People who have lost the ability to understand or use words due to brain damage are called aphasics(失语症患者). Such patients can be extremely good at something else. From the changing expressions on speakers’ faces and the tones of their voices, they can tell lies from truths.
Doctors studying the human brain have given a number of examples of this amazing power of aphasics. Some have even compared this power to that of a dog with an ability to find out the drugs hidden in the baggage.
Recently, scientists carried out tests to see if all that was said about aphasics was true. They studied a mixed group of people. Some were normal; others were aphasics. It was proved that the aphasics were far ahead of the normal people in recognizing false speeches — in most cases, the normal people were fooled by words, but the aphasics were not.
Some years ago, Dr. Oliver Sacks wrote in his book about his experiences with aphasics. He mentioned a particular case in a hospital. Some aphasics were watching the president giving a speech on TV. Since the president had been an actor earlier, making a good speech was no problem for him. He was trying to put his feelings into every word of his speech.
But his way of speaking had the opposite effect on the patients. They didn’t seem to believe him. Instead, they burst into laughter. The aphasics knew that the president did not mean a word of what he was saying. He was lying!
Many doctors see aphasics as people who are not completely normal because they lack the ability to understand words. However, according to Dr. Sacks, they are more gifted than normal people. Normal people may get carried away by words. Aphasics seem to understand human expressions better, though they cannot understand words.
1.What is so surprising about aphasics?
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A．They can fool other people. |
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B．They can find out the hidden drugs. |
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C．They can tell whether people are lying. |
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D．They can understand language better. |
2. How did the scientists study aphasics?
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A．By asking them to watch TV together. |
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B．By comparing them with normal people. |
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C．By organizing them into acting groups. |
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D．By giving them chances to speak on TV. |
3.What do we learn from this text?
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A．People poor at one thing can be good at another. |
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B．What one says reflects how one feels. |
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C．Aphasics have richer feelings than others. |
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D．Normal people often tell lies in their speeches. |
1.C
2.B
3.A
【解析】
试题分析:
1.这是一道细节题。根据第一段中的“From the changing expressions on speakers’ faces and the tones of their voices,they can tell lies from truths.”可判断出失语症患者最令人吃惊的是他们能搞清楚人们是否说谎，故选C。
2.这是一道细节题。根据第三段中的“Recently,scientists carried out tests to see if all that was said about aphasics was true. They studied a mixed group of people. Some were normal; others were aphasics.”可判断出科学家通过把失语症患者与正常人进行比较的办法对他们进行研究。
因此，答案为 B。
3.这是一道推断题。短文的第一段“People who have lost the ability to understand or use words due to brain damage are called aphasics. Such patients can be extremely good at something else.”和第三段“Recently,scientists carried out tests to see if all that was said about aphasics was true. They studied a mixed group of people. Some were normal; others were aphasics.”是这篇短文的主题句。故选A。
考点：本篇是社会类文章
点评：本文介绍了失语症患者虽然由于大脑损伤而失去了理解和使用语言的能力，但他们能够根据说话人的面部表情是说话的语调区分出他们说的是谎话还是真话。由此可推断出在某个方面能力弱的人可能在其他方面能力强。对于文章中的细节题，要注意文章中的细节的理解。推断题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
阶梯计算系列答案科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
Health researchers have noticed that some groups of people are more consistently healthy than others, and wondered… Is it race? Income? Where you live? In the United States, these disagreements in health outcomes have been the focus of intense research for the past several decades.
Harvard University health policy researcher Ellen Meara says scholars have found some clues as to why some groups of people have more or less disease than others. She says one important factor in people’s health is the amount of education they have.
In her most recent paper, Meara looked at data from the United states census. These counts of people occur every 10 years. Meara and her colleagues examined data from several decades.
“We looked at life expectancy(预测寿命) at age 25,” Meara says.
“How many additional years can you expect to live if you arrive at age 25 and your education has stopped at high school, or sooner? Versus how many years, can you expect to live if you’ve reached aged 25 and you’ve gone on to at least some college…”
Meara says they found that in 1990, a 25-year-old who only had some secondary school could expect to live for a total of 75 years. In 2000, a 25-year-old with some secondary education could also expect to live to the age of 75.
In contrast, for a better educated 25-year-old, they could expect to live to the age of 80 in 1990. Someone with a similar education level in the year 2000, could expect to live to be more than 81 years, 81.6 years to be exact.
Meara says, not only do better-educated people live longer to begin with, but in the past ten years, more educated people have made gains in the length of their lives. Meanwhile, the life expectancy hasn’t changed for less educated people.
Some of these gains can be explained. Meara says researchers know that people who are more educated are more likely to quit smoking cigarettes, or not start at all, compared to people with less education.
“I think it’s a reminder not to be satisfactory,” Meara says. “Just because a population overall appears to be getting healthier, it doesn’t always mean that those advantages and successes that many people have enjoyed really extend into all parts of the population. And I think that’s something to really pay attention to regardless of whether you live in the US or elsewhere.”
Meara points out that education can often determine income---people with more education frequently make more money. This makes them aware of health care, and purchase other resources and services that can keep them healthier. But the data on income do NOT show that people who make more money are automatically healthier.
Meara says education is key. People need to be educated in order to take advantage of opportunities for better health.
| Title | The Amount of Contributes to People’s Health | ||||
| The less educated people | The ______ educated people | ||||
| Comparisons | In 1990 | They could live for 75 years | They could live to the age of 80 | ||
| In 2000 | Their life expectancy was the same as in 1990. | They could live to the age of 81.6 ____ | |||
| ___ of the research | In the past ten years | Their life expectancy remained _____. | They’ve made gains in the length of their lives, partly due to their __ smoking. | ||
| People are getting healthier, but it doesn’t mean that the advantages and successes extend into all parts of the ____. | |||||
| Education____income. | People with more education make more money | ||||
| Getting more money helps to increase their___ of health care, which can keep them healthier. | |||||
| ____ | Education is the key to better health. | ||||
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I 5 to be one of people on the way to work that morning. I went from subway line to subway line only to find that most 6 had stopped. After making my way 7 crowds of people, I finally found a subway line that was 8. Unfortunately, there were so many people waiting to 9 the subway that I could not even get down the stairs to the 10 . So I took the train going in the opposite direction, and then switched back to the downtown train.
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7. A. to B. through C. over D. for
8. A. operating B. cycling C. turning D. rushing
9. A. check B. carry C. find D. board
10. A. street B. ground C. floor D. platform
11. A. paused B. crossed C. reached D. parked
12. A. wet B. weak C. sick D. hurt
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14. A. while B. when C. where D. after
15. A. hardly B. casually C. absolutely D. eventually
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17. A. accurate B. urgent C. brief D. humorous
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