Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world. For example, cars have made the air unhealthy for people to breathe and poisonous gas is given off by factories. Trees on the hills have been cut down and waste water is being poured continuously into rivers. Furthermore, wherever we go today, we can find rubbish carelessly disposed.
There are different kinds of pollutants, each of which comes from different sources. It is necessary to identify the source of pollution, in order to make a policy to eliminate them.
Different products, processes and activities of our industrialized world together form the major source of pollution. The forms of pollution can be mainly divided into three kinds—solid, liquid and gas.
These pollutions have greatly damaged our planet and continue to do so. In fact, pollution is threatening our existence. The whole ecological balance of the earth is changing. Massive destruction of environment has brought about negative effects and even posed a great threat to man’s existence.
We must face the situation that exists and take action to solve our environmental problems. For instance, new laws must be passed to place strict control over industrial pollution, the public must receive the education about the danger of pollution and so on.
The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and our later generation. Fortunately, more and more people have realized these problems. Measures have been taken to deal with these situations by the government. Laws have been passed to stop pollution, I hope the problems will be solved in the near future and our home will become better and better.
【小题1】 How many examples of environmental problems are given in the first paragraph?
| A．2 | B．3 | C．4 | D．5 |
| A．In all there are three kinds of pollution |
| B．If people continue to pollute our planet, there will be no trees. |
| C．Industrial pollution has been completely controlled. |
| D．Laws have been passed to stop pollution and protect our environment. |
| A．2 | B．3 | C．5 | D．6 |
| A．despair | B．negative | C．optimistic | D．hopeless |
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Humans have sewn by hand for thousands of years. It was said that the first thread was made from animal muscle and sinew (肌腱). And the earliest needles were made from bones. Since those early days, many people have been involved in the process of developing a machine that could do the same thing more quickly and with greater efficiency.
Charles Wiesenthal, who was born in Germany, designed and received a patent on a double-pointed needle that eliminated the need to turn the needle around with each stitch (缝合) in England in 1755. Other inventors of that time tried to develop a functional sewing machine, but each design had at least one serious imperfection.
Frenchman Barthelemy Thimonnier finally engineered a machine that really worked. However, he was nearly killed by a group of angry tailors when they burned down his garment factory. They feared that they would lose their jobs to the machine.
American inventor Elias Howe, born on July 9, 1819, was awarded a patent for a method of sewing that used thread from two different sources. Howe’s machine had a needle with an eye at the point, and it used the two threads to make a special stitch called a lockstitch. However, Howe faced difficulty in finding buyers for his machines in America. In frustration, he traveled to England to try to sell his invention there. When he finally returned home, he found that dozens of manufacturers were adapting his discovery for use in their own sewing machines.
Isaac Singer, another American inventor, was also a manufacturer who made improvements to the design of sewing machines. He invented an up-and-down-motion mechanism that replaced the side-to-side machines. He also developed a foot treadle (脚踏板) to power his machine. This improvement left the sewer’s hands free. Undoubtedly, it was a huge improvement of the hand-cranked machine of the past. Soon the Singer sewing machine achieved more fame than the others for it was more practical. It could be adapted to home use and it could be bought on hire-purchase. The Singer sewing machine became the first home appliance, and the Singer company became one of the first American multinationals.
However, Singer used the same method to create a lockstitch that Howe had already patented. As a result, Howe accused him of patent infringement (侵犯). Of course, Elias Howe won the court case, and Singer was ordered to pay Howe royalties (版税). In the end, Howe became a millionaire, not by manufacturing the sewing machine, but by receiving royalty payments for his invention.
【小题1】Barthelemy Thimonnier’s garment factory was burned down because __________.
| A．people did not know how to put out the fire |
| B．Elias Howe thought Thimonnier had stolen his invention |
| C．the sewing machines couldn’t work finally |
| D．workers who feared the loss of their jobs to a machine set fire |
| A．Because the judge was against Singer for his unfriendly attitude. |
| B．Because Howe had already patented the lockstitch used by Singer. |
| C．Because Singer had borrowed money from Howe and never repaid it. |
| D．Because Singer and Howe had both invented the same machine. |
| A．A Stitch in Time Saves Nine |
| B．The Case between Howe and Singer |
| C．Patent Laws on the Sewing Machine |
| D．The Early History of the Sewing Machine |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
What exactly is intelligence? There aren’t any easy answers．Despite the progress that has been made in genetics and psychology, human intelligence has remained one of the most controversial areas of modern science，until now, that is, for the discovery of a gene linked to intelligence has made the experts think again．
Robert Plomin of the Institute of Psychiatry in London and his colleagues in the US have been looking into genetic make-up．From their research, they have discovered that a slightly different gene is more common in those with a high IQ．Plomin analyzed DNA from two groups of 51 children aged between 6 and 15．What he found was that the first group had an IQ of 136, putting them in the top 5% of the population, while the other group had an average IQ of 103．An analysis of their genes showed that 32% of children in the higher group had the gene in question, while only 16% in the second group did．However, there is a lot more research to be done, and Plomin himself is cautious at this early stage．He suggests that there are probably many genes that contribute to intelligence, rather than just one. Several studies have shown a strong link between IQ and career success, although some psychologists remain unconvinced about this．Professor Michael Rowe, who has written a book called Genius Explained, is one of these．“The people with the highest IQs are not usually the ones who do best in their careers．”
Many psychologists now believe that when it comes to intelligence, IQ isn’t everything．Many alternative views have been put forward recently．One example is the idea of multiple intelligences, which was developed in the 1980s by Harvard psychologist Howard Gardner．This offers a much broader view than the IQ theory, including creativity and communication skills as relevant factors in intelligence．
Tony Buzan, brain expert and author of Master your Memory, is enthusiastic about this belief, arguing that true geniuses do indeed appear to combine high levels of each type of intelligence．He lists Alexander the Great, Pablo Picasso and Albert Einstein as examples．At the same time, Buzan believes that everyone can develop their intelligence, only if they take the trouble to exercise their brain．Perhaps there’s hope for us all!
