【题目】We humans spend about one-third of life asleep. Sleep helps us stay healthy, and it also helps our brain remember. Our brains need good sleep to remember what we do and learn during the other two thirds of our life when we are awake. Besides keeping us healthy, some new research shows that a good night’s sleep helps make us more intelligent.
Researcher at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have found that sleep helps improve brain performance by shrinking synapses in the brain. A synapse is the area where cells pass messages to other cells.
Cirelli is a leading scientist at the school’s Center for Sleep and Consciousness. She found that sleep is when the human brain mixes information it has learned while awake into its general collection of knowledge. However, the brain forgets unimportant details. This forgetting is important. It makes space for new learning and new memories.
Cirelli said that the Center’s research began with this hypothesis: We sleep so that our brain can repair and refresh itself. She said the idea seems simple and reasonable. However, testing and discovering how it works has been extremely difficult. Cirelli and Center director Giulio Tononi have been trying to prove the connection between sleep and the brain’s synapses since 2003. Cirelli said the researchers knew that “stronger synapses are also bigger.” So, they began their study by “measuring the size of the synapses” in the brain.
They also knew that during sleep, the brain checks on all its synapses and resets itself for the next day. The team wanted to see if the synapses of the brain are bigger after being awake all day and smaller after a good night’s sleep. Synapses are only about 20-40 nanometers wide. So, the team looked for changes in these already tiny spaces between nerve cells. The team had lo wail until improvements in laboratory technology made it possible to see these tiny changes.
Cirelli says they found that synapse size and strength are upset by being awake and restored by sleeping. She says our synapses shrink as our brains clean themselves during sleep. We wake up refreshed and ready to fill those synapses with new information.
【1】Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Sleep can only keep us healthy.
B. Sleep can help our brain function better.
C. Sleep can mix all the information.
D. Sleep can take up two-thirds of our life.
【2】What does it refer to in Paragraph 4?
A. The measuring the size of the synapses.
B. The space for new learning and new memories.
C. The way our brain can repair and refresh itself.
D. The connection between sleep and the brain’s synapses.
【答案】
【1】B
【2】C
【解析】试题分析:本文主要讲述了睡眠有助于大脑的收缩,从而改善大脑表现。良好的睡眠除了让我们保持健康,还有助于我们变得更聪明。
【1】B细节理解题,根据文章第一段最后Besides keeping us healthy, some new research shows that a good night’s sleep helps make us more intelligent.可知睡眠除了可以让我们身体健康,还可以有助于我们的大脑变得更聪明,故A描述片面,B正确。根据文章第二段She found that sleep is when the human brain mixes information it has learned while awake into its general collection of knowledge. However, the brain forgets unimportant details可知当人们的大脑把它在清醒时学到的知识混合在一起时,就会产生睡眠,然而,大脑忘记了不重要的细节可知C不正确,根据文章第一句We humans spend about one-third of life asleep 可知我们有三分之一的时间在睡觉,可知D不正确。故选B。
【2】C推理判断题,根据文章第一段内容可知大脑有自己的方式来修复和更新,故选C。
科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:
【题目】The walls of failure surrounded me.My teacher's eyes stared at my every move.My mom's blank expression showed【1】(disappoint).“He is not giving his full potential,”I heard my teacher say.I gazed down,afraid,ashamed, and【2】(determine).My determination was not to put my best effort to improve but to give up.
My native language is Spanish.【3】hard I tried,English would not take root in my brain.I tried hours on end 【4】(improve) my grammar,pronunciation,and vocabulary.After the parent-teacher conference,my mother【5】(tell) that I was totally lacking interest.I spent that whole afternoon listening to my mother tell me【6】I should try.“You can never achieve what you do not try,she told me.The simple statement stuck deeply【7】my rune-year-old mind.
The next day,I found myself learning English words I never knew.A simple change in attitude made me successfully learn those words.My teacher's welcoming smile,patience,and bright attitude,in addition to my desire to learn,were enough to make【8】difference.Within days,I found【9】(I) having complete conversations in English and even【10】(use) idioms correctly.My mother's words helped me to learn that success in life requires desire.
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:
【题目】根据短文理解,选择正确答案。
Sometimes you'll hear people say that you can't love others until you love yourself. Sometimes you'll hear people say that you can't expect someone else to love you until you love yourself. Either way, you've got to love yourself first and this can be tricky(狡猾的). Sure we all know that we're the apple of our parents' eyes, and that our Grandmas think we're great talents(天才) and our Uncle Roberts think that we will go to the Olympics. But sometimes it's a lot harder to think such nice thoughts about ourselves. If you find that believing in yourself is a challenge, it is time you build a positive self-image and learn to love yourself.
