Question

【题目】 Most adults find it hard to recall events from their first few years of life and now scientists have found exactly when these childhood memories fade(消失).

A new study has found that most three-year-olds can recall a lot of what happened to them over a year earlier, and these memories persist while they are five and six, but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly.

Most children by the age of eight or nine can only recall 35% of their experiences from under the age of three, according to the new findings.

The scientists behind the research say this is because at around this age the way we form memories begins to change. They say that before the age of seven children do not have a sense of time and place in their memories. In older children, however, the early events they can recall tend to be more adult-like in the way they are formed. Children also have a far faster rate of forgetting than adults. The findings also help to explain why children can often have clear memories of events but then forget them just a couple of years later.

The youngsters first visited the laboratory at the age of three and discussed six unique events from their past, such as family outings, trips to the zoo, and the first day of school. The children then returned for a second session between the ages of five and nine to discuss the same events. The researchers found that between the ages of five and seven, the amount of memories the children could recall remained between 63 -72 percent. However, the amount of information eight-to nine-year-old children could recall dropped to 35 and 36 percent.

【1】What does the new study tell us?

A.Childhood memories decline with years.

B.Three-year-old kids are the cleverest.

C.Childhood memories can fade easily.

D.Some adults cannot recall past events.

【2】What does the underlined word “persist” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.Change.B.Remain.

C.Appear.D.Return.

【3】What can we learn from Paragraph 4?

A.Adults cannot have clear memories of past events.

B.Children can think like adults when they get older.

C.Children under 7 years old have different ways of forming memories.

D.Children often forget things because they have no idea of time or place.

【4】In the second session, nine-year-old children _________.

A.refused to discuss the same events

B.remembered all their family outings

C.could recall 72 percent of their past events

D.only remembered a small part of their past events

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】D

【4】D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了记忆消失的一些知识。大多数三岁的孩子都能回忆起一年前发生在他们身上的许多事情，这些记忆在五岁和六岁时依然存在，但到七岁以上时，这些记忆会迅速衰退。在七岁之前，孩子们在记忆中没有时间感和位置感。在5到7岁之间，孩子们能回忆起的记忆量保持在63%到72%之间。然而，8至9岁儿童能够回忆起的信息量下降到35%和36%。

【1】细节理解题。根据第二段A new study has found that most three-year-olds can recall a lot of what happened to them over a year earlier, and these memories persist while they are five and six, but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly.（一项新的研究发现，大多数三岁的孩子都能回忆起一年前发生在他们身上的许多事情，这些记忆在他们五岁和六岁时仍然存在，但当他们超过七岁时，这些记忆迅速衰退。）可知新研究告诉了我们童年时的记忆随年龄而衰退。 故选A。

【2】词义猜测题。根据下文but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly.到七岁以上时，这些记忆会迅速衰退，可知这些记忆在五岁和六岁时依然存在，故划线单词persist的意思是：存在，保留。故选B。

【3】推理判断题。根据第四段中They say that before the age of seven children do not have a sense of time and place in their memories.（他们说在七岁之前，孩子们在记忆中没有时间感和位置感。）可知孩子们经常忘记事情，因为他们没有时间感位置感，故选D。

【4】推理判断题。根据最后一段中根据 However, the amount of information eight-to nine-year-old children could recall dropped to 35 and 36 percent.（然而，8至9岁儿童能够回忆起的信息量下降到35%和36%。）可知在第二阶段，九岁的孩子只记得他们过去的一小部分事情。故选D。

词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为

① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。

② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。

③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。

④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。

⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。

如第二小题，根据下文but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly.到七岁以上时，这些记忆会迅速衰退，可知这些记忆在五岁和六岁时依然存在，故划线单词persist的意思是：存在，保留。故选B。