Christian Eijkman, a Dutch doctor, left the Netherlands for the island of Java. Many people on the island had a disease called beri-beri. He was going there to try and find a cure.
At first, Eijkman thought some kind of germ (细菌) caused beri-beri. He raised some chickens. He didn’t eat them, but made experiments on them. The local people were quite surprised at that. One day he noticed that his chickens became sick when they were fed the food most Javanese ate — refined white rice (精炼米). When he fed them with unrefined rice, also known as brown rice, they recovered. Eijkman realized that he had made an important discovery — that some things in food could prevent disease. These things were named vitamins (维生素). The Javanese were not getting enough vitamins because they had actually removed the part that contains vitamins. Later, other diseases were also found to be caused by the lack of vitamins in a person’s food.
Today many people know the importance of vitamins and they make sure they have enough vitamins from the food they eat. If they don’t, they can also take vitamin pills.
【小题1】The underlined word “cure” in Paragraph 1 probably means ______.
| A．a medical treatment | B．a kind of vitamin | C．a kind of germ | D．a kind of rice |
| A．spend his holiday |
| B．find ways to grow better crops |
| C．do some research about the island |
| D．help the Javanese with their illness |
| A．To eat them. |
| B．To carry out his experiments. |
| C．To give the Javanese a surprise. |
| D．To make money by selling them. |
| A．eat more rice | B．eat more meat | C．eat some chicken | D．eat vitamin pills |
| A．beri-beri was caused by chickens |
| B．the Javanese didn’t like vitamins |
| C．Christian Eijkman’s experiment was successful |
| D．the Javanese’s disease was caused by a kind of germ |
【小题1】A
【小题2】D
【小题3】B
【小题4】D
【小题5】C
解析试题分析：本文讲述Christian Eijkman医生在爪哇的一个岛上为当地人治病时，拿鸡做试验发现缺乏事物中的某些物质会导致人或动物生病的原理，从而发现维生素会防止某些疾病的故事。
【小题1】推理题：根据第一段内容可知岛上的人生病了，医生去那里找治愈的方法，常识可知治病即用医学手段使人身体恢复健康。故选A。
【小题2】细节题：根据第一段种“Many people on the island had a disease called beri-beri. He was going there to try and find a cure.”岛上许多人得了一种叫做beri-beri的疾病。他去那里试着寻找治愈方法。故选D。
【小题3】细节题：根据第二段中“. He didn’t eat them, but made experiments on them.”他不吃它们，而是拿它们做实验。故选B。
【小题4】细节题：根据最后一句“If they don’t, they can also take vitamin pills.”如果他们不能从食物中吃到足够的维生素，他们也可以吃维生素丸。故选D。
【小题5】推理题：通过阅读全文可知Christian Eijkman医生通过给鸡喂精炼米和糙米，对比出当鸡缺少食物中的某种物质而生病，从而发现了维生素的作用，由此可知医生的试验是成功的。故选C。
考点：考查健康环保类阅读
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金博士一点全通系列答案科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
A Healthy Habits Survey（调查）shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.
1.How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?
·Finding：A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
·Step：Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day.
2.How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?
·Finding：Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30%wash their hands only 4 times a day-half of the number doctors recommend.
·Step：We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day-often inviting germs（病菌）to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes.Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.
3. How often do you think about fighting germs?
·Finding：Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.
·Step：Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge（海绵）that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.
【小题1】What is found out about American seniors?
| A．Most of then have good habits. |
| B．About one third of them brush their teeth only once a day |
| C．All of then are fighting germs better than expected . |
| D．Nearly 30%of then bathe three days a week . |
| A．eight times a day | B．three times a day |
| C．four times a day | D．twice a day |
| A．We should keep from touching our faces . |
| B．There are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth . |
| C．We should wash our hands before touching a door handle . |
| D．A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet . |
| A．a guide book | B．an official document |
| C．a book review | D．a popular magazine |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
The triathlon(铁人三项运动) promises to be one of the most popular Olympic sports.Recently it has drawn huge crowds attracted by athletes swimming 1,500m，cycling 40km，then running 10km without stopping.But what makes an attractive 17yearold girl give up everything for the doubtful pleasure it offers?
Melanie Sears has not yet learnt those oftenrepeated phrases about personal satisfaction，mental challenge and higher targets that most athletes use when asked similar questions.“You swim for 1,500m，then run out of the water and jump on your bike，still wet.Of course，then you freeze.When the 40km cycle ride is over，you have to run 10km，which is a long way when you’re feeling exhausted.But it’s great fun，and all worth it in the end，” she says.
