) for the year．The letters are a good way to start positive communication with parents, several teachers told Education World．
    “I think it’s professional (专业的)，”said Dorothy Peselli, an English teacher at Sparta High School in Sparta, New Jersay, Peselli, who gives out the letters the first day of school, told Education World．“It gives parents an image of you as a professional．If you start communication off in a positive manner, you will have the parents on your side when you need them．”
    In her letter to parents, Peselli encourages them to call or e-mail her with specific concerns about their children．“I want to work as a team to make sure that your child becomes an independent lifelong learner,” Peselli wrote to parents last September．She also telephones the parents of all her students at the beginning of the year．
    Peselli includes with the letter a classroom handbook (手册)listing plans and rules ．And she requires that both parents and students read and sign statements (included in the letter!) that they read the handbook．The student letter also lists needed supplies and gives encouragement．“Please come to class ready to work and learn．This will be an exciting year for all of us,” it says
    Last year, Peselli taught at a different high school and parents there were “shocked”, but appreciative, that she had so much contact with them,“I received roses and a thank-you note from one boy and his mother”．Peselli said．She wished her own children’s teachers would take the time to write notes as well．“I never got a letter home from any of my daughter’s high school teachers．” she said, “It would be nice to know the background of some of the people who are teaching my daughter．”
    小题1:We may learn from the text that            
    A．most teachers are writing letters to parents and students
    B．the handbook is used to list supplies and give encouragement
    C．Peselli believe it important for teachers to exchange information with parents
    D．Peselli mainly introduces her background and teaching experiences in the letters
    小题2:The underlined word “it” in the fourth paragraph refers to         
    A．the handbookB．the requirement
    C．the schoolD．the letter
    小题3:We can infer from the last paragraph that          
    A．parents were satisfied with Peselli’s way of working
    B．Peselli means to surprise parents by writing students
    C．Peselli seemed to be popular among boy students
    D．all Peselli’s children are studying in high schools
    小题4:The purpose of the text is to          ．
    A．introduce an English teaching method
    B．give advice on how to teach students
    C．encourage teachers to keep in touch with parents
    D．show us how Dorothy Peselli makes teaching plans

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    Solar energy for your home is coming. It can help you as a single home owner. It can help the whole country as well. Whether or not solar energy can save your money depends on many things. Where you live is one factor. The type of home you have is another. Things like insulation(绝缘) present energy costs and the type of system you buy are added factors.
    Using solar energy can help save our precious fuel. As you know, our supplies of oil and gas are very limited. There is just not enough on hand to meet all our future energy needs. And when Mother Nature says that’s all, the only way we can delay hearing those words is by starting to save energy now and by using other sources, like the sun.
    We won’t have to worry about the sun’s running out of energy for another several billion years or so. Besides begin an endless source of energy, the use of the sun has other advantages as well. The sun doesn’t offer as many problems as other energy sources. For example, fossil fuel plants add to already high pollution levels. With sola energy, we will still need sources of energy, but we won’t need as much. That means we can cut down on our pollution problems.
    With all these good points, why don’t we use more solar power? There are many reasons for this. The biggest reason is money. Until now, it was just not practical for a home owner to put in a solar unit. There were cheaper sources of energy. All this is changing now. Solar costs are starting to equal the costs of oil and electricity. Experts say that gas, oil and electricity prices will continue to rise. The demand for electricity is increasing rapidly. But new power plants will use more gas, oil or coal. Already in some places the supply of electricity is being rationed. Solar energy is now in its infancy. It could soon grow to become a major part of our nation’s energy supply.
    57. Which statement best expresses the main idea?
    A. Something about Solar Energy and Pollution.        B. Solar Energy.
    C. Energy and Pollution                                           D. Energy and Money
    58. Solar energy can help us save ____.
    A. the earth and nature resources                                  B. mother nature
    C. the sun                                                                     D. our precious fuel
    59. Which of the following statements is correct?
    A. Energy from coal would not pollute our living environment.
    B. Energy from natural gas would not pollute our living environment.
    C. Energy from the sun would not pollute our living environment.
    D. Energy from oil would not pollute our living environment.
    60. Solar energy is in its infancy, ____.
    A. but it will be considered as an important part of our nation’s energy supply
    B. yet we will build more power plants
    C. and the supply of electricity will be rationed
    D. but we don’t need practice energy rationing now

