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阅读理解

A little advice

  Allow me to give you a little advice about writing fiction. First, make your characters believable. Make sure that they behave and talk as individuals. In real life, everyone is unique. If all your characters speak the same way and react to things in the same way, you'll lose your readers from the start.

  Once your readers believe in your characters, you must get them to care. Each reader must be able to identify with at least one character, to almost become that character in his or her mind. You can do this by developing characters with genuine human traits, both good and bad. The individuals who populate your story should have human strengths and weaknesses.

  Now it's time to weave your tale, to create a plot. Your readers are part of the story now; they are involved.

  One last thing. Your story must touch the readers' emotions. If you can make them laugh and cry along with your characters, you will be a successful writer.

1.The first step to make your reader interested in your fiction is ________.

[  ]

A.to make him believe it is written to him only

B.to make your characters believable

C.to touch the readers emotions

D.to create interesting plots

2.How many pieces of advice does the writer give?

[  ]

A.One.
B.Two.
C.Three.
D.Four.

3.The underlined part in the first paragraph probably means ________.

[  ]

A.this kind of persons can only be found in fictions

B.they are honest persons in whom you can believe

C.the characters just behave and talk as the persons in real life

D.you can take the characters as examples

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科目:高中英语 来源:吉林省白城市普通高中2009-2010学年度高二下学期期中考试试卷(英语) 题型:阅读理解


第三部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Long long ago, there was an old merchant who had three sons。 “To which one shall I leave my fortune?” he wondered。 “It must be to the cleverest son。 But which one is the cleverest?”
He called his three sons to him。 “Here is some money,” he told them, “you must each take one coin to buy something that will fill this room。 Anyone who can do this shall have my fortune。”
“It is a big room,” said the eldest son。
“One coin will not buy very much,” said the second son。
But the youngest son said nothing。 He stood and thought, and then he smiled, “Come, brothers,” he said, “let us go to the market。”
The eldest son bought straw with his coin。 But one coin bought only a bit of straw。 Even when he had spread it as much as he could, the straw covered only a corner of the room。
The second son bought sand with his coin。 But one coin bought only a bit of sand。 Even when he had spread it as much as he could, the sand covered only half of the floor。
“What did you buy?” the eldest son angrily asked the youngest son。 “You don't have any straw。”
“Yes, what did you buy?” the second son asked angrily。 “You don't have any sand。”
“I bought this,” said the youngest son。
“A candle!” cried his brothers。 “What good is a candle?”
“Watch”, said the youngest son。
He lit the candle, and all at once the room was filled from wall to wall, from ceiling to floor。 It was filled with light!
“Although you are the youngest, you are indeed the cleverest of my sons,” the old merchant said。
And that is how, the old merchant left his fortune to his youngest son, the one who could fill a room with light。
46。 Who would get father's fortune according to his requirement?
A。 The oldest son。                       B。 The richest son。
C。 The cleverest son。                   D。 The silliest son。
47。 The merchant left his fortune to the son
A。 who would fill the room by using something which is worth one coin
B。 who would take care of him when he became old
C。 who wanted to get his fortune
D。 who got married first
48。 How do you think of the youngest son?
A。 He is very clever。               B。 He is very lazy。
C。 He is very mean。                 D。 He is very diligent。
49。 The youngest son used _____ to fill the room。
A。 straw             B。 candle         C。 sand            D。 water

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科目:高中英语 来源:重庆市20092010学年高二下学期期末考试试题(英语) 题型:阅读理解

第三部分:阅读理解(共20小题满分40分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项

My father was driving us to our grandparents’ house for our annual Christmas dinner. The closer we got to the turnoff (岔道) for my grandparents’ house, the slower the car went. Suddenly, my father U-turned in the middle of the road and said: “I can’t stand it!”

“What?” asked my mother.

“It’s those people back there at the Pan Am, standing in the rain. They’ve got children. It’s Christmas. I can’t stand it.”

When my father pulled into the service station, I saw that there were five of them: the parents and three children – two girls and a small boy.

My father rolled down his window. “Merry Christmas,” he said.

“Howdy (您好),” the man replied. He was very tall and had to stoop (弯腰) slightly to peer into the car.

My sisters Jill, Sharon, and I stared at the children, and they stared back at us.