Melanie entered her first triathlon at 14 and she won the junior section.Full of confidence，she entered the National Championships，and although she had the second fastest swim and the fastest run，she came nowhere.“I was following this man and suddenly we came to the sea.We realised then that we had gone wrong.I ended up cycling 20 kilometres too far.I cried all the way through the running.”
But she did not give up and was determined that she never will.“Sometimes I wish I could stop，because then the pain would be over，but I am afraid that if I let myself stop just once，I would be tempted(诱惑) to do it again.”Such doggedness draws admiration from Steve Trew，the sport’s director of coaching.“I’ve just been testing her fitness，” he says, “and she worked so hard on the running machine that it finally threw her off and into a wall.She had given it everything，and she just kept on.”
Melanie was top junior in this year’s European Triathlon Championships，finishing 13th.“I was almost as good as the top three in swimming and running，but much slower in cycling.That’s why I’m working very hard at it.” She is trying to talk her longsuffering parents，who will carry the ￡1,300 cost of her trip to New Zealand for this year’s world championships，into buying a ￡2,000 bike，so she can try 25km and 100km races later this year.
But there is another price to pay.“I don’t have a social life，”she says.“After two hours’ hard swimming on Friday night，I just want to go to sleep.But I phone and write to the other girls in the team.” What does she talk about？Boys？Clothes？“No，what sort of times they are achieving.”
【小题1】How does Melanie differ from other athletes，according to the writer?
| A．She worries less than they do. |
| B．She expresses herself differently. |
| C．Her family background is not like theirs. |
| D．Her aims are different from theirs. |
| A．She was tricked by another competitor. |
| B．She felt she had let her teammates down. |
| C．She made a mistake during part of the race. |
| D．She realized she couldn’t cycle as fast as she thought. |
| A．Buy an expensive bike for her. |
| B．Give her half the cost of a bike. |
| C．Let her compete in longer races. |
| D．Pay for her to go to New Zealand. |
| A．She would like to see them more often. |
| B．She only discusses the triathlon with them. |
| C．She thinks they find her way of life strange. |
| D．She dislikes discussing boys or clothes with them. |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Beijing, April 2----Starting from this year, the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau will begin to promote a home medical service. With this service a medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will be sent to some communities in the city. They will set up a medical filing recorder for every resident in community and publicize their contact information to them. If people in the community feel sick, they can consult their community doctor first. If community doctors cannot treat their illness, they will then be transferred to large hospitals. Liang Wan, deputy director of the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau, made the statement last Friday .
In addition ,the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau will set up some funds to train home medical service workers for families whose members suffer either from high blood pressure, diabetes,cerebral apoplexy , or coronary heart disease . The home medical service workers will remind patients to take pills on time and lead the patients to follow some health tips in their daily life. They will also learn some practical knowledge to save patients in case of an emergency .
The work will first begin in the medical service room in the 25 community centers and spread to all communities in Beijing. The disease prevention and control centers at various counties and districts in Beijing will be responsible for teaching community doctors and giving home medical service lectures, or advice . These workers will not be able to work until they pass related examination and obtain the work certificates. It is expected that by the end of this year, there will be 10000 home medical service workers in Beijing .
【小题1】Where does a person go to see first if he gets sick according to the passage ?
| A．The community clinics. | B．Large hospital . |
| C．Private clinic . | D．Small hospital . |
| A．The medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will set up a medical filing record for every resident. |
| B．The home medical service workers not only give some healthy suggestions to the patients, but also learn practical knowledge about first aid. |
| C．Some funds will be provided by Beijing Municipal Health Bureau for home medical service training. |
| D．The government aims to offer the home medical service for free. |
| A．receive the training about medical service. |
| B．pass related examinations. |
| C．obtain the work certificates. |
| D．All the above. |
| A．All communities in Beijing have started home medical service. |
| B．People in Beijing will not easily get ill. |
| C．Medical service in Beijing will be promoted greatly in the future. |
| D．The other cities in China should learn from Beijing. |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
The Healthy Habits Survey shows that only about one third of American seniors(年长者) have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.
1.How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?
·Finding：About 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
·Step：Remove the 300 kinds of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day.
2.How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?
·Finding：Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30% wash their hands only 4 times a day—half of the number that doctors advise.
·Step：We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day-often inviting germs（病菌）to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes. Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.
3. How often do you think about fighting germs?
·Finding：Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.
·Step：Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge（海绵）that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.
【小题1】What is found out about American seniors?
| A．Most of them have good habits. |
| B．Nearly 30% of them bathe three days a week . |
| C．All of them are fighting germs better than expected . |
| D．About one third of them brush their teeth only once a day |
| A．twice a day | B．three times a day |
| C．four times a day | D．eight times a day |
| A．We should stop touching our faces. |
| B．A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet. |
| C．There are less than 300 kinds of bacteria in the mouth. |
| D．We should wash our hands before touching a door handle. |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
For the last couple of weeks, I had been stuck in front of my computer working on a project that was very important to me. My every waking hour was consumed by the project and although I imagined that I would feel happy after completing parts of the project, I was confused to find that instead, I was feeling rather depressed. I tried a range of methods to help cheer myself up. I had a relaxing bath, cooked a delicious meal to enjoy with my family and even watched a lighthearted movie, but to no avail. It was only when I turned to meditation for a solution that the answer came to me: turn to nature!
The very next day, I grabbed my camera and a bottle of water and set off to spend a few hours walking in a nature reserve, even though it was pouring with rain. Within a couple of minutes I felt alive again. To be honest, I felt like a young school girl again and had to stop myself from hopping along the path singing, "I'm singing in the rain", a song I used to sing when I was a child. I think as adults we often try too hard to control our inner children and as a result we restrain our own spirits, which only leads to depression and stress.
Interestingly, it has been shown that people who spend 40 minutes walking in a nature reserve have a drop in their blood pressure levels, but this does not happen when they spend a similar amount of time walking in a busy city centre.
If you feel a little low in spirit and know that you have spent too much time indoors, relax completely, remove your shoes and let your inner child come out and play.
【小题1】The author walked in a nature reserve in the rain in order to__________.
| A．take photos | B．find a solution to the project |
| C．hop along the path | D．cheer herself up |
| A．unsuccessful | B．unrelated | C．uninteresting | D．unexpected |
| A．a bath can make people relaxed |
| B．depression is usually caused by hard work |
| C．walking in a busy city centre harms people's health |
| D．adults should express their inner feelings freely |
| A．explanation | B．suggestion | C．introduction | D．reminder |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Europe’s deadly outbreak of a rare form of E. coli bacteria (大肠杆菌) has brought new attention to food safety issues. One of the problems when people get sick from food is that the simplest question is often difficult or even impossible to answer. Just what did the people eat that made them sick?
Of course, one way to avoid these medical mysteries is to keep dangerous organisms out of the food supply. This is easier said than done, but scientists keep looking for new ways.
Scientists in the United States have developed an experimental system that uses a high-tech optical scanner. The system is designed to identify the presence of contaminants(致污物) like soil or animal waste on fresh produce. These can be sources of E. coli. E. coli bacteria naturally live in the intestines(肠) of humans and many animals. Most kinds of E. coli are harmless but some can make people sick.
The new scanner can also show damage and imperfections that might make the produce unappealing to shoppers.
Scientists designed the system at a Department of Agriculture research center in Beltsville, Maryland. Moon Kim of the Agricultural Research Service led the team.
MOON KIM: “We were requested, we were asked, to develop a method to detect contamination in produce. So we started with the apple as the model sample.”
The scanner uses a high-speed camera placed over the conveyer belt that moves the produce along. As the apples move along the belt, the scanner captures images of each piece of fruit.
Moon Kim says the team hopes the system will be available before long.
MOON KIM: “We are targeting for development in commercial plants for the next several years.”
The scanner can direct a sorting machine to separate the bad apples from the good ones. The system is currently able to show the surface of only half the apple as it speeds by. The inventers hope to improve the process so it can show the whole surface.
【小题1】What is the main topic of the text?
| A．Bacteria. | B．A high-tech scanner. |
| C．A camera | D．Food safety. |
| A．broke out all over the world | B．comes from soil or animal waste |
| C．is extremely harmful to health | D．does not cause illness |
| A．can help to sort out different fruits |
| B．make the produce appeal to shoppers |
| C．can only capture images of the whole apple |
| D．can identify the presence of contaminants |
| A．The scanner needs to be improved. |
| B．The scanner will be available in the next several years. |
| C．Moon Kim is unwilling to develop the scanner. |
| D．The scanner is connected to a sorting machine. |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
New research suggests that cutting daily sitting time to less than three hours might extend your life by two years.