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    The GUARANTEE ON THIS WATER HEATER IS IN EFFECT ONLY WHEN THE HEATER IS INSTALLED AND OPERATED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THESE INSTRUCTIONS. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS THOROUGHLY BEFORE STARTING.
    LOCATION:
    　　Select a location accessible to water lines and power supply. Do not locate the heater where water lines could be subjected to(受…影响) freezing temperatures. It is recommended that the heater be located near the center of greatest hot water usage to prevent heat loss through the pipes.
    ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS:
    　　Before any electrical connections are made, be sure that the heater is full of water and that the valve(阀门) in the cold water supply line is open.
    OPERATION
    When the switch is closed, the operation of this electric water heater is automatic. The thermostats are preset to the "HOT" setting to provide a water temperature of approximately 120oF to reduce the risk of being burnt.
    MAITENACE
    Shut off the electric power whenever the water supply is turned off.
    Shut off the electric power, water supply and drain the heater completely to prevent freezing whenever the building is left unoccupied during the cold weather months.
    SERVICE
    The trip–free devices on this heater will cut off all power if temperature of water is above 190F. If there is no hot water after a reasonable period of time, check the main fuse(保险丝) box. In the event that the fuses have not blown, call a serviceman.
    72.The location of the water heater shall ___________.
    A. be close to water lines and power supply
    B. be subjected to low temperature
    C. be in the centre of the house
    D. have a longer distance to hot water usage.
    73.Before any connection of power , make sure that one thing you have to do is _____.
    A. to have the heater in the water     B. to open the cold water inlet valve.
    C. to shut off the thermostats         D. to replace wiring diagram
    74.When you are not using the heater in winter months, it is better for you to________.
    A. have the tank full of clear water    B. drain the heater
    C. to leave it untouched             D. prevent it from losing heat
    75. What will happen to the heater when the temperature of water is above 190F?
    A. it will cause damage         B. It will break off automatically.
    C. It will produce cold water.    D. It will blow the fuse.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    E
    Thousands of people in the world are a hundred years old－or more and certain parts of the world are famous for the long lives of their inhabitants: the Vilacamba Valley in Ecuador, and the home of the Hunzas in the Himalayas．
    Why do so many people live to a healthy old age in certain parts of the world? What is the secret of their long lives? Three things seem to be very important: fresh air, fresh food and a simple way of life．People work near their homes in the clean mountain air instead of travelling long distances to work by bus, car or train．They do not sit all day in busy offices or factories, but work hard outdoors in the fields．They take more exercise and eat less food than people in the cities of the West．For years the Hunzas of the Himalayas did not need policemen, lawyers or doctors．There was no crime, no divorce and not much illness in their society． They were a happy, peaceful people, famous all over India for their long, healthy lives．
    Do you want to live to a hundred years old? Here are some rules for success．Firstly, choose your parents and grandparents carefully．If they lived or live to a good old age, so will you．Secondly, live in the right place．Thirdly, choose the right  kind of job．Doctors, dentists and bus-drivers die young．Farmers, priests and orchestral conductors live much longer．If you are in the wrong kind of job, you can still improve your way of life．
    An old man in the Caucasus was talking about his past life．"I was young then," he said, as he described his 87th year．His secret was: "Think young and stay young．" An old woman from Missouri, USA, gave this advice, "Drink a little whisky and some warm beer every day．" An English lady just said, "Take a cold bath every morning．" The shortest, simplest piece of advice came from Mr．Jim Chapman, aged 103．"Just keep breathing," he told reporters．
    72．Who is most likely to live a long life?
    A．A doctor．   B．A bus-driver．   C．A dentist．   D．An orchestral conductor．
    73．We can see from the passage that long-lived people avoid ____．
    A．working hard             B．drinking
    C．eating too much            D．taking cold baths
    74．The passage indicates that we can change our _____to live a long life．
    A．jobs    B．places of living   C．ways of living   D．ways of thinking
    75．What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph?
    A．Whose advice is the best．
    B．Who is the most long-lived person in the world．
    C．Lifestyles of long-lived people．
    D．How long-lived people think of their life．

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    An important factor that plays a part in susceptibility （易受影响） to colds is age．A study done by the University of Michigan School of Public Health indicated the fact that seems to hold true for the general population．Babies are the group suffering most from colds, averaging more than six colds in their first years．Boys have more colds than girls up to age three．After the age of three, girls are more susceptible than boys, and teenage girls average three colds a year to boy's two．
    The general frequency of colds continues to decline into adults．Elderly people who are in good health have as few as one or two colds annually．One exception is found among people in their twenties, especially women, who show a rise in cold infections（感染）, because people to this age group are most likely to have young children．Adults who delay having children until their thirties and forties experience the same sudden increase in cold infections．
    The study also found that economics （经济状况） plays an important role．As income increases, the frequency at which colds are reported in the family decreases．Families with the lowest income suffer about a third more colds than families at the upper end．Lower income generally forces people to live in closer quarters than those typically occupied by wealthier people, and crowding increases the opportunities for the cold virus to travel from person to person．Low income may also influence diet．The degree to which poor nutrition affects susceptibility to colds is not yet clearly proved, but an inadequate diet is suspected of lowering resistance generally．
    68. What factors cause people to catch colds easily?
    A. Age and pregnancy．             B. Health and pregnancy．
    C. Health and economics．                  D. Age and economics．
    69. Why does the lowest income lead to the rapid spread of colds?
    A. Because poor people can't afford to go to see a doctor．
    B. Because balanced diet has definitely affected poor people．
    C. Because people with the lowest income have limited living space．
    D. Because cold virus don't have opportunities to travel in poor families．
    70. How does the study prove that age plays a part in susceptibility to colds?
    A. Using comparison．  B. Using graphs．
    C. Using description．  D. Using argument．
    71. What can you learn from the passage?
    A. Families with the lowest income suffer less colds than rich families．
    B. The general frequency of colds are likely to increase among the poor．
    C. Women in their twenties are most likely to avoid cold infections．
    D. The general frequency of colds continue to rise into the adults．

