British writer John Bunyan was born at Elstow, Bedfordshire, England, in November, 1628. His father was a maker and mender of pots and kettles, and the son followed the same trade. Though he is usually called a tinker, Bunyan had a settled home and place of business. He had little schooling, and he describes his early surroundings as poor and mean. He became much interested in religions, but it was only after a tremendous spiritual conflict, lasting three or four years, that he found peace. His struggles are related with extraordinary vividness and intensity in his “Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners.” His writing began with a controversy against the Quakers (教友派), and shows from the first the command of a homely but vigorous style.
Like most working men at the time, Bunyan had a deep hatred for the corrupted, hypocritical rich who accumulated their wealth “by hook and by crook.” As a stout Puritan(清教徒), he had made a conscientious study of the Bible and firmly believed in salvation (拯救) through spiritual struggle.
Bunyan’s style was modeled after that of the English Bible. With his concrete and living language and carefully observed and vividly presented details, he made it possible for the reader of the least education to share the pleasure of reading his novel and to relive the experience of his characters.
Bunyan’s works include Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners (1666), The Life and Death of Mr. Badman (1680), The Holy War (1682) and The Pilgrim’s Progress (1684).
The Pilgrim’s Progress is the most successful religious allegory (寓言) in the English language. Its purpose is to urge people to observe Christian doctrines and seek salvation through constant struggle with their own weaknesses and all kinds of social evils. It is not only about something spiritual but also bears much relevance to the time. Its predominant metaphor — life as a journey — is simple and familiar. The objects that Christian meets are homely and commonplace, and the scenes presented are typical English ones, but throughout the allegory a spiritual significance is added to the commonplace details. Here the strange is combined with the familiar and the trivial joined to the divine, and, a rich imagination and a natural talent for storytelling also contribute to the success of the work which is at once entertaining and morally instructive.
“The Vanity Fair,” is an excerpt from The Pilgrim’s Progress. The story starts with a dream in which the author sees Christian the Pilgrim, with a heavy burden on his back, reading the Bible. When he learns from the book that the city in which he and his family live shall be burnt down in a fire, Christian tries to convince his family and his neighbors of the oncoming disaster and asks them to go with him in search of salvation, but most of them simply ignore him. So he starts off with a friend, Pliable. Pliable turns back after they stumble into a pit, the Slough of Despond. Christian struggles on by himself. Then he is misled by Mr. Wordly Wiseman and is brought back onto the right road by Mr. Evangelist. There he joins Faithful, a neighbor who has set out later but has made better progress. The two go on together through many adventures, including the great struggle with Apollyon, who claims them to be his subjects and refuse to accept their allegiance to God. After many other adventures they come to the Vanity Fair where both are arrested as alien agitators. They are tried and Faithful is condemned to death. Christian, however manages to escape and goes on his way, assisted by a new friend, Hopeful. Tired of the hard journey, they are tempted to take pleasant path and are then captured by Giant Despair. Finally they got away and reach the Celestial City, where they enjoy eternal life in the fellowship of the blessed.
【小题1】According to the passage, Bunyan hated the rich people mainly because ______.
A.his father was making and mending pots and kettles |
B.Bunyan had poor and mean early surroundings |
C.the rich usually got their wealth in dishonest ways |
D.Bunyan studied the Bible to save the human souls |
A.①②③ | B.②③④ | C.①③④ | D.①②④ |
A.advise people to obey religious principles for salvation |
B.tell people that life is a simple and familiar journey |
C.add spiritual significance to the commonplace details |
D.to combine the strange things with the familiar things |
A.Any imaginable things might happen in a pilgrim’s dream. |
B.Christian the Pilgrim likes reading the Bible with a burden. |
C.People can struggle against weaknesses and evils for salvation |
D.People can enjoy eternal life in the fellowship of the blessed. |
【小题1】C
【小题2】D
【小题3】A
【小题4】C
解析试题分析:文章介绍了英国作家John Bunyan的生平,他的写作风格和他的作品的梗概。
【小题1】细节题:根据第二段的句子:Like most working men at the time, Bunyan had a deep hatred for the corrupted, hypocritical rich who accumulated their wealth “by hook and by crook.” 可知Bunyan憎恨有钱人主要是因为有钱人通常是用不诚实的方法获得财富,选 C。
【小题2】细节题:根据文章第三段的句子:With his concrete and living language and carefully observed and vividly presented details, he made it possible for the reader of the least education to share the pleasure of reading his novel and to relive the experience of his characters.
