Question

The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928). After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous(灾难性的) fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”, almost certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination（结合） of designs.
The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression(萧条) and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. Howard’s idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howard’s idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.
Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit-----Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide rang of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.
【小题1】How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?

A．Through his observation of the country life.

B．Through the combination of different ideas.

C．By taking other people’s advice.

D．By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago.

【小题2】The underlined phrase “drawing on ”in Paragraph 1 probably means______.

A．making use of	B．making comments on
C．giving an explanation of	D．giving a description of

【小题3】According to Howard, garden cities should be built______.

A．as far as possible from existing cities

B．in the countryside where the land was cheap

C．in the countryside where agriculture was developed

D．near cities where employment opportunities already existed

【小题4】What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph?

A．Their number would continue to rise

B．Each one would continue to become larger

C．People would live and work in the same place

D．Each one would contain a certain type of business

【小题5】What could be the best title for the passage?

A．City and Countryside	B．The Invention of the Garden City
C．A New City in Chicago	D．A Famous Garden City in England

Answer 1

【小题1】D
【小题2】A
【小题3】B
【小题4】A
【小题5】D

解析试题分析：本文介绍了Ebenezer Howard最先发明出来的The garden city的发展过程和相关的信息。
【小题1】D 细节题。根据第一段4,5行In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”, almost certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns.说明D项正确。
【小题2】A 推理题。根据本句Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination（结合） of designs.说明他成分利用了这个想法创造出一种独特的设计方面的结合。
【小题3】B 细节题。根据第二段最后3行borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.说明这样的地方应该是在土地相对便宜的乡下，故B项正确。
【小题4】A 推理题。根据最后一段3,4,5行As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit-----Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away说明一个花园城市建成以后，人口太多了以后在附件就会出现另外一个花园城市，故花园城市的数量在不断增加，故Ａ正确。
【小题5】D 主旨大意题。本文主要就是介绍了Ebenezer Howard最先发明出来的The garden city的发展，故D项正确。
考点：考查历史知识类短文
点评：本文的内容较为抽象，考生不是很熟悉，以推理题的考查为主，推理判定题要在阅读理解整体语篇的基础上，把握文章的真正内涵。①要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础;②要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表入里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从非凡到一般，通过分析、综合、判定等，进行深层处理，符合逻辑地推理。不能就是论事，断章取义，以偏概全。③要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。立足已知，推断未知。立足现在，猜测未来。不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点;④要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构。要体会文章的基调，揣摸作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展的方向，悟出作者的弦外之音。