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17.When very small dinosaur bones were found in a Germany mine people thought they were from baby dinosaurs.(48)Hower,scientist Martin Sander's work shows that they were probably fully grown and belong to the smallest giant dinosaur species ever found.
Growth marks on dinosaur bones are similar(49)to growth rings on trees.The rings are far apart while the animal is young and growing quickly.(50)They get closer as growth slows."It is exactly these tight ring marks that we found in the fossil (化石) bones,"says Sander.So the fossils must have been from adult animals.
(51)why was this German dinosaur so much smaller than other giant dinosaurs,which grew up to 45metres long and weighed as much as a thousand humans?
150million years ago,most of Germany was underwater.Scientists think that (52)as water levels rose,there was less and less land and food available.The dinosaur was forced to adapt and evolved into(53)a smaller animal needing (54)lessspace and food.
Since 1998,scientists have dug up more than 1,000dinosaur fossils in the mine.It is one of the few places in the world (55)wherethe bones and footprints of dinosaurs have been found together.

分析 本文写了在德国发现了恐龙化石,并对这些化石进行了研究,阐明了这些恐龙体格娇小的原因.

解答 48.However 考查连词,根据上文"有人认为德国发现的应该是恐龙幼仔的化石",下文"但科学家Martin Sander认为这些恐龙已经发育完全了",可以看出两句之间是一种转折关系,所以这里要用表示转折的连词.However"然而,但是"表转折,所以答案是However.
49.to 考查固定短语,根据句意"在恐龙的骨头上生长的年轮与树木的生长年轮类似"be similar to 固定短语"与…类似,",所以答案是to.
50.They  考查句意理解,根据句意"生长缓慢时,恐龙骨头密度就会加大",They指rings.答案是They
51.why 考查上下文的联系,下文解释说明了这只在德国发现的恐龙比其他地区恐龙小的原因,与该疑问句形成因果关系,所以此题应填"why"
 52 as  考查连词,根据下文可用的陆地和食物越来越少,可见是随着水位升高.as 连词"随着",所以答案是as.
53.a  考查冠词,解析:恐龙被迫适应环境进而演变成一种更小的动物,a+可数名词的单数表示一类人或者是物,所以答案是a.
54.less 考查形容词,根据句意恐龙演变成一种更小的动物,需要更少的空间和食物,less是little的比较级,修饰space 和food,所以答案是less.
55.where  考查定语从句,定语从句的先行词为places,在从句the bones and footprints of dinosaurs have been found together中做地点状语,所以要用关系副词where引导,答案是where.

点评 语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力,在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意,在读懂短文的基础上,结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析.要解决好语法填空,离不开坚实的语法知识,有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断,从而答对题目.

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