可知Bunyan 的作品的特点是:语言具体生动,故事描写很仔细生动,作品很容易理解,所以选D
【小题3】细节题:根据文章第五段的句子:The Pilgrim’s Progress is the most successful religious allegory (寓言) in the English language. Its purpose is to urge people to observe Christian doctrines and seek salvation through constant struggle with their own weaknesses and all kinds of social evils.可知John Bunyan 写The Pilgrim’s Progress 主要是为了说服人们为了拯救遵守宗教原则,选A。
【小题4】细节题:根据最后一段的句子:Finally they got away and reach the Celestial City, where they enjoy eternal life in the fellowship of the blessed.可知这段提到的故事“The Vanity Fair,”的寓意是人们可以为了拯救和虚弱和邪恶作斗争,选C。
考点:考查人物传记类短文
科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
Walking round the large shop, Edith realized how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas for her father.
She that he were as easy to please as her mother, who was satisfied with perfume (香水). , shopping at this time of the year was a most job. People on your feet, pushed you with their shoulders and almost you over in their hurry in order to something cheap ahead of you.
Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter (柜台), where some beautiful ties were on . "They are silk," the shop assistant told her with a smile trying to her to buy one. But Edith knew from past that her choice of ties never pleased her father.
She moved on slowly and where a small crowd of men had gathered round a counter. She found some fine pipes on sale and the were very beautiful. Edith did not hesitate for long, although her father smoked a pipe once in a while, she believed this was to please him.
When she got home, with her small but present hidden in her handbag, it was time for supper and her parents were already table. Her mother was in great . "Your father has at last decided to stop smoking," she told her daughter happily. Edith was so that she could not say a single word.
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
Elizabeth Freeman was born about 1742 to African American parents who were slaves. At the age of six months she was acquired, along with her sister, by John Ashley, a wealthy Massachusetts slaveholders. She became known as “Mumbet” or “Mum Bett.”
For nearly 30 years Mumbet served the Ashley family. One day, Ashley’s wife tried to strike Mumbet’s sister with a spade. Mumbet protected her sister and took the blow instead. Furious, she left the house and refused to come back. When the Ashleys tried to make her return, Mumbet consulted a lawyer, Theodore Sedgewick. With his help, Mumbet sued(起诉) for her freedom.
While serving the Ashleys, Mumbet had listened to many discussions of the new Massachusetts constitution. If the constitution said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply to her. Eventually, Mumbet won her freedom---- the first slave in Massachusetts to do so under the new constitution.
Strangely enough, after the trial, the Ashleys asked Mumbet to come back and work for them as a paid employee. She declined and instead went to work for Segdewick. Mumbet died in 1829, but her legacy lived on in her many descendants(后裔). One of her great-grandchildren was W.E.B. Du Bois, one of the founder of the NAACP, and an important writer and spokesperson for African American civil rights.
Mumbet’s tombstone still stands in the Massachusetts cemetery where she was buried. It reads, in part: “She was born a slave and remained a slave and remained a slave for nearly thirty years. She could neither read nor write, yet in her own sphere she had no superior or equal.”
【小题1】What do we know about Mumbet according to Paragraph 1?