Self-image is your own mind's picture of yourself. This image includes the way you look, the way you act, the way you talk and the way you think. Interestingly, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about us. Unfortunately, most of these images are more negative than they should be. Thus changing the way you think about yourself is the key to changing your self-image and your whole world.
The best way to defeat a passive self-image is to step back and decide to stress your successes. That is, make a list if you need to, but write down all of the great things you do every day. Don't allow doubts to occur in it.
It very well might be that you are experiencing a negative self-image because you can't move past one flaw or weakness that you see about yourself. Well, roll up your sleeves and make a change of it as your primary task. If you think you're silly because you aren't good at math, find a tutor. If you think you're weak because you can't run a mile, get to the track and practice. If you think you're dull because you don't wear the latest trends, buy a few new clothes. But remember, although you think it is so, it doesn't mean it's true.
The best way to get rid of a negative self-image is to realize that your image is far from objective(客观的), and to actively convince(客观的) yourself of your positive qualities. Changing the way you think and working on those you need to improve will go a long way towards promoting(提升) a positive self-image. When you can pat(拍) yourself on the back, you'll know you're well on your way. Good luck!
(1)You need to build a positive self-image when you _________.
A.dare to challenge yourself
B.feel it hard to change yourself
C.are not confident about yourself
D.have a high opinion of yourself
(2)How should you change your self-image according to the passage?
A.To keep a different image of others.
B.To make your life successful.
C.To understand your own world.
D.To change the way you think.
(3)What is the passage mainly about?
A.How to prepare for your success.
B.How to face challenges in your life.
C.How to build a positive self-image.
D.How to develop your good qualities.
(4)Who are the intended readers of the passage?
A.Parents.
B.Adolescents.
C.Educators.
D.People in general.
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:
【题目】根据短文理解,选择正确答案。
Dreams can be familiar and strange, fantastical or boring, but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. No one knows for certain why people dream, but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. In a recent study, scientists found a connection between nap-time dreams and better memory in people who were learning a new skill.
In the study, 99 college students between the ages of 18 and 30 each spent an hour on a computer, trying to get through a virtual maze(迷宫). The maze was difficult, and the study participants had to start in a different place each time they tried — making it even more difficult. They were also told to find a particular picture of a tree and remember where it was.
For the first 90 minutes of a five-hour break, half of the participants stayed awake and half were told to take a short nap. Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts. Participants who took a nap were asked about their dream after sleep — and they were awakened within a minute of sleep to describe their dreams.
Stickgold, a neuroscientist (神经科学家), to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren't moving, during sleep.
Four of the 50 people who slept said their dreams were connected to the maze. Some dreamed about the music that had been playing when they were working; others said they dreamed about seeing people in the maze. When these four people tried the computer maze again, they were able to find the tree faster than before their naps.
Stickgold suggests the dream itself doesn't help a person learn — it's the other way around. He suspects that the dream was caused by the brain processes associated with learning.
All four of the people who dreamed about the task had done poorly the first time, which makes Stickgold wonder if the dreams show up when a person finds a new task particularly difficult. People who had other dreams, or people who didn't take a nap, didn't show the same improvement.
(1)Before having a short nap, participants of the experiment were asked to ________.
A.stay in different place in the maze
B.design a virtual maze which is difficult to get through
C.experience the experiment and try to remember something
D.get through a virtual maze on a computer from the same place
(2)After doing what they were asked on computers, participants ________.
A.were divided into two groups to do different things at break
B.were so tired as to fall asleep
C.felt bored with the experiment and they were sleepy
D.were asked to remember their experiment separately
(3)What can we learn from the passage?
A.Participants who took a nap were required to express their thought.
B.Some dreams may encourage people to invent something new.
C.Participants who dreamed about films could finish the task more easily.
D.Participants whose dreams had something to do with the maze could find the tree faster.
(4)According to Stickgold, ________.
A.every person may dream about what they learned
B.people's brain processes may still be connected with their learning in their dreams
C.once people's eyes stop moving, they are sure to dream about something
D.no matter how fantastical or boring, dreams are connected with people's life
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:
【题目】阅读理解
When I graduated from college I dreamed of being a television news reporter. Having no experience, I had to work in a small town until I finally got my big break in the form of a job in Boston. I made it.
Soon, reality set in. I was too often sent to run after accused criminals out of courts, waiting outside of crime scene tape or at the doorstep of a family still crying for tragedy (悲剧). My breaking point came the day I accidentally informed a young woman that her mother died. It was the worst day of my professional life and the day I decided I no longer wanted to shine a light on these stories. My career was ebbing, and at the same time my personal life was too-I divorced.
