3.Last week,we explained that the planet Mars has passed"opposition".It passed a point opposite the Sun.This week,we tell about the planet's surprising motion(运动) among the stars.
For thousands of years,people have recognized that planets travel among the stars.The planets generallyfollow the path taken by the Sun through the sky.The Sun's path is called the ecliptic(黄道).The groups of stars along the ecliptic are called the Zodiac(黄道带).
The motion of the planets can be confusing at times.Everyone knows the Sun rises in the east and sets in the west.But this is caused by the turning motion of the Earth.Planets generally move from west to east.
However,Mars will appear to move backward for about two months this year.This happens because the Earth is overtaking(超过) Mars on its way around the Sun.Mars began its backward,or westward motion on May 11th.It will start moving eastward again on July 19th.
Mars'apparent(明显的) motion has been a mystery to astronomers for hundreds of years.Most early theories of the solar system argued that the Sun and planets turned around the Earth.But the sudden westward motion of Mars presented a problem.Why would Mars move west for two months when it nears"opposition"?
In 1543,a Polish church worker named Nicolas Copernicus published a different theory.His theory said the Earth and planets moved around the Sun in perfectly circular orbits(循环的轨道).Copernicus'theory was simpler.But his Suncentered system still did not explain the observed motion of Mars very well.
Finally,a German mathematician named Johannes Kepler published a complete theory of the motion of the planets in 1619.He had carefully studied the motion of Mars for many years.Johannes Kepler discovered that the planets do not move in circular orbits around the sun.Instead,they travel in flattened(变平的) orbits called ellipses(椭圆).Mars'elliptical orbit is the cause of its unusual brightening this year and its apparent large size.During the next several weeks,you can see for yourself why the mysterious motin of Mars has caused so many people to wonder.
32.From the passage we can learn that.C
A.the planets generally travel westward
B.Kepler studied the orbit of the planets in 1619
C.the Earth's turning motion causes the Sun to rise in the east
D.Copernicus'theory well explained the motion of Mars
33.On July 19th MarsA.
A.will appear to change its direction again
B.will pass the"opposition"
C.will begin to move westward
D.will appear to change its orbit again
34.Why does Mars appear to be bigger and brighter when it passes"opposition"?B
A.It is overtaking the earth.
B.It moves in an elliptical orbit.
C. It follows the path of the sun.
D.It travels in a circular orbit.
35.What is the best title for the passage?C
A.The Recent Research into Mars
B.The Great Discovery on Mars
C.The Surprising Motion of Mars
D.The Wonderful Mystery of Mars.
分析 文章主要讲今年火星Mars有两个月的时间是向西转动的,这与一般行星自西向东转动是相反的.
解答 CABC
32.C 考查推理判断题.在1619年出版了行星运动的完全理论"可知,他的研究应该是在1619年之前,B错误;根据第六段最后一句"Buthis Sun-centered system still did not explainthe observed motion of Mars verywell."可知,D错误;根据第三段第二、三句"Everyoneknows the Sun rises in the east and sets in the west.But this iscaused by the turning motion of theEarth."可知C正确.
33.A 考查细节理解题.根据第四段最后一句"Marsbegan its backward,or westward,motion on May 11th,It will startmoving eastward again on July 19th."可知,在7月19号,火星将会再次改变方向,故A正确.
34.B 考查细节理解题.根据第八段最后一句"Mars'elliptical orbit is the cause of its unusual brightening this yearand its apparent largesize."可知,椭圆型轨道是引起不寻常明亮的主要原因,故B正确.
35.C 主旨概括题.综合全文,文章主要讲今年火星Mars有两个月的时间是向西转动的,这与一般行星自西向东转动是相反的,因此C项符合题意.
点评 本文是人文地理类阅读理解.做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据