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    D
    As they migrate（迁移），butterflies and moths choose the winds they want to fly with，and they change their body positions if they start floating in the wrong direction．This new finding suggests that insects may employ some of the same methods that birds use for traveling long distances．Scientists have long thought that insects were simply at the mercy of the wind．
    Fascinating as their skills of flight are，migrating behavior has been difficult to study in insects because many long distant trips happthousands of feet above ground．Only recently have scientists developed technologies that can detect such little creatures at such great heights．
    To their surprise，though，the insects weren’t passive travelers on the winds．In autumn，for example，most light winds blew from the east，but the insects somehow sought out ones that carried them south and they positioned themselves to navigate directly to their wintering homes．
    Even in the spring，when most winds flowed northward，the insects didn’t always go with the flow．If breezes weren’t blowing in the exact direction they wanted to go，the insects changed their body positions to compensate．Many migrating birds do the same thing．
    The study also found，butterflies and moths actively flew within the air streams that pushed them along．By adding flight speeds to wind speeds，the scientists calculated that butterflies and moths can travel as fast as 100 kilometers an hour．The findings may have real-world applications．With climate warming，migrating insects are growing in number．Knowing how and when these pests move could help when farmers decide when to spray their crops．
    71．What’s the main idea of the text?
    A．Insects migrate with the seasons．     B．Wind helps insects greatly in migrating．
    C．Windsurfing insects have real direction．D．Scientists have trouble in observing insects．
    72．Scientists originally thought that____________．
    A．insects always waited for their favourable winds
    B．insects chose the winds they wanted to ride
    C．insects were just blown about by the wind
    D．insects positioned themselves in the winds
    73．It is not easy to stuay the migrating behavior of the insects because____________
    A．the little creatures can fly very fast     B．they have no regular migrating courses
    C．the wind’s direction is hard to foresee    D．their flight is long and high above ground
    74．We can learn from the text that______________.
    A．insects fly in the way birds do
    B．insects travel more easily in autumn
    C．insects never position themselves when flying low
    D．insects rest a lot when the wind pushes them along
    75．According to the passage，the findings can              ．
    A．increase insects in number         B．instruct farmers when to spray
    C．prevent climate warming       D．help protect insects

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    C
    The announcements by the NASA，in the form of several Web site postings and a video posted on YouTube，were in response to worries that the world will end on Dec．21，2012．
    The doomsday(末日) rumour reached a high point with the release of the new movie “2012”，directed by Roland Emmerich．In the movie，Yellowstone blows up, showering the continent with black ash．Tidal waves wash over the Himalayas，where the governments of the planet have secretly built a ship which a select 400，000 people can ride out the storm．There are hundreds of hooks devoted to 2012，and millions of Web sites，depending on what combination of“2012”and“doomsday”you type into Google．All of it，astronomers say, is nonsense．“Most of what's claimed for 2012 relies on wishful thinking and ignorance of astronomy．”Ed Krupp， an expert on ancient astronomy，wrote in an article in the November issue of Sky＆Telescope．
    “I get angry at the way people are being influenced and frightened to make money,” Morrison said．“There is no right to frighten children to make a buck．”suggested David Morrison，an astronomer at the NASA Ames Research Center in Moffett Field，Calif．He said he had been getting about 20 letters and e—mail messages a day from people as far away as India scared out of their wits．Morrison said he did not blame the movie for all this，as much as many other supporters of the Mayan prediction．But then，he said，“my doctorate is in astronomy，not psychology．”
    In an e—mail exchange, Krupp said：“We are always uncertain about the future，and we always consume representations of it．We are always attracted by the romance of the ancient past．”A NASA spokesman，Dwayne Brown，said the agency did not comment on movies，leaving that to movie critics．But when it comes to science, Brown said, “we felt it was careful to provide a resource．”
    If you want to worry，most scientists say，you should think about global climate change or nuclear war．But if ancient prophecies(预言)get you going，here are some things Morrison and the others think you should know．
    64．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
    A．Dr．Morrison blamed the Movie“2011”for the panic it aroused in the public around the world．
    B．People who watched the movie were seared and firmly believed that the end of the world was coming．
    C．In terms of science it was better to provide evidence and theory at the same time．
    D．Dr．Morrison thought it was not right to make money by frightening people．
    65．It can be inferred from the text that        ．
    A．astronomers think that doomsday is likely to happen in the near future
    B．the reason why the NASA posted web site postings was to make people interested in astronomy
    C．scientists think we shouldn't worry about doomsday but show concern about environment protection
    D．most astronomers agree that the world is not ending—at least anytime soon
    66．Which of the following would be the best title?
    A．A New Movie“2012”            B．Is Doomsday Coming?
    C．End-of-the-World Stories          D．Astronomers Comment on Movies
    67．What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?
    A．Evidence that the Mayans thought something special would happen in 2012．
    B．What will really happen in 2012．
    C．The reason why there is no need to worry about doomsday．
    D．Ancient stories about the end of the world．

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