“You’re getting wet standing here. Just a couple miles up the road there’s a shed (小棚) with a cover there, and some benches,” my father said. “Why don’t you all get in the car?”

The man thought about it for a moment, and then he waved to his family. They climbed into the car.

Once they settled in, my father looked back over his shoulder and asked the children if Santa had found them yet. Three unhappy faces gave him the answer.

“Well, I didn’t think so,” my father said, winking at my mother, “because when I saw Santa this morning, he told me that he was having trouble finding all, and he asked me if he could leave your toys at my house. We’ll just go to get them before I take you to the bus stop.”

All at once, the three children’s faces lit up, and they began to bounce around in the back seat, laughing and chattering.

When we got out of the car at our house, the three children ran through the front door and straight to the toys that were spread out under our Christmas tree. One of the girls spied Jill’s doll and hugged it to her breast. The little boy grabbed Sharon’s ball. And the other girl picked up something of mine.

We left them there at the bus stop in Winborn. As we drove away, I watched out the window as long as I could, looking back at the little girl hugging her new doll.

That was the Christmas when my sisters and I learned the joy of making others happy.

56. The writer’s father U-turned in the middle of the road because ______.

A. he could not stand the people at the service station

B. he could not bear the thought of leaving the people behind

C. he wanted to do something special for his parents

D. he wanted to help the family standing in the rain

57. The reason the father asked the kids if Santa had found them was probably that _____.

A. he knew the mention of Santa would lift their spirits

B. he once promised to receive them as guests in his house

C. he wanted to avoid embarrassing the family

D. he had met Santa and got the presents for the kids

58. How did the author feel at the end of the story?

A. She was pleased that they had been able to give the kids presents and make them happy.

B. She was unhappy remembering that they had been late for the Christmas dinner.

C. She was angry because she realized that she didn’t receive a Christmas gift that year.

D. She was puzzled by why her father had done this on Christmas.

59. What is the article mainly about?

A. How my family found the lost Santa.

B. The people at the service station.

C. The art of celebrating Christmas.

D. The joy of making others happy.

 

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科目:高中英语 来源:四川省2009-2010学年高一下学期期中考试试题(英语) 题型:阅读理解

 

第三部分  阅读理解(共20题,每小题2分,共40分)  

 “You can have the same neighbors for years,” the old man said. “You love them or you think you love them. And you hope that they love you. But do you really understand them?”

“Charlie Kemp and his family lived next door to me for fifteen years. We were good friends for all that time. I enjoy friendship-I’m sure it’s the best thing in the world. And friendship with the Kemps was easy because they seemed to wele it.”

“They were interesting and intelligent people; their home caught fire twice, and twice the whole family slept in my home. They were always losing things…money, keys, or watches. Pictures fell off the walls; the children fell out of beds…”

“I was their neighbor and their friend. Life was always interesting, never dull. Best of all I liked the whole family.”

“One day, I lit a fire in the garden and was burning some rubbish. After a while Charlie Kemp came out of his house and walked up the road.”

“’Morning Charlie,’ I said’ Lovely day, isn’t it’? He smiled at me and nodded. I went on with my work.”

“Twenty minutes later a policeman arrived. He walked into my garden and said,’ You’ll have to put out the fire. Your neighbor has plained to us. He doesn’t like the smell.’”

“My neighbor…?” I said

“Yes,” the policeman said .He took out his notebook and read, “Charlie Kemp. He lives next door, doesn’t he?”

1.    ________were neighbors in this storey.                                         

A. The old man and his family                 B. Charlie Kemps and his family.

C. The old man and the Kemps       D. Both A and B

2.    The old man found that it was very strange that_________.

 A. Charlie told the police about the fire                        B they often lost the things

 C. the fire burst the whole of the Kemps’ house      D Kemp smiled to him

3. How did the old man help the kemps?

A. he found the things they lost      B. he thought they were interesting and intelligent

C. he lent them money             D. he let them sleep in his house after the fires

4. The story shows that__________.

 A. friendship is the best thing in the world       B. we never really understand our friends

 C. friendship with the Kemps was easy           D. friendship with the Kemps was not easy

 

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科目:高中英语 来源:2010-2011学年云南省高三上学期第二次月考英语卷 题型:完型填空

I ran across an old photo of him the other day, thinking of some old things. He’s been dead for 25 years. His name was Rex.

36  was his favorite recreation(娱乐). He had so much 37 in the water as any person I have known. You didn’t have to throw a stick in the water to 38 him to go in. Of course, he would bring back a stick to you if you 39 throw one in.

That 40 me of that night, 41 he brought back a small box that he found somewhere--- how 42 nobody ever knew. Since it was Rex, it 43 easily have been half a race. The box wasn’t a good one. It was just a 44 old piece that somebody 45. Still it was something he wanted, probably 46 there was some difficulty in transportation(运输). And that he thought could test his courage. We first knew about his achievement when, deep in the night, we 47 him trying to get the box up onto the porch(门厅). It sounded 48 two or three people were trying to tear the house 49 . We came downstairs and turned on the 50 light. Rex was on the top step trying to pull the thing up, but it had 51somehow. And he was just holding his own(坚持着). I suppose he would have held his own 52 dawn if we hadn’t helped him. The next day we carried the box miles away and threw it out. If we had thrown it out in a 53 place, he would have brought it home again, as a small token(象征)of his strength in such matters. 54, he had been taught to carry heavy wooden objects about and he was 55 of his skill.

1.

A.

Fighting

B.

Swimming

C.

Barking

D.

Running

2.

A.

fun

B.

trouble

C.

danger

D.

difficulty

3.

A.

stop

B.

.make

C.

get

D.

have

4.

A.

will

B.

do

C.

did

D.

would

5.

A.

reminds

B.

warns

C.

tells

D.

.suggests

6.

A.

which

B.

while

C.

as

D.

when

7.

A.

far

B.

long

C.

old

D.

heavy

8.

A.

could

B.

can

C.

should

D.

would

9.

A.

priceless

B.

worthless

C.

valuable

D.

important

10.

A.

kept

B.

forgot

C.

deserted(遗弃)

D.

remained

11.

A.

because

B.

only if

C.

even if

D.

in case

12.

A.

saw

B.

heard

C.

watched

D.

caught

13.

A.

like

B.

that

C.

as if

D.

at least

14.

A.

up

B.

in

C.

away

D.

down

15.

A.

hall

B.

kitchen

C.

bedroom

D.

porch

16.

A.

rolled

B.

stopped

C.

caught

D.

broken

17.

A.

at

B.

before

C.

till

D.

during

18.

A.

distant

B.

nearby

C.

silent

D.

busy

19.

A.

In all

B.

As a result

C.

At last

D.

After all

20.

A.

proud

B.

tired

C.

ashamed

D.

doubtful

【答案】

21.B

22.A

23.C

24.C

25.A

26.D

27.A

28.A

29.B

30.C

31.A

32.B

33.C

34.D

35.D

36.C

37.C

38.B

39.D

40.A

【解析】略

【题型】完型填空

【适用】一般

【标题】2011届云南省昆明三中高三上学期第二次月考英语卷

【关键字标签】人物传记类

【结束】

11【题文】  With its budget of $80 million , John Woo as director, and an all-star cast(明星云集的演员阵容), Red Cliff is the most expensive and ambitious Asian-financed film ever. Last week I saw the release of the second part, and boy oh boy does it shows.

But watching the film as a foreigner I felt I was missing out on something. Not knowing my Cao Cao's from my Zhou Yu's, I was not even sure whom I wanted to win. Certainly after the opening scene, in which Cao Cao is seen watching a game of Cuju, an ancient Chinese variation of football, I knew who had my support. After all, any man who enjoys his football is someone after my own heart. But after Cao Cao resorted to some evil strategies against his enemies in the south, I wasn't so sure he was the man I should be rooting for.

And there is a lot more to Red Cliff 2 than just extravagant battle scenes. The film does not take itself too seriously. Conversations between leaders are littered with one-liners, many of which had the audience in laughter. There is even enough to keep fans of more romantic entertainment happy too. This includes a charming relationship between a southern spy(侦探)and an innocent northern soldier. The characters' interaction provides some genuinely heart-warming moments in the middle of the battle.

Clocking in at(结束于)around two hours, the film certainly does justice to the history story. When I walked out the cinema, I felt as drained(精疲力竭) as Cao Cao's soldiers must have 1,800 years ago.

41.By expressing “boy oh boy” in the first paragraph, the author seems to show that _______.

A.the film characters are like boys who are childish.

B.the film provides amazing and surprising scenes for audience.

C.the film is suitable for younger boys to watch.

D.the film scene is so bloody that boys shouldn’t watch it.

42.When did the author change his attitude toward Cao Cao?

A.When he read the history story about Cao Cao.

B.When he saw Cao Cao was watching a game of Cuju,

C.When he realized that Cao Cao took some bad measures to beat his enemies.

D.When he saw the romantic love story of Cao Cao and a southern spy.

43.The following factors of the film are all mentioned in the passage except_______.

A.high budget

B.leading roles

C.actors and actress

D.conversations

44.From the passage we can infer that_______.

A.the author is a football fan in a foreign country.

B.Cuju is the name of an ancient Chinese variation of football.

C.the film Red Cliff 2 lasts about two hours.

D.the author was very tired after about two hours’ battle.

【答案】

45.B

46.C

47.C

48.A

【解析】略

【题型】阅读理解

【适用】一般

【标题】2011届云南省昆明三中高三上学期第二次月考英语卷

【关键字标签】新闻报道类

【结束】

12【题文】Safety and Security Procedures

Your safety and the security of your personal property are of the primary concern to those of us who welcome you as our guest. We urge you to take advantage of the following suggestions.

YOUR VEHICLE

Lock your vehicle and do not leave money or valuable items inside. We are not responsible for their loss.

TRAVELING

Be good at noticing things around you when sightseeing or traveling. Stay in well-lit and heavily traveled areas. Don’t display large amounts of cash.

GUEST ROOM SECURITY

For additional security use the deadbolt (插锁) provided on your door and make sure the windows are locked. As an additional precautious measure, please secure the secondary locks provided. Do not admit anyone to your room without first making identification. A one-way viewer is provided in your door to assist with identification. If there is any doubt about the person’s identity, please contact the Front Desk.

SAFETY BOXES

Do not leave money or valuables in your room or vehicle. We provide free safety boxes for your use. Hotel is not responsible for items left in room valued over $200.

KEYS

Safeguard your key. Please do not leave it in the door. Do not give your key to others or leave it unattended. Please leave your key at the Front Desk when you check out.

REPORTING

Please report any suspicious activity, or safety concerns to management.

FIRE

Please familiarize yourself with the nearest fire exits. Report fire or smoke to the hotel operator. In the unlikely event of a fire, please move quickly and calmly to the nearest safe exit and leave the building. Avoid the use of elevator.

49.The suggestions are most probably from ______.

A.a hotel manager

B.a police officer

C.an experienced traveler

D.a tour guide

50.Which of the following is TRUE?

A.It is advised to travel to places where there are few people.

B.The hotel is not responsible for anything you lose.

C.Don’t report to the manager unless you are sure something is going wrong.

D.You’d better use the deadbolt and the secondary locks for safety.

51. If you feel doubtful about a stranger who knocks at the door, you should _____.

A.let the person in after you have got his/her name

B.open the door to check the person’s ID card

C.call the Front Desk to make sure

D.contact the local police for assistance

52.What does the underlined part “In the unlikely event of a fire” mean?

A.In case a fire happens, though it is not very possible

B.If a fire happens when some big events are taking place.

C.In case a fire happens in a public building.

D.If a fire breaks out and it is getting out of control.

【答案】

53.A

54.D

55.C

56.A

【解析】略

【题型】阅读理解

【适用】一般

【标题】2011届云南省昆明三中高三上学期第二次月考英语卷

【关键字标签】广告布告类

【结束】

13【题文】The new iPhone 3G should please everyone. Its look and feel are only slightly improved, but a faster network loads Web pages more quickly, true GPS functionality allows it to easily find places nearby, and the new $199 price (down from $400) makes it an affordable luxury.

Before deciding whether to buy, however, make sure you can actually take advantage of the iPhone 3G's high-speed data network. 3G stands for third-generation, which in non-geek speak translates to Web pages and mail messages that, ideally, load about three times faster than on the original iPhone. Even better, 3G coverage enables you to make a phone call and surf the Web at the same time. That's great, if you live or work in a place where the 3G network of AT&T(美国电话电报公司) (the sole wireless carrier of the iPhone) is active. That's not so great in cities like New York where AT&T's cellular coverage is awful. As one of my colleagues in New York City, who bought the original iPhone, commented, "It's just a toy. You can't make phone calls on it, so I carry my Verizon phone with me all the time."

The real fun begins when you tap on the icon called "App Store" and start browsing the hundreds of add-on applications that have been developed just for the iPhone. You'll find tons of games (I like JirboBreak, a free game inspired by the Atari classic Breakout) and mobile versions of popular websites like Pandora, Facebook, MySpace and the New York Times. Most apps will cost you, but the vast majority are $9.99 or less. The apps work on the old iPhones too, but you'll enjoy them a lot more on the iPhone 3G because many of the programs, including Yelp (local business reviews), Whrrl (mobile social networking) and UrbanSpoon (restaurant reviews), use your exact location — provided by the iPhone 3G's GPS chip — to make recommendations. The apps also load much faster over the 3G network.

57.The new iPhone 3G has following features except that _______

A.It looks and feels better

B.It has a faster network

C.It is easy to locate a place

D.It is too expensive for people to buy

58.Why do one of my colleagues carry Verizon phone with him all the time? ______.

A.Because iPhone 3G is just a toy.

B.ecause he prefers Verizon phone better.

C.Because AT&T's cellular coverage is terrible there

D.Because Verizon phone enables him make a phone call and surf the Web at the same time

59.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage. ____.

A.App Store will offer you great fun.

B.many apps have been developed for the iPhone.

C.Most apps are very expensive.

D.Pandora, Facebook, MySpace and the New York Times are popular websites.

60.From the passage we know that the attitude of the author toward iPhone 3G is _____.

A.doubtful

B.appreciative

C.optimistic

D.pessimistic

【答案】

61.D

62.C

63.C

64.B

【解析】略

【题型】阅读理解

【适用】一般

【标题】2011届云南省昆明三中高三上学期第二次月考英语卷

【关键字标签】经济类

【结束】

14【题文】Birds that are half-asleep—with one brain hemisphere (半球) alert and the other sleeping—control which side of the brain remains awake, according to a new study of sleeping ducks.

Earlier studies have documented half-brain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere’s eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once.

Decades of studies of bird groups led researchers to predict extra alertness in the end-of-the-row sleepers which tend to be attacked more easily. Sure enough, the end birds tended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference for gaze direction.

Also, birds napping at the end of the line depend on single-hemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, more often than inner ducks did. Turning 16 birds through the positions in a four-duck row, the researchers found that compared with 12 percent for birds in internal spots, outer birds half-asleep during some 32 percent of napping time.

“We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness at the same time in different regions of the brain,” the researchers say.

The results provide the best evidence for a long-standing assumption that single-hemisphere sleep evolved as creatures scanned for enemies. The preference for opening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts. He’s seen it in a pair of birds napping side-by-side in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by a mirror. The mirror-side eye closed as if the reflection were a companion and the other eye stayed open.

Useful as half-sleeping might be, it’s only been found in birds and such water animals as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.

Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep. Jerome M. Siegel of the UCLA says he wonders if birds’ half-brain sleep “is just the tip of the iceberg.” He supposes that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species.

65.According to the passage, birds often half sleep because ______.

A.they have to watch out for possible attacks

B.their brain hemispheres take turns to rest

C.the two halves of their brain are differently structured

D.they have to constantly keep an eye on their companions

66.What is implied about the example of a bird’s sleeping in front of a mirror?

A.An imagined companion gives the bird a sense of security.

B.Birds prefer to sleep in pairs for the sake of their security.

C.The phenomenon of birds napping in pairs is widespread.

D.A single pet bird enjoys seeing its own reflection in the mirror.

67. While sleeping, some water animals tend to keep half awake in order to ______.

A.alert themselves to the approaching enemy

B.emerge from water now and then to breathe

C.be sensitive to the ever-changing environment

D.avoid being swept away by rapid currents

68.By saying “just the tip of the iceberg”, Siegel suggests that ______.

A.half-brain sleep has something to do with icy weather

B.the mystery of half-brain sleep is close to being solved

C.most birds living in cold regions tend to be half sleepers

D.half-brain sleep may exist among other species

【答案】

69.A

70.A

71.B

72.D

【解析】略

【题型】阅读理解

【适用】一般

【标题】2011届云南省昆明三中高三上学期第二次月考英语卷

【关键字标签】科普类

【结束】

15【题文】People in China, as in other parts of the world, are waiting to see how U.S. President-elect Barack Obama will deal with global problems such as the current economic slowdown once he takes office. As Sam Beattie reports from Beijing, there is widespread hope for closer U.S.-Chinese cooperation.