A.She was born a slave |
B.She was a slaveholder |
C.She had a famous sister |
D.She was born into a rich family |
A.She found an employer |
B.She wanted to be a lawyer |
C.She was hit and got angry |
D.She had to take care of her sister |
A.She should always obey her owners’ orders |
B.She should be as free and equal as whites |
C.How to be a good servant |
D.How to apply for a job |
A.She chose to work for a lawyer |
B.She found the NAACP |
C.She continued to serve the Ashleys |
D.She went to live with her grandchildren |
A.A story of a famous writer and spokesperson |
B.The friendship between a lawyer and a slave |
C.The life of a brave African American woman |
D.A trial that shocked the whole world |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
In the mid-1950s, I was a somewhat bored early-adolescent male student who believed that doing any more than necessary was wasted effort. One day, this approach threw me into embarrassment
In Mrs. Totten’s eighth-grade math class at Central Avenue School in Anderson, Indiana, we were learning to add and subtract decimals (小数).
Our teacher typically assigned daily homework, which would be recited in class the following day. On most days, our grades were based on our oral answer to homework questions.
Mrs. Totten usually walked up and down the rows of desks requesting answers from student after student in the order the questions had appeared on our homework sheets. She would start either at the front or the back of the classroom and work toward the other end.
Since I was seated near the middle of about 35 students, it was easy to figure out which questions I might have to answer. This particular time, I had completed my usual two or three problems according to my calculations.
What I failed to expect was that several students were absent, which threw off my estimate. As Mrs. Totten made her way from the beginning of the class,I desperately tried to determine which math problem I would get. I tried to work it out before she got to me, but I had brain freeze and couldn’t function.
When Mrs. Totten reached my desk,she asked what answer I’d got for problem No. 14. “I…I didn’t get anything,” I answered,and my face felt warm.
“Correct,” she said.
It turned out that the correct answer was zero.
What did I learn that day? First, always do all your homework. Second, in real life it isn’t always what you say but how you say it that matters. Third,I would never make it as a mathematician.
If I could choose one school day that taught me the most, it would be that one.
【小题1】What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 indicate?
A. It is wise to value one’s time. |
B. It is important to make an effort |
C. It is right to stick to one’s belief. |
D. It is enough to do the necessary. |
A. recite their homework together |
B. grade their homework themselves |
C. answer their homework questions orally |
D. check the answers to their homework questions |
A. asked questions in a regular way |
B. walked up and down when asking questions |
C. chose two or three questions for the students |
D. requested her students to finish their usual questions |
A. the class didn’t begin as usual |
B. several students didn’t come to school |
C. he didn’t try hard to make his estimate |
D. Mrs. Totten didn’t start from the back of the class |
A. An Unforgettable Teacher |
B. A Future Mathematician |
C. An Effective Approach |
D. A Valuable Lesson |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
Diana Jacobs thought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 21yearold twin sons: a combination of savings, income, scholarships, and a modest amount of borrowing. Then her husband lost his job, and the plan fell apart.
“I have two kids in college, and I want to say ‘come home',but at the same time I want to provide them with a good education,” says Jacobs.
The Jacobs family did work out a solution: They asked and received more aid from the schools, and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal loan (贷款) program. They will each graduate with $20,000 of debt, but at least they will be able to finish school.
With unemployment rising, financial aid administrators expect to hear more families like the Jacobs. More students are applying for aid, and more families expect to need student loans. College administrators are concerned that they will not have enough aid money to go around.
At the same time, tuition(学费)continues to rise. A report from the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education found that college tuition and fees increased 439% from 1982 to 2007, while average family income rose just 147%. Student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade.
“If we go on this way for another 25 years, we won't have an affordable system of higher education,” says Patrick M. Callan, president of the center. “The middle class families have been financing it through debt. They will send kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a huge amount of debt.”
Financial aid administrators have been having a hard time as many companies decide that student loans are not profitable enough and have stopped making them. The good news, however, is that federal loans account for about three quarters of student borrowing, and the government says that money will flow uninterrupted.
【小题1】According to Paragraph 1,why did the plan of Jacobs family fail?
A.The twins wasted too much money. |
B.The father was out of work. |
C.Their saving ran out |
D.The family fell apart. |
A.They asked their kids to come home. |
B.They borrowed $20,000 from the school. |
C.They encouraged their twin sons to do parttime jobs. |
D.They got help from the school and the federal government. |
A.more families will face the same problem as the Jacobses |
B.the government will receive more letters of complaint |
C.college tuition fees will double soon |
D.America's unemployment will fall |
A.They blamed the government for the tuition increase. |
B.Their income remained steady in the last decade. |
C.They will try their best to send kids to college. |
D.Their debts will be paid off within 25 years |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
At the time, I would go out in the evening with my parents. But this time I had borrowed a bicycle from a friend of mine. I didn’t know why, but once I was on my own bicycle, a kind of free feeling flooded through me. The faster I rode, the faster I wanted to go! Far ahead, I rode as if my life depended on it, head down, hands grasping the handbars. I meant to get to Jinghai Bar as fast as I could. . .
Oh! My hands! Don’t come any closer. . . Don’t touch me! That poor doctor just couldn’t get my gloves off. Each time he took a step towards me, I broke into painful shouting. Much later, I discovered that I had crashed(碰撞)heavily with another bicycle, and I hadn’t spoken one word of sense for at least three hours! After some time, my mother arrived at the hospital, her face as white as a sheet, and gave me a hug(拥抱), only then did the doctor begin to stitch(缝合)my head wound, not only did he merrily cut off a long lock of my hair, but used no anaesthetic(麻药)either! Later, I seemed to hear faraway voices saying that my right hand was broken. I almost burst into tears. How would I ever play the piano again?
【小题1】 On her way to Jinghai Bar, the writer felt .
A.nervous | B.comfortable |
C.light-hearted | D.upset |
A.Because she wanted to attend a party on time. |
B.Because she wanted to meet her friend who was waiting for her there. |
C.Because she just wanted to join some of her friends and drink some wine. |
D.We are not quite sure about what she was really going there for. |
A.Friendly. | B.Cruel. |
C.Hard-working. | D.Kind. |
A.often went to Jinghai Bar with her friends |
B.liked playing the piano |
C.didn’t like any doctors at all |
D.would burst into tears when she was in trouble |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
It was the Year from Hell-September 1993 to September 1994-the dog died, my marriage of 24 years ended, and my house burned down. I had moved into a new rented house with my youngest son, after my husband and I split up. We'd been in the house just six weeks. I went to a dinner party one night, and as I drove home, I saw helicopters hovering in the general vicinity of my new home. Smoke was billowing into the sky, and sirens were wailing. As I got closer, I thought, Wouldn't it be awful if that was my house? Then I turned the corner, and sure enough, it was my house.
I was devastated. It had been such a horrible year, and now everything I owned had gone up in smoke. Mementos, baby pictures, family keepsakes, clothes, furniture-everything was destroyed. My marriage was gone, my dog was gone, my home was gone, and all my worldly possessions, except my car and the clothes on my back, were gone too.
My son and I stayed with a friend for a couple of nights. Then my friend Gail heard about the fire, called me up, and said, "Come move into my house. I have seven bedrooms and five bathrooms-plenty of space for you and your son." It was a sprawling ranch house on a double lot in La Jolla, with an ocean view, to boot. Gail had three kids at home, but there was still plenty of room for me and my son, Sutton. Her offer was a godsend. Little did I know that her offer of a temporary place to stay would turn into a living arrangement that lasted two and a half years.
Gail and I had a lot in common. We had both been raised Catholic and our unconscious minds had been programmed the same way-we saw ourselves as good little Catholic girls who were gonna stay married forever. But both of our husbands decided they didn't want to be married anymore, and so here we were, two single mothers, dazed, confused, and in a fog. We had followed the rules... why were we not happy? Gail and I spent the next couple of years sorting out a lot of things together.