“Humans were designed to move. But modern lifestyles and office jobs rarely encourage us to walk around,” says Peter Katzmarzyk, an expert at the University of Louisiana.
“Sitting is common in our lives today. We sit while we’re driving, eating and watching TV. And many of us sit for many hours at work.” Katzmarzyk said.
“We can’t throw away physical activity. It’s extremely important. We have 60 years of researchers showing us that.” Katzmarzyk said.
Katzmarzyk and other researchers are trying to discover how sitting all day affext our lifespans（寿命）.
“This is a relatively new area of study…Studies that have assessed the relationship between sitting and death or television viewing and death have been very rare in the last four or five years,” said Katzmarzyk.
Katzmarzyk and his colleagues analyzed data from these studies, which involved almost 167,000 adults. Then they turned to a government-run survey of Americans to find out exactly how much time people spend sitting and watching.
Not only did the team find that U.S. citizens could live longer by sitting less, they found that cutting TV time to less than two hours a day could add an extra 1.4 years to their lives.
People who’ve spent half their waking lives sitting down might well ask, “Is it ever too late to make a change?”
“We would say ‘No. It’s never too late.’ Physical activity is good for you at every age.” Katzmarzyk said.
Katzmarzyk says studying this problem has inspired his team to make a few changes in their own lives. They recommend a few simple changes: frequently getting up from your desk, taking walks at lunch time, and instead of e-mailing colleagues, walking over to their offices and talking face-to-face——all activities that can be enjoyable as well as life-extending.
【小题1】Peter Katzmarzyk seems to believe that _____.
| A．we should not sit for a long time |
| B．most people like to sit most of the time |
| C．office jobs encourage us to walk a lot |
| D．modern lifestyles are good for our health |
| A．taking physical exercise is important |
| B．many researches should be carried out |
| C．we should exercise during working hours |
| D．people should focus on their health at work |
| A．To collect information for the government |
| B．To know how long people sit and watch TV |
| C．To find what citizens do in their spare time’ |
| D．To discover how sitting for long affects their lives |
| A．What Is the Healthiest Lifestyle？ |
| B．Sitting for a Long Time Is Bad for Us |
| C．Study Suggests Sitting Less Can Extend Life |
| D．It Is Never Too Late to Change Our Way of Life |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
UGG boots have been a winter-weather fashion for several years now, combining function, comfort, warmth and even some style. What many UGG enthusiasts don’t know is that their boots are a breeding ground for bacteria and causes foot problems.
Doctors believe the boots, which are particularly popular among young teenage girls, are leading to a rise in the number of people suffering pains in their feet and knees.
Dr. Ian Drysdale, head of the British College of Osteopathic Medicine, believes because the foot does not get the proper support on the inside, it will lead to more ankle, knee, hip and back problems. “ These boots are not designed for outside wear. Just because something becomes a trend or fashionable doesn’t mean it’s good or right,” he said. “ The particular problem with this type of footwear is that it is unsupported. It is a slipper. You wouldn’t normally expect to be doing outdoor activities from something that’s indoor. If you decide to wear your pajamas outside all the time, someone will come up and say it’s not a good idea.” Dr. Drysdale explained that the feet issues become a particular problem among young teenage girls, whose bones are “plastic” and developing when they are growing. “ If that structure is developing in an inappropriate way,” he said, “then the ultimate structure will be deformed.”
UGG Australia, who makes the designer version of the boots, told The Daily Mirror that their boots are “comfort” rather than “performance” footwear and consumers should be aware of “knockoffs(仿制品)” which lack reinforce heels in their boots.
【小题1】 Teenage girls prefer to wear UGG boots because of the following except__________.
| A．design | B．comfort | C．quality | D．warmth |
| A．there is a possibility that bacteria will multiply in UGG boots |
| B．wearing UGG boots will lead to more ankle and toe problems |
| C．it’s not a good idea to wear boots like UGG outside all the time. |
| D．teenage girls’ bones are plastic enough to wear UGG boots |
| A．shaped | B．strengthened | C．reformed | D．damaged |
| A．Potential Harm of UGG Boots | B．The Popularity of UGG Boots |
| C．The Unique Design of UGG Boots | D．Benefits of UGG Boots |
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