Question

Australian scientists say an organic compound(复合物) used by Indian women to paint dots or bindi on their foreheads could hold the key to a breakthrough in cancer treatment. Rose Bengal was first used in the early 1900s as a dye for food, textiles and cosmetics. But now it is proving to be a useful weapon in the fight against skin cancer.

Television advertisements constantly warn of the dangers of overexposure to the fierce sun. Among them is the possibility of the disease melanoma(黑瘤), a type of skin cancer. More than 1,200 Australians die every year from the disease.

Initial trials of a solution of Rose Bengal injected into some melanoma cells have had a 75 percent success rate in controlling the disease. Professor John Thompson, the director of the Melanoma Unit at the University of Sydney, says this organic dye could become a powerful cancer-fighting treatment.

“We believe it works by getting into the tumor(肿块) cells and causing them to self-destruct. But the exact mechanism by which it works is not totally clear. It’s not useful for people who have a primary melanoma. The treatment of primary melanoma is surgical excision(切除),”he said. “It’s useful to inject tumors for people who have recurrences; when the primary treatment has failed and when recurrence in the area, or at more distant sites has occurred.”

About 90 percent of Australians who develop melanoma survive thanks to early diagnosis and treatment. If left untreated, however, the disease can be fatal.

Convincing younger people in Australia about the dangers of overexposure to the sun is a battle campaigners are constantly waging.

Veronica Manock, a 21-year-old student, had two major operations to remove a cancerous tumor from her leg.

“I’ve had a lot of friends who just said ‘I thought it was just, you know, I’ll get a mole(痣) cut out and that’s it’, whereas I don’t think people realize how much danger they’re putting themselves into and how easy it is to stop something like this happening to you just from doing little things,”said Marock.

Other researchers in Australia are investigating genetic treatments to skin cancer. There is a pressing need for such research to produce effective treatments. Australians, the majority of whom are fair-skinned(浅肤色的), are four times more likely to develop a melanoma than people in Canada, the United States or Great Britain.

1.The information about Rose Bengal is wrong EXCEPT that .

A. it is no longer used as a dye

B. it is used to cure skin cancer

C. it is a special kind of rose planted in Australia

D. it can be effective in treating skin cancer

2.The main reason for Australia’s high rate in skin cancer is .

A. the overuse of cosmetics

B. overexposure to the sun

C. the color of their skin

D. the lack of prevention

3.From the passage we can learn that .

A. skin cancer is incurable

B. some young people seem to know little about the danger of overexposure to the sun

C. about ninety percent of Australians are likely to develop melanoma

D. all moles should be cut out to prevent skin cancer

4.According to Professor John Thompson, the best way to deal with primary cancer is .

A. injecting tumors

B. taking some medicine

C. getting genetic treatment

D. having surgical excision

5.The passage was intended for .

A. general readers

B. people who like taking sun-bathing

C. doctors and researchers

D. children at school

 

Answer 1

1.D

2.B

3.B

4.D

5.A

【解析】

试题分析:文章是一篇说明文，讲述了世界上皮肤癌的发病率以及治疗良药。在澳大利亚每年会有1200多人死于皮肤癌，但是经研究发现印度妇女用于在眉心点朱砂痣用的孟加拉玫瑰红被证明是对抗皮肤癌的有力武器。

1.细节理解题。根据第一段Rose Bengal was first used in the early 1900s as a dye for food, textiles and cosmetics. But now it is proving to be a useful weapon in the fight against skin cancer.可以看出Rose Bengal在治疗皮肤癌中是有效的武器，选D。

2.理解题。从第二段可知澳大利亚人容易患皮肤癌的原因是他们晒太阳太多的缘故。选B。

3.理解题。根据文章第六段Convincing younger people in Australia about the dangers of overexposure to the sun is a battle campaigners are constantly waging.可知澳大利亚的年轻人对这方面知识不是很了解，选B。

4. 细节理解题。由文章第四段The treatment of primary melanoma is surgical excision(切除)可知最佳方法就是切除，选D。,

?5.推理判断题。从内容可知这篇文章并没有单纯从医学角度介绍，而是从日常生活等方面进行讲述。由此推断这篇文章是写给普通读者的，选A。

考点：考查科学知识类短文阅读