After we moved in, I soon began to look for a permanent place to live. After a few weeks, Gail said, "Please don't leave. I've never had so much freedom!" Having me in the house meant someone to help take care of her kids, someone to share cooking and gardening, and someone to share day-to-day life. She loved having me there, and I loved being there. So we stayed.
It was an important chapter in my life. Gail and I gardened together, talking back and forth as we worked in the soil. We both needed time to heal from our divorces, time to sort out the confusion, time to get some clarity on the past and some focus on the future. It was a time of deeper insight and spiritual growth for both of us. Over time, I grew to realize how strong I really was, how even-tempered, and how I really could get my act together and go on with my life.
Gail's generosity was more than anyone could ever ask or expect from a friend. She gave me a safe haven in which to mourn and heal and grow into the next chapter of my life. She showed her love in countless ways. I am eternally grateful to have a friend like Gail.
I'm also grateful for the lessons I learned from the fire and the other losses that came so suddenly, so fast. Much to my surprise, I found gratitude among the ashes. I was tested sorely-literally trial by fire. But, like a phoenix, I rose from the ashes strong and whole. I would not be the person I am today if not for that Year from Hell.
【小题1】Why did the writer say Sep 1993 to Sep 1994 was the Year from Hell?
A.She got divorced from her husband |
B.Both of her houses were burned down |
C.She met some misfortune one after another |
D.Her dog was killed in the big fire |
A.Both of them had one son |
B.Both of them believed in the same faith |
C.Both of them lost the home |
D.Both of them decided to divorce |
A.She looked after the 4 kids alone |
B.She planted some flowers with Gail |
C.She shared the same bedroom with Gail |
D.They did some cleaning together |
A.③⑤④①② | B.④①⑤③② | C.③④②⑤① | D.①③⑤④② |
A.Generosity from a friend |
B.Recover from the pain |
C.The Year from Hell |
D.Gratitude among the ashes |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
Cohn Blanchard stood up from the bench, straightened his Army uniform, and studied the crowd of people making their way through Grand Central Station. He looked for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn’t, the girl with the rose.
His interest in her had begun thirteen months before in a Florida library. Taking a book off the shelf he found himself intrigued, not with the words of the book, but with the notes penciled in the margin. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful mind. In the front of the book, he discovered the previous owner’s name, Miss Hollis Maynell. With time and effort he located her address. She lived in New York City. He wrote her a letter introducing himself and inviting her to correspond. The next day he was shipped overseas for service in World War II.
During the next year and one month the two grew to know each other through the mail. Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was starting Blanchard requested a photograph, but she refused. She felt that if he really cared, it wouldn’t matter what she looked like.
When the day finally came for him to return from Europe, they scheduled their first meeting —7:00 PM at the Grand Central Station in New York. “You’ll recognize me,” she wrote, “by the red rose I’ll be wearing on my lapel.” So at 7:00 he was in the station looking for a girl whose heart he loved, but whose face he’d never seen.
I’ll let Mr. Blanchard tell you what happened: A young woman was coming toward me, her figure long and slim. Her blonde hair lay back in curls from her delicate ears; her eyes were blue as flowers. Her lips and chin had a gentle firmness, and in her pale green suit she was like springtime come alive. I stared at her, entirely forgetting to notice that she was not wearing a rose. As I moved, a small, attractive smile curved her lips. “Going my way , sailor?” she murmured.
Almost uncontrollably I made one step closer to her, and then I saw Hollis Maynell. She was standing almost directly behind the girl. A woman well past 40, she had graying hair tucked under a worn hat. She was more than plump, her thick-ankled feet thrust into low-heeled shoes. The girl in the green suit was walking quickly away. I felt as though I was split in two, so keen was my desire to follow her, and yet so deep was my longing for the woman whose spirit had truly companioned me and upheld my own.
And there she stood. Her pale, plump face was gentle and sensible, her gray eyes had a warm and kindly twinkle. I did not hesitate. My fingers gripped the small worn blue leather copy of the book that was to identify me to her.
This would not be love, but it would be something precious, something perhaps even better than love, a friendship for which I had been and must ever be grateful. I squared my shoulders and saluted and held out the book to the woman, even though while I spoke I felt choked by the bitterness of my disappointment."I'm Lieutenant John Blanchard, and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me; may I take you to dinner?"
The woman's face broadened into a tolerant smile. "I don't know what this is about, son," she answered, "but the young lady in the green suit who just went by, she begged me to wear this rose on my coat. And she said if you were to ask me out to dinner, I should go and tell you that she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test!"
It's not difficult to understand and admire Miss Maynell's wisdom. The true nature of a heart is seen in its response to the unattractive. "Tell me whom you love," Houssaye wrote, "And I will tell you who you are. "
【小题1】How did John Blanchard get to know Miss Hollis Maynell?
A.They were both interested in literature. |
B.John knew Hollis's name from a library book. |
C.John came across Hollis in a Florida library . |
D.They lived in the same city. |
A.she thought true love is beyond appearance |
B.she had never taken any photo before they knew |
C.she was only a middle - aged woman |
D.she wasn't confident about her appearance |
A.She would be wearing a scarf around her neck. |
B.She would be holding a book in her hand. |
C.She would be standing behind a young girl. |
D.She would be wearing a rose on her coat. |
A.She was a middle - aged woman in her forties. |
B.She was a young, pretty girl wearing a green suit. |
C.She was a plump woman with graying hair. |
D.She was a slightly fat girl, with blonde hair. |
A.shocked but inspired | B.annoyed and bad - mannered |
C.disappointed but well - behaved | D.satisfied and confident |
A.Love is blind | B.Don't Judge a Book by its Cover |
C.A Test of Love | D.The Symbol of Rose |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
My grandfather came from Hungary and was the only one in his family who settled down in the United States. The rest of his family remained in Europe. When World War I broke out, he seemed to have become another man, downhearted. Such obvious change was not born out of concern for his welfare, but out of fear: if his only son, my uncle, had to go to war, it would be cousin fighting against cousin.
One day in 1918, my Uncle Milton received his draft notice. My grandparents were very upset. But my mother, at the age of 10, felt on top of the world about her soldier brother going off to war. Realizing how he was regarded by his little sister and all of her friends, my uncle bought them all service pins, which meant that they had a loved one in the service. All the little girls were delighted.
The moment came when my uncle and the other soldiers, without any training but all in uniforms, boarded the train. The band played and the crowd cheered. Although no one noticed. I’m sure my grandmother had a tear in her eye for the only son. The train slowly pulled out, but not about a thousand yards when it suddenly paused. Everyone stared in wonder as the train slowly returned to the station. There was a dead silence before the doors opened and the men started to step out. Someone shouted, “The war is over!” For a moment, nobody moved, but then the people heard someone bark orders at the soldiers. The men lined up in two lines, walked down the steps, and with the band playing, marched down the street, as returning heroes, to be welcomed home. My mother said it was a great day, but she was just a little disappointed that it didn’t last a tiny bit longer.
【小题1】What the grandfather was most worried about was ______.
A.the spread of the world war |
B.the safety of his two cousins |
C.a drop in his living standards |
D.his relatives killing each other |
A.order for army service | B.train ticket for Europe |
C.letter of rejection | D.note of warning |
A.Strength. | B.Courage. | C.Victory. | D.Honor. |
A.Disappointing. | B.Unexpected. | C.Uncertain. | D.Inspiring. |
A.The grandfather felt downhearted because he was afraid of receiving a draft notice. |
B.The train was traveling fast to the front when the news came that the war was over. |
C.None of the soldiers who got on the train for the front line had been trained in advance. |
D.Most people including the mother were disappointed that the war didn’t last a bit longer. |
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