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—Did you know any French before you arrived in Washington? —Never ___ it, actually.
A.had I learned B.have I learned C.I learnedD.was I learning
A

试题分析:考查倒转句和时态。当否定词或者半否定词放在句首的时候,后面的句子使用部分倒装的形式。本题的never属于否定词,放在句首,后面使用部分倒装的形式。句意:—在你来华盛顿之前,你会一些法语吗?—我从来都没有学过。说明学法语是在来华盛顿之前,来华盛顿都使用了过去时,在这之前使用过去完成时。
点评:当否定词或者半否定词放在句首的时候,后面的句子使用部分倒装的形式。部分倒装:
部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前,或把句子的强调成分提前。
Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he has always dreamt about(疾病没有使他放弃过上梦想中的生活)
1) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法:
例:Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.(小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。)
In no country other than Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.(据说除了英国世界上没有哪个国家能让人在一天中感受到四季变化)
2) 以否定副词开头并加状语放在句首的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely…… when, never, no sooner…… than, rarely, no more, not nearly, not only等以及only。
Only in the country can you learn the “true English”.
3)一些如scarcely……when, no sooner ……than, hardly……when引导的主从复合句主句要求使用过去完成式。
注意:在部分倒装句中,只有助动词、情态动词或连系动词to be可以置于主语之前,其它部分都要置于主语之后。
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