For many students in Beijing, Mr. Obama symbolizes all that is possible in the United States. He's a popular winner here, seen as a self-made man who has made it to the top.

"I think he is very charming, and a president who can create a new era," said Zhang Wei, a university student. "I like him very much and most of my friends do too." Ni Weibo, another university student, agrees. "Sino-U.S. relations still need more cooperation," she said. "I think he will help take it to a new era."

China's President Hu Jintao congratulated Mr. Obama within hours of his victory, saying he hoped bilateral ties could be made stronger.

Political analysts here say China will be looking for the incoming president to avoid contentious issues such as Taiwan's independence, human rights and Tibet.

Instead, they say Beijing would like Mr. Obama to focus on solving the global economic crisis, and to help China's slowing economy by opening up U.S. markets.

But trade relations might be a sticking point, says Renmin University's Professor of International Studies, Shi Yinhong.

He warns, "There is a possibility that President Obama will take some protectionist measures which China will not accept, then trade disputes could develop to a degree that we have not seen ever before."

Despite making the headlines, Mr. Obama faces some tough challenges in managing the U.S. relationship with China. China is now a stronger and more confident country than the China his

predecessors dealt with. And in this time of economic uncertainty, analysts say it's a country with which Mr. Obama will want to maintain a good relationship.

73.What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?

A.Mr. Obama was popular with many students in Beijing mostly because he will take office soon.

B.Economic slowdown is the big problem that the world is facing and looking forward to solve except US

C.China’s President Hu Jintao congratulated Obama on his victory within hours.

D.Through Obama’s being elected, we can see all is possible in US and a new relationship may come.

74.What is not mentioned in this passage?

A.What Barack Obama is expected to do in dealing with the US-China relationship.

B.Why Barack Obama will maintain a good relationship with China.

C.How Barack Obama will deal with the current economic slowdown.

D.What image Barack Obama has given to Chinese people.

75. What does “ a sticking point”( in para.7 ) mean?

A.a twist point

B.a disputed point

C.a good beginning

D.a understanding point

76.What is the best title for this report?

A.US-Chinese Cooperation Under the Current Economic Slowdown

B.Obama, Seen As A Popular Winner In China

C.Chinese Want Stronger Ties With US Under Obama Administration

D.The Current Economic Problem faces China As Well As US

【答案】

77.D

78.C

79.B

80.C

【解析】略

【题型】阅读理解

【适用】一般

【标题】2011届云南省昆明三中高三上学期第二次月考英语卷

【关键字标签】政治经济文化类

【结束】

 

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科目:高中英语 来源:陕西省同步题 题型:阅读理解

阅读理解
A.  Goods for auction (拍卖) sales
B.  Definition of bidding
C.  Way to sell more goods by auction
D.  Auction sales in history
E.  Brief introduction to auctions
F.  Making a larger profit as an auctioneer
1.____
     Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer.He asks the
crowd assembled in the auctionroom to make offers, or "bids", for the various items on sale.He
encourages buyers to bid higher figures, and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods.
This is called "knocking down" the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer strikes a small
hammer on a table at which he stands.
2. _____
     The ancient Roman probably invented sales by auction, and the English word comes from the Latin
auction, meaning "increasing". The Romans usually sold in this way the goods taken in war.In England
in the eighteenth centuries, goods were often sold "by the candle": a short candle was lit by the auctioneer, and bids could be made while it stayed alight.
3. _____
     Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction.Among these are coffee, skins, wool,
tea, furs, silk and wines.Auction sales are also usual for land and property, furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and similar works of art.
4. _____
     An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where
and when they can be viewed by potential buyers.If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues
are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a "lot", is usually given a number.The
auctioneer need not begin with Lot 1 and continue in the order of numbers: he may wait until he notices
the fact that certain buyers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in.
5. _____
     The auctioneer's services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for.
The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible.He will not
waste time by starting the bidding too low.He will also play on the opponents among his buyers and
succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competitors to bid against each other.

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