6.Public Speaking and Critical Thinking
What is critical thinking?To a certain degree,it's a matter of logic(逻辑)-of being able to spot weaknesses in other people's arguments and to avoid them in your own.It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.
In the broad sense,critical thinking is focused,organized thinking-the ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas.(71)D The greatest thinkers,scientists,and inventors have often taken information that was readily available put it together differently to produce new ideas.That,too,is critical thinking.
(72)EAs the class goes on,for example,you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches.While this may seem like a purely mechanical(机械的) exercise,it is closely connected with critical thinking.If the structure of your speech is loose and confused,chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused.If,on the other hand,the structure is clear,there is a good chance your thinking is too.Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have(73)A.
What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking.(74)FAs you work on expressing your ideas in clear,accurate language,you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately.(75)GAs you learn to listen critically to speeches in class,you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.
If you take full advantage of your speech class,you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances.This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece.
A.Rather,it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.
B.This may seem like a lot of time,but the rewards are well worth it.
C.It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.
D.It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world,only reorganized ideas.
E.If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class,the answer is quite a lot.
F.The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways.
G.As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking,you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.
分析 本文介绍了辩证思考,在某种程度上,辩证思考是一种逻辑思维,即我们能通过分析别人的论点来驳倒他.同时,辩证思考还需要一些相关技能,如从观点中分析事实,评估证据的真实性.
解答 71.D 考查句意理解和上下文.根据前面"In the broad sense,critical thinking is focused,organized thinking 有组织的思考"可知,D项"It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world,only reorganized ideas"符合语境,故选D.
72.E 考查句意理解和上下文.根据空后"As the class goes on for example…"和"speaking class"有关,E项"If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class,the answer is quite a lot"中的课堂演讲符合语境,故选E.
73.A 考查句意理解和上下文.根据关键句子"Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have"可知,应该选择"organizing a speech"的另一个重要性,A项中"Rather it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves"与前句是转折关系符合语境,故选A.
74.F 考查句意理解和上下文.根据关键句子"What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking"提到公众演讲,而F项中"The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways"在演讲班学到的技能能帮助你在很多方面成为有效的思考者.可知选F.
75.G 考查句意理解和上下文.根据关键句子"As you work on…"及"As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class…"可知,应该选择动作顺承的选项,所以选择G项.
点评 本题考查信息匹配.解答此类题目应该遵循以下步骤:先阅读匹配对象,然后带着匹配对象中的关键信息阅读前面的信息材料,阅读材料时可用笔划出关键点,以引起注意,便于记忆和理顺思路,已选用的选项可用笔表明,以排除干扰,减轻大脑负担,提高答题速度和正确率,最后锁定答案.