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In making decisions about what to produce, trade-offs(对半的机会) have to be made between the present and the future. For example, everyone may want to win a home, a car, a telephone or a stereo. Things of this kind that are consumed by people directly are called consumer goods. These products, made for present consumption, require limited resources such as wood, steel and fuel.

If resources are used this way, fewer resources can be used for other purposes. Therefore, societies sometimes decide to go without certain goods in the present so that their people will be better prepared for the future.

Most societies use some of their resources to make capital goods. Capital goods are any products that are used to make other things become more productive in the future. But it also means that the society may have to forego some consumer goods in the present. Therefore what society decides to produce determines the quality of life in both the present and future.

1. Which of the following are limited resources?

A. Wood and oil.

B. Coins and paper money.

C. Radios and TV sets.

D. Goods and products.

2. Capital goods refer to the products such as ______.

A. a car, a telephone and so on

B. food and drink

C. machinery and equipment

D. a computer

3. We make more capital goods in order to ______.

A. make other products for present consumer goods

B. make products for present consumption

C. make a nation’s economy grow in the present

D. help a nation’s economy become more productive in the future

4. How do societies make use of limited resources?

A. Most of their resources are used to make capital goods.

B. A certain number of resources are used to make capital goods.

C. All limited resources are used to make capital goods.

D. Most of their resources are used to make consumer goods.

5. If people want to live a better life in the future, societies have to______.

A. reduce the production of consumer goods

B. increase the production of consumer goods

C. use more resources to make capital goods

D. produce more goods in the future

 

答案:A;C;D;B;A
提示:

从文中可知,木头和石油属于不可再生资源,故1题选A项。从第三段. Capital goods are any products that are used to make other things become more productive in the future可知,2题答案为C。使用有限资源的最好方法是将它们变成capital goods故4题选B。人们若想将来生活的更好,科学家必须减少consumer goods,故5题选A.

 


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