Question

【题目】阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

While many countries are trying hard 【1】(deal) with increasing rates of childhood obesity(肥胖), Japan stands out. The country has both high scores for nutrition and very low obesity rates.

Where 【2】(do) the country's secret lie? Some say it's school lunches 【3】matter a lot. According to a UNICEF report, Japan tops the charts for childhood health indicators. with low rates of infant(婴儿) deaths and few underweight children. It also has the 【4】(low) rate of childhood obesity among the 36 member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Certainly, there are various factors at work, including a health-conscious society and 【5】(regular) scheduled health check-ups.

【6】, a nationwide school lunch program actually plays a key role. In schools, the lunches are compulsory, which means that no packed lunches 【7】(allow). While they are not free for most, they are financially sponsored, making them affordable 【8】students.

Each meal is designed to have around 600 - 700 calories, 【9】(balance) between carbohydrates(碳水化合物), proteins and vegetables. A typical meal is rice with grilled fish and a leafy vegetable, 【10】is served with soup with pork, alongside milk and dried fruit.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】to deal

【2】does

【3】that

【4】lowest

【5】regularly

【6】However/Yet

【7】are allowed

【8】for/to

【9】balancing

【10】which

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，讲述了日本在经济合作与发展组织的36个成员国中，儿童肥胖率最低，原因包括有健康意识的社会、定期的健康检查和全国范围的学校午餐计划。

【1】考查非谓语动词。根据短语try to do sth.表示“努力做某事”，后跟不定式。故填to deal。

【2】考查动词时态。此处为特殊疑问句，且句中lie为实义动词，故在变特殊疑问句时需要添加助动词，结合上下文可知为一般现在时，且本句主语为secret，故助动词应用does。故填does。

【3】考查强调句。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句结构“it is/was +被强调的部分+that/who+其他”，本句中被强调部分为school lunches，故应用that。故填that。

【4】考查最高级。句意：在经济合作与发展组织的36个成员国中，儿童肥胖率也是最低的。结合句意可知表示“最低的”应用形容词最高级。故填lowest。

【5】考查副词。修饰后文形容词scheduled应用副词regularly，表示“定期地”。故填regularly。

【6】考查副词。句意：然而，全国性的学校午餐计划实际上起到了关键作用。根据句意可知此处上下文为转折关系，应用连接副词however/yet。句首字母要大写。故填However/Yet。

【7】考查动词时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据上文means可知为一般现在时，主语为lunches，故谓语动词用复数形式。故填are allowed。

【8】考查介词。句意：虽然它们对大多数人来说不是免费的，但它们得到了财政资助，使学生能够负担得起。此处表示“对……；为了……”应用介词for或to。故填for/to。

【9】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知balance在句中作非谓语动词，主语each meal(每餐饭)和动词balance(平衡)在逻辑上为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填balancing。

【10】考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词a typical meal，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，用which引导。故填which。

强调句结构

为了突出句子中的某一部分，我们通常会使用某种方法或手段使它突出，以便能引起他人的注意，这就是强调，与此相关的句子就是强调句。强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。其结构为it is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其他。

1、陈述句的强调句型

It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其他部分。

2、一般疑问句的强调句型，把is/ was提到it前面。

3、特殊疑问句的强调句型，被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分

4、not ... until ... 句型的强调句

句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分

普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back.

强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用;因为句型中It is/ was not ... 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。

如第三小题，分析句子结构可知此处为强调句结构“it is/was +被强调的部分+that/who+其他”，本句中被强调部分为school lunches，故应用that。故填that。