Question

The French word renaissance means rebirth. It was first used in 1855 by the historian Jules Michelet in his History of France，then adopted by historians of culture，by art historians，and eventually by music historians，all of whom applied it to European culture during the 150 years spanning 1450－1600.The concept of rebirth was appropriate to this period of European history because of the renewed interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture that began in Italy and then spread throughout Europe. Scholars and artists of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries wanted to restore the learning and ideals of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome. To these scholars this meant a return to human—as opposed to spiritual values. Fulfillment in life—as opposed to concern about an afterlife—became a desirable goal，and expressing the entire range of human emotions and enjoying the pleasures of the senses were no longer frowned(皱眉头) on. Artists and writers now turned to secular(不朽的)as well as religious subject matter and sought to make their works understandable and appealing.
These changes in outlook deeply affected the musical culture of the Renaissance period—how people thought about music as well as the way music was composed，experienced，discussed，and circulated. They could see the architectural monuments，sculptures(雕塑)，plays，and poems that were being rediscovered，but they could not actually hear ancient music—although they could read the writings of classical philosophers，poets，essayists，and music theorists that were becoming available in translation. They learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect. For example，the influential religious leader Bernardino Cirillo expressed disappointment with the learned music of his time. He urged musicians to follow the example of the sculptors，painters，architects，and scholars who had rediscovered ancient art and literature.
The musical Renaissance in Europe was more a general cultural movement and state of mind than a specific set of musical techniques. Furthermore，music changed so rapidly during this century and a half—though at different rates in different countries—that we cannot define a single Renaissance style.
小题1:What is the passage mainly about?

A．The musical compositions that best illustrate the developments during the European Renaissance.

B．The musical techniques that were in use during the European Renaissance.

C．The European Renaissance as a cultural development that included changes in musical style.

D．The ancient Greek and Roman musical practices used during the European Renaissance.

小题2:The underlined word “now” in Paragraph 1 refers to ________.

A．1855

B．the period of the Renaissance

C．the time of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome

D．the time at which the author wrote the passage

小题3:It can be inferred from the passage that thinkers of the Renaissance were seeking a rebirth of ________.

A．spirituality in everyday life

B．communication among artists across Europe

C．a cultural emphasis on human values

D．religious themes in art that would accompany the traditional secular themes

小题4:What can be inferred about the music of ancient Greece and Rome?

A．Its effect on listeners was described in a number of classical texts.

B．It was played on instruments that are familiar to modern audiences.

C．It expressed more different ideals than classical sculpture，painting and poetry.

D．It had the same effect on Renaissance audiences as it had when originally performed.

小题5:According to the passage，why was Bernardino Cirillo disappointed with the music of his time?

A．It did not contain enough religious themes.

B．It had little emotional impact on audiences.

C．It was not complex enough to appeal to musicians.

D．It was too dependent on the art and literature of his time.

Answer 1

小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:B

试题分析：文章介绍欧洲的文艺复兴，包括建筑，历史，艺术，也是一种文化发展包括音乐风格的改变，而音乐的复兴没有其他艺术的改革有效果。
小题1:主旨题：从文章第二段的句子：These changes in outlook deeply affected the musical culture of the Renaissance period—how people thought about music as well as the way music was composed，可知欧洲的文艺复兴是一种文化发展包括音乐风格的改变。选C
小题2:这篇文章讲的是文艺复兴时期的文化发展，这里now指的就是文艺复兴的时期。选B
小题3:细节题：从第一段的句子：To these scholars this meant a return to human—as opposed to spiritual values.可知文艺复兴时期的思想家追求的是强调人性的文化。选C
小题4:细节题：从第二段的句子：They learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect.可以推断出希腊和罗马的音乐对听众的影响在很多经典的作品里面都有表现。选A
小题5:细节题：从第二段的句子：They learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect. 可知Bernardino Cirillo认为现代音乐没有古代音乐的影响力，所以很失望。选 。B
点评：文章介绍欧洲的文艺复兴，包括音乐风格的改变，而音乐的复兴的效果很不明显。文章内容有一定难度，但结构清楚，学生不难理解，以主旨题推理题的考查为主，解答此类题除了注意细节，也需要结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行的概括和判断。