The octopus’s（章鱼）reputation as a human-killer isn’t simply an exaggeration（夸张）—it is a total myth. The octopus can indeed be a deadly hunter, but only of its natural victims. Some shellfish（壳类动物）and an occasional sick or incautious fish have reason to be frightened of this multi-armed hunter, but a person is much too large to interest even the biggest octopus. Even the largest among octopi is much smaller than most people imagine. Far from being large enough to swallow a ship, as monster octopi in movies have been known to do, the largest octopus, found on the Pacific coast, weighs around 110 pounds and grows to no more than ten feet in width.
The hard, parrot-like beak（喙）of an octopus is not used for attacking deep-sea divers, but for cutting open shellfish. Indeed, the octopus possesses such a tiny throat that it cannot swallow large pieces of meat. Instead, it feeds by pouring digestive juices into its victims, and then sucking up the soupy remains. A shellfish that finds itself in the grasp of an octopus has only a short time to live. But human beings are perfectly safe. Still, people rarely care to go close enough to these careful creatures to get a good look at them.
【小题1】This passage is mainly about .
| A．the horrors of the octopus |
| B．the largest octopus in the world |
| C．octopi and their behavior |
| D．the octopus’s deadly hunting method |
| A．people have unreasonable fears about the octopus |
| B．the octopus is not interested in human beings |
| C．the octopus is afraid of human beings |
| D．the octopus is a very cruel sea animal |
| A．Octopi. | B．Shellfish. | C．Fish. | D．The victims. |
| A．attacking deep-sea divers | B．cutting up large pieces of meat |
| C．cutting open its victims | D．defending itself |
| A．the octopus is not dangerous to man |
| B．people often fear creatures that are not dangerous to them |
| C．the octopus only hunts its natural victims |
| D．things described in movies are not to be believed |
【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】A
【小题4】C
【小题5】A
解析试题分析：文章介绍了章鱼和它们的习性，也解释了人们对章鱼作为人类杀手的误解。消除人们对章鱼的害怕。
【小题1】主旨题：从全篇文章的第一段的句子：it is a total myth. The octopus can indeed be a deadly hunter, but only of its natural victims.可知文章介绍了章鱼和它们的习性，选C
【小题2】推理题：从最后一段的句子：But human beings are perfectly safe. Still, people rarely care to go close enough to these careful creatures to get a good look at them.
可以推断出人们对于章鱼有着莫名的恐惧，选A
【小题3】猜词题：从最后一句话：A shellfish that finds itself in the grasp of an octopus has only a short time to live.可知贝壳类被章鱼抓住只能存活很短时间，但是人很安全，可是人还是不敢看这种温顺动物，说明这种温顺动物是章鱼，选A
【小题4】细节题：从第二段的句子：The hard, parrot-like beak（喙）of an octopus is not used for attacking deep-sea divers, but for cutting open shellfish. 可知章鱼的硬喙是用来咬开贝类的，选C
【小题5】总结题：从最后一句话：But human beings are perfectly safe. Still, people rarely care to go close enough to these careful creatures to get a good look at them.可知对人来说，章鱼是没有威胁的，选A
考点：考查知识类短文
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【小题1】The author wrote the passage mainly to tell us _____.
| A．the importance of blankets |
| B．how to choose the perfect blanket |
| C．different materials used to make blankets |
| D．the history and usage of blankets |
| A．wake up | B．take up | C．make up | D．pick up |
| A．Body temperature rises when we fall asleep |
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| C．Weighted blankets should be at least 30 pounds. |
| D．People are advised to use their own blankets. |
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| A．warm the earth to a proper level for life |
| B．protect the earth from dangerous sun rays |
| C．make all life on the earth in a dangerous situation |
| D．prevent human beings from being harmed from the earth |
| A．Scientists aren’t sure what has destroyed part of the ozone layer. |
| B．Scientists recently have discovered a hole in the Antarctica. |
| C．Scientists prove that spray cans have destroyed part of the ozone layer. |
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| C．scientists can’t afford so much money to take measures |
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【小题1】The study done by Rob Swihart and Jake Goheen is to ________.
| A．find out the living conditions for squirrels |
| B．learn squirrels’ influence on black walnut trees |
| C．do something to get rid of squirrels |
| D．save the forests in the American state of Indiana |
| A．the way they gather the walnut |
| B．the time they have winter sleep |
| C．the place they have winter sleep |
| D．the place they store the walnuts |
| A．red squirrels eat more nuts than gray squirrels |
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| A．The black walnut is equally attractive to both gray and red squirrels. |
| B．Gray squirrels do more harm to the forest than red squirrels. |
| C．Red squirrels and gray squirrels have helped the spread of walnut trees. |
| D．The cleaning of forest land benefits red squirrels directly. |
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【小题1】The underlined word “longevity” in the second paragraph probably refers to ________.
| A．health | B．long life | C．ageing | D．effect |
| A．men’s heart cells | B．women’s ageing process |
| C．the gender difference | D．hearts and long life |
| A．women have more cells than men when they are born |
| B．women can replace the cells that enable the heart to beat |
| C．the female heart loses few of the cells with age |
| D．women never lose their pumping power with age |
| A．enable your heart to beat much faster | B．find out the reason for ageing |
| C．exercise regularly to keep your heart healthy | D．prevent your cells from being lost |
| A．the reason why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart has been found out |
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| C．the team has done something to prevent the male from suffering the greater loss |
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【小题1】According to the text, jet lag _____.
| A．can cause difficulties in speaking |
| B．can make people feel tired for a few weeks |
| C．is the illness only found in people who work on the airplanes |
| D．can be caused by flying over several time zones in an airplane |
| A．the conclusion was questioned by many scientists |
| B．scientists fear that his research is not done properly |
| C．every scientific conclusion needs the support from many tests |
| D．the woman who were studied in the research were not healthy |
| A．The cause of jet lag. |
| B．A story of a group of flight attendance. |
| C．A research about the effects of jet lag on the brain. |
| D．The importance of having enough rest after long flights. |
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【小题1】The passage is mainly about______.
| A．how lemmings find food |
| B．why animals kill themselves |
| C．the lemmings’ self-killing |
| D．the food supply in the Scandinavian mountains |
| A．go mad from a lack of food |
| B．hope to find fish for food |
| C．decide to reduce the population |
| D．think they can cross the sea |
| A．Because they are the only animals that live in Scandinavia. |
| B．Because it is very unusual for animals to kill themselves. |
| C．Because of the amount of food they can eat on their march to the sea. |
| D．Because they can gather together in such huge numbers. |
| A．unusual | B．single | C．wonderful | D．common |
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