【小题1】What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
| A．The development of intelligence |
| B．The idea of multiple intelligences |
| C．IQ isn’t everything for intelligence |
| D．Alternative views have been put forward |
| A．To make a suggestion． | B．To draw a conclusion |
| C．To prove an idea． | D．To give an example |
| A．Robert Plomin confirms genes have something in common |
| B．Howard Gardner thinks intelligence includes various factors |
| C．Michael Rowe approves of a strong link between IQ and career |
| D．Tony Buzan agrees geniuses exercise brain to improve intelligence |
| A．The relationship between genes and intelligence |
| B．IQ benefits a lot from high intelligence |
| C．How to develop intelligence． |
| D．What makes intelligence. |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what’s going on in the world; they're affected by what’s going on in our heads. A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people who've just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that what's going on inside our head affects our senses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Rémi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, France, wanted to investigate how this happens.
Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brain’s high-1evel thinking processes get involved. Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test, each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen for about l/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that the students could only consciously perceive. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word, each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they’d seen-a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food- related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perception, not in thinking processes, Radel says. "This is something great to me. Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs. "Radel says.
【小题1】Why was there a delay on the day of the experiment?
| A．Because hungry people needed time to fill their stomach. |
| B．Because Radel wanted to create two groups of testers, hungry and non-hungry. |
| C．Because noon was not the right time for any experiment. |
| D．Because Radel needed time to select participants in terms of body mass index. |
| A．Human’s senses aren’t just delivering a strict view of what’s going on in the world. |
| B．What’s perceived by our senses affects our way of thinking. |
| C．Human brains can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs. |
| D．Thinking processes guarantee the normal functions of our senses. |
| A．42 participants are too small a number for a serious investigation. |
| B．An experiment with hungry and non-hungry participants is not reliable. |
| C．Our thinking processes are independent of our senses. |
| D．Humans can perceive what they need without involving high-level thinking processes |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Why would an animal kill itself? It seems a strange question, and yet it is one that has made some scientists curious for a long time. For there is a kind of animal called lemming（旅鼠）, that periodically killed themselves together, and no one knows just why!
The small creatures which live in the Scandinavian mountains, feed on a diet of roots and special insects and live in nests they dig underground. When their food supply is large, the lemmings live a normal and undisturbed life.
However, when the lemmings’ food supply becomes too low to support the population, a singular migration（迁徙）begins. The lemmings leave their nests in groups. Great numbers of them begin to travel across the Scandinavian plains, a journey that may last weeks. The lemmings eat everything in their path, continuing their long march until they reach the sea.
The reason for what follows remains unbelievable to naturalists. Upon reaching the coast, the lemmings do not stop but swim by the thousands into the sea. Most stay afloat only a short time before they tire, sink and drown.
A common theory for this mass self-killing is that the lemmings do not realize that the ocean is such a huge body of water in their cross-country journey, the animals must cross many smaller bodies of water, such as rivers and small lakes. They may think that the sea is just another such swimmable path to go through. But no final answer has been found to the strange happening.
【小题1】The passage is mainly about______.
| A．how lemmings find food |
| B．why animals kill themselves |
| C．the lemmings’ self-killing |
| D．the food supply in the Scandinavian mountains |
| A．go mad from a lack of food |
| B．hope to find fish for food |
| C．decide to reduce the population |
| D．think they can cross the sea |
| A．Because they are the only animals that live in Scandinavia. |
| B．Because it is very unusual for animals to kill themselves. |
| C．Because of the amount of food they can eat on their march to the sea. |
| D．Because they can gather together in such huge numbers. |
| A．unusual | B．single | C．wonderful | D．common |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Many businesses today use conferences as a means of discussing new plans of the company. As people are paying more attention to the environment and green problems, more businesses are looking for ways to reduce their negative effect on the environment. Many businesses do this by using web conferencing.
Web conferencing is a technology that allows people to communicate more effectively over the Internet. It is an easy way of hosting and attending conferences without having to leave the office. Each of the people involved in a web conference will be posted an invitation to the conference with the time and date of the Web conference on it. When the conference is ready to begin, all participants (参与者) must sit at their computers and they will be connected over the Internet.
With Web conferencