Question

【题目】 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

If you can’t seem to catch enough Z’s during the week, you’re not alone. But bad things happen to your body when you’re sleep-deprived, not least of which is weight gain. Well, here’s some good news: Sleeping in on the weekend to make up for sleep lost during the week is 【1】 with lower body mass index (BMI), according to a study published in the Oxford University Press journal Sleep.

The researchers, a collaboration of scientists based in Boston, Massachusetts, and the Republic of Korean, sought to determine if what they refer to as “catch-up sleep” 【2】 body mass index (BMI) in the general population. To do so, they conducted face-to-face interviews of a random sampling of 2,156 adults, comparing their sleep habits with their BMI scores. The 932 participants who slept in — “catch-up sleepers” (people who sleep longer on the weekend than on weekdays by approximately two hours) had a(n) 【3】 lower BMI than the other subjects. What’s more, every additional hour of catch-up sleep was linked with a decrease in BMI.

As to why sleeping in on weekends can lead to weight loss, one of the study co-authors, Robert Thomas, MD, MMSc, of the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, 【4】 Reader’s Digest of the “substantial(大量的) experimental and epidemiological(流行病学的) data that short sleep contributes to weight gain.” He notes, “our best 【5】 as researchers are that there are balances to be kept, and the body can adjust and 【6】 within reason. Catch-up sleep allows the basic balance to be maintained.”

Although the study showed significant differences in BMI with the 【7】 of two or more hours of catch-up sleep, Dr. Thomas points out that there are “substantial individual differences,” such that the benefit we get from those extra hours will vary 【8】 on how much sleep each of us generally needs. “To determine your optional sleep, you can track the time spent sleeping on nights when there is no need to wake up to an alarm,” suggests Liza Baker, a health coach at Simply Health Coaching. That tells you about how many hours of sleep your body likes to get, since it 【9】 greatly across the population, from just 4 to 5 hours to 9 to 10 hours.

So can you actually lost weight by sleeping in on the weekend? Only if you’re paying off a sleep 【10】 from the week, according to the result of this study. It helps if you’re also eating less, Dr. Thomas adds.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】AD

【2】A

【3】AB

【4】B

【5】BD

【6】ABC

【7】CD

【8】BC

【9】D

【10】C

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。当你睡眠不足时，你的身体会发生不好的事情，尤其是体重增加。周末睡个懒觉能降低体重指数，维持身体基本的平衡。文章介绍了研究人员对“周末补觉”的研究结果。

【1】考查固定搭配。句意：周末睡个懒觉来弥补工作日的睡眠不足，降低身体体重指数(BMI)。首先可以判断该空填形容词，固定搭配be associated with与……有关，故该空填AD项associated。

【2】考查动词。句意：研究人员是由来自美国马萨诸塞州波士顿和韩国的科学家合作的，他们试图确定所谓的“补眠”是否会影响一般人群的身体体重指数(BMI)。首先可以判断该空填动词，研究人员希望判断出所谓的“补眠”能否影响大部分人的BMI，所以填A项impacts(影响)。

【3】考查副词。句意：932名“补眠者(周末比平日多睡约两个小时的人)的BMI明显低于其他受试者。首先可以判断该空填副词，修饰形容词lower，然后根据句义可知填AB significantly(显著地)。

【4】考查一般过去时态。句意：周末补觉可以减肥这件事使人联想到缺觉导致增肥。首先可以判断该空填动词，所以填B项reminded(使人联想到)。

【5】考查名词。句意：作为研究人员，我们最好的估计是要保持平衡，身体可以在合理范围内调整和适应。首先可以判断该空填名词，用复数，所以填BD项estimates(估计)。

【6】考查动词。句意：作为研究人员，我们最好的估计是要保持平衡，身体可以在合理范围内调整和适应。首先可以判断该空填动词原形，填ABC项adapt(适应)。

【7】考查名词。句意：尽管研究显示，在补眠两小时或更长时间后，身体质量指数(BMI)会有显著差异，但托马斯博士指出，“个体之间存在显著差异”。首先可以判断该空填名词，这里表达“额外睡了2小时的BMI差异”，所以填CD项addition(额外，增加)。

【8】考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：因此，我们从这些额外的时间中得到的好处将取决于我们每个人通常需要多少睡眠。首先可以判断该空填动词，表示“取决于”，所以填BC depending。

【9】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这告诉你你的身体需要多少小时的睡眠，因为它在人群中变化很大，从4到5小时到9到10小时。首先可以判断该空填一个动词，时态根据全文用一般现在是，表达“使不同”，所以填D项varies。

【10】考查名词。句意：那么，周末睡懒觉真的能减肥吗?根据这项研究的结果表明，只有当你从一周中偿还了睡眠债的时候才能减肥。首先可以判断该空填名词，前文有pay off，所以填C项debt(债务)。