My mom had always told me “When you're feeling extremely upset, go help someone else.” So I started seeking out stories of people who had been in the news under tragic circumstances but were doing something inspiring with their lives: a young girl who was paralyzed (瘫痪的) by an accident but was uplifting her classmates with her positive spirit, a blind and autistic (自闭的) musician who learned to play 27 instruments, a disabled soldier who opened his own art studio. I started to tell and promote stories like them.
Over the last 10 years I have discovered my kindness gift: my ability to see the beautiful side of a person and reflect it back to them and the world. In telling stories of people turning their own hurt into acts of helping others I have become more sympathetic, more grateful and kinder. I have learned kindness is who we are, that our power for it is limitless and that, as we shine a light on it, it grows.
(1)What changed the author's working direction in his job in Boston?
A.The tragedy in the society
B.The low payment of the job
C.The hurt from his divorce
D.The fear of cruel criminals
(2)What is the meaning of the underlined word “ebbing” in paragraph 2?
A.taking off
B.getting into trouble
C.unchangeable at all
D.dull but important
(3)What the author's mother said means .
A.helping others is a way to escape from reality
B.helping others can comfort your soul
C.the best way of helping others is telling stories
D.it is difficult to make contributions to helping others
(4)According to the last paragraph, what does the author advise us to do?
A.To tell inspiring stories.
B.To fight against criminals.
C.To ignore our own hurt.
D.To do as much kindness as possible.
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:
【题目】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1).每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2).只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Bruce,
I'm very excited to learn from that you will start an English magazine called New Babel. That sounds great and I definitely agree with you on that.
Some of the columns mention in the letter are really my cup of tea. “Cultural Express” gives us better understanding of the world. Unless people from different parts of the world have different value, it's necessary to learn from each other. Apart from that, “Thoughts” is pretty good for us Chinese students to open our minds and practice their critical thinking. “Entertainment” is amazing! The stories about those popular celebrities are so attractively that we absolutely can't miss this part. As is often the case, teenagers were fond of popular things.
Well, I can't list less. I really look forward to read this magazine.
Yours,
Thomas
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:
【题目】假如你是李华,你代表学校给外教John写一封信,请他对你校正在创建的英语口语教室提点建议。内容包括:
1.口语教室的重要性;
2.主要功能(上口语课,举办各类活动);
3.征求建议。
注意:
1.词数80左右,开头已为你写好;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear John,
I’m Li Hua, one of your students from Grade Three.
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Looking forward to your reply!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:
【题目】假如你是李华,你的英国朋友Bob被选中代表他们学校参加11月15日即在长沙举办的汉语桥,他不知道如何准备,向你征求建议,请你给他写封回信,给出你的建议并表达你的美好祝愿。
注意:字数110左右,可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Bob,
I’m more than glad to hear that
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Yours,
Li Hua.
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:
【题目】阅读理解Mini Book Excerpts (节选)
Biography
When Salinger learned that a car park was to be built on the land, the middle-aged writer was shocked and quickly bought the neighboring area to protect it… The townspeople never forgot the rescue and came to help their most famous neighbor.
J. D. Salinger: A Life by Kenneth Slawenski (Random House, $ 27)
Mystery
“You're a smart boy. Benny's death was no accident, and you're the only one who saw it happen. Do you think the murderer should get away with it?” The boy was staring stubbornly at his lap again.
A thought suddenly occurred to Annika, “Did you... You recognized the man in the car, didn't you?”
The boy hesitated, twisting his fingers. “Maybe,” he said quietly.
Red Wolf by Liza Marklund (Atria Books, $ 25.99)
Short Stories
She wants to say to him what she has learned, none of it in class. Some women are born stupid, and some women are too smart for their own good. Some women are born to give, and some women only know how to take. Some women learn who they want to be from their mothers, some who they don't want to be. Some mothers suffer so their daughters won't. Some mothers suffer so their daughters won't.
You Are Free by Danzy Senna (Riverhead Books, $ 15)
Humor
Do your kids like to have fun? Come to Fun Times! Do you like to watch your kids having fun? Bring them to Fun Times! Fun Times's “amusement cycling” is the most fun you can have in the United States right now. Why spend thousands of dollars flying to Disney World when you can spend less than half to that within a day's drive in most cities?
Happy And Other Bad Thoughts by Larry Doyle (Ecco, $ 14.99)
(1)What did Salinger do for his town?
A.He built a car park.
B.He tried to protect its land.
C.He wrote some good novels.
D.He rescued many townspeople.
(2)The book You Are Free is mainly about .
A.smart children
B.happy daughters
C.different women
D.suffering mothers
(3)Which book should readers choose, if they want to know something about Fun Times?
A.Red Wolf.
B.You Are Free.
C.J.D Salinger: A Life.
D.Happy And Other Bad Thoughts.
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