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1.None of our early ancestors could digest milk as adults because their bodies never had to----milk drinking simply wasn't an option.As people began to extract milk from animals,though,some people developed the ability to keep drinking it throughout their lives.
Scientists now know of a milk-related mutation ( 变异) in our genes--the chemical instructions for life that we carry in almost every cell in our bodies.People who have a mutated form of one particular gene can drink milk just fine.People without the mutation tend to get sick from milk.
To figure out where,and possibly why,milk drinking started,some scientists have been looking at who has the milk-digesting mutation today.Patterns are striking.
Most adults in Northern and Central Europe are able to digest milk--and they do.Cheese and butter and other dairy products are popular in countries such as Sweden,Denmark,Germany and England.Because European settlers dominated North America,most people here can handle milk just fine,as well.That may explain why ice cream is such a popular dessert in the United States.
In much of Africa,Asia and South America,on the other hand,people tend to avoid dairy products because they lead to diarrhea (腹泻) and other stomach problems.(That's why you won't typically find cheese on the menu at a Chinese,Japanese or Ethiopian restaurant.) Native
Americans are also unable to digest milk.
Based on these genetic patterns,scientists have long thought that-milk drinking started inNorthern Europe,where dairy is an institution and the milk-digesting mutation is everywhere.
A recent study painted a different picture.With a computer medal,Thomas and colleagues looked at the spread of the milk-drinking mutation,farming and other related factor.Working backward,the scientists concluded that the first milk-thinkers lived in Central Europe around what's now Hungary about 7,500years ago.The practice didn't start farther north,as scientists had thought before.

66.Which of the following is the proper order of events according to the passage?C
a.Their children were able to digest milk as adults.
b.They got sick from the milk.
c.Some people got a mutation in their genes.
d.Some people tried drinking milk from animals.
e.Some people started to drink milk from animals on a regular basis.
A.c→d→b→e→a     B.d→e→b→c→a    C.d→b→e→c→a     D.e→d→b→c→a
67.Most people in the USA can digest milk becauseB.
A.they have strong stomachs                  B.their ancestors were Europeans
C.that's where milk drinking stinted        D.farmers raise a lot of cows there
68.Which of the following is LEAST likely to appear on the menu in a Japanese restaurant?A
A.Butter.        B.Vinegar.
C.Fish.          D.Beef.
69.Which of the following is the author most likely to agree with?B
A.Milk drinking first started in Northern Europe.
B.Milk drinking first started in Central Europe.
C.North American Indians were able to digest milk.
D.Dairy products are very popular in North Korea.
70.The main focus of the scientists'research wasD.
A.mutation of human genes                B.development of the human stomach
C.why milk drinking started              D.where milk drinking first started.

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了最先开始喝牛奶的地方,事实上牛奶并不是一开始就能喝的,也有一个发展过程.

解答 66.C.细节理解题.通读全文,可知事件发生的顺序是有些人试着从动物身上喝牛奶,他们从牛奶中生病了,有些人开始定期喝动物的奶,有些人的基因突变,他们的孩子能像成年人一样消化牛奶;故选C.
67.B.推理判断题.根据第四段:Most adults in Northern and Central Europe are able to digest milk--and they do可知大多数美国人能消化牛奶,因为他们的祖先是欧洲人;故选B.
68.A.细节理解题.根据倒数第四段:That's why you won't typically find cheese on the menu at a Chinese,Japanese or Ethiopian restaurant可知黄油最不可能出现在日本餐厅的菜单上;故选A.
69.B.推理判断题.根据第四段:Cheese and butter and other dairy products are popular in countries such as Sweden,Denmark,Germany and England.Because European settlers dominated North America,most people here can handle milk just fine可知牛奶饮用首先在中欧开始;故选B.
70.D.主旨大意题.通读全文,可知文章主要讲了最先开始喝牛奶的地方,事实上牛奶并不是一开始就能喝的,也有一个发展过程;故选D.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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2.The artificiality of some of the experiments that can be conducted may make the behavior of the participants abnormal.
3.There are moral reasons for not conducting experiments that have a negative effect on the people who participate in them.
Faced with the above difficulties,what are human scientists to do?One solution is to wait for nature to provide the appropriate experimental conditions.We can,for example,learn something about how a normal brain functions by looking at people who have suffered brain damage; and we can gain some understanding into the roles played by genes and the environment by studying twins,who have been separated at birth and brought up in different families.In the case of economics,economic history can provide us with a bank of-admittedly not very well-controlled-experimental data.
However,human scientists do not just sit around waiting for natural experiments to arise.They also think of some experiments of their own.Suppose you want to know how a baby sees the world.We cannot,of course,ask the baby since it has not yet learnt to speak.So it might seem that all we can do is guess.People usually won't change their mind until it was found out that babies tend to stare at surprising things longer than at unsurprising ones.This key understanding was like opening a window on to the developing mind.There was now a way of testing babies'expectations and getting some idea of how they are six months old,babies can already do the following things:figuring out that objects consist of parts that move together being aware of the difference between living and non-living things and even doing simple arithmetic work.

60.What is true about the natural sciences and the human sciences according to this passage?C
A.Both human scientists and natural scientists can run controlled experiments.
B.Experiments done by human scientists and natural scientists are artificial.
C.Both human and natural science experiments should be of the same importance.
D.It's not moral to conduct human science experiments.
61.What do we know about human scientists from this passage?D
A.They are white coat scientists.
B.They have more experimental sources than natural scientists.
C.They conduct experiments passively.
D.They face more difficulties in carrying out their research.
62.Which of the following experiments belongs to human science experiment?C
A.Vinegar Volcano Vinegar and baking soda make.for a fun and easy science experiment.Try creating a vinegar volcano.
B.  Taste Without Smell  Put your senses to the test with this simple experiment that shows the importance of your sense of smell.
C.Lung Function Observe your breath and confirm your lung volume by completing this experiment.
D.Make a Rainbow Use sunlight and water to make your own rainbow with this cool experiment that will teach kids how rainbows work while they enjoy a fun activity
63.What does the author tell us in this passage?C
A.ABCs about the science experiment.
B.Some knowledge of science.
C.Some differences between the human sciences and the natural sciences.
D.The similarity of the natural sciences and the human sciences.

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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:选择题

11.When people talk about the famous scenic spot in China,the first _________ comes into mind is the Great Wall.(  )
A.whichB.thatC.oneD.place

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