Question

【题目】 For generations, students were taught to stretch before playing games. Then the practice fell out of favor. Studies seemed to show that such stretching temporarily reduces muscular power, weakens athletic performance and increases the risk of injury. So most fitness experts currently advise against stretches before exercise. But now a new research indicates that they might not be such a bad idea after all.

This month, the journal, Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism (APNM), published a study by four distinguished exercise scientists who analyzed more than 200 studies of how stretching affects the following exercise. In broad terms, they found that stretching can briefly prevent the ability to generate power. So if you reach for your toes and hold that position, tightening your hamstrings (腿筋), you might not then be able to leap as high or start a dash as forcefully as you don’t stretch.

Those undesirable effects were generally found, however, only if each stretch was held for more than 60 seconds and the subject then immediately became fully active, with no further warm-up. “Outside the lab, most people are unlikely to hold a warm-up stretch for longer than about 30 seconds.” Dr. McHugh, the co-author of the study says. The review found few lasting negative impacts from these short stretches, especially if the volunteers followed that stretching with several minutes of jogging or other basic warm-up movements. In fact, these short stretches turned out to have a positive effect.

Do these findings mean that all the athletes should stretch in advance before a match? “Not necessarily,” Dr. McHugh says, “Runners and cyclists don’t have much risk for acute muscle injuries.” Stretching before these activities is unlikely to protect against injury. Runners and cyclists can adequately warm up by jogging or pedaling lightly. But he suggests that people who play basketball and other ball sports should stretch in advance. Those who haven’t stretched since childhood gym class might want to consider consulting an athletic trainer about the best upper and lower body stretches, particularly for the shoulders and hamstrings.

【1】According to the new research, people may suffer negative impacts when _______.

A.they do stretches after attending a game

B.they reach for toes and hold that position

C.following a stretch with several minutes’ jogging

D.dashing immediately after one 60-second plus stretch

【2】We can learn from the passage that _______.

A.all athletes should not stretch in advance

B.the four scientists published the journal APNM

C.it’s unnecessary for a tennis player to do warm-up stretches

D.players ought to have done warm-up stretches since childhood

【3】What’s Dr. McHugh’s attitude toward stretches?

A.Concerned.B.Doubtful.

C.Disapproving.D.Objective.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】A

【3】D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了比赛前是否要进行热身运动的研究结果。

【1】推理判断题。根据第二段they found that stretching can briefly prevent the ability to generate power. So if you reach for your toes and hold that position, tightening your hamstrings (腿筋), you might not then be able to leap as high or start a dash as forcefully as you don’t stretch.可知，伸展运动可能会短暂地阻止产生能量的能力，如果运动前做伸展运动，可能无法像不拉伸以前一样，跳得高或冲劲猛。所以60秒拉伸后猛冲会有负面影响。故选D。

【2】推理判断题。根据最后一段Do these findings mean that all the athletes should stretch in advance before a match? “Not necessarily,”可知，发现表明并不是所有运动员都要比赛前热身，要区别对待。故选A。

【3】推理判断题。根据最后一段Dr. McHugh对热身的观点Stretching before these activities is unlikely to protect against injury. Runners and cyclists can adequately warm up by jogging or pedaling lightly. But he suggests that people who play basketball and other ball sports should stretch in advance.可知，不能千篇一律，要区别对待。可见他对此是比较客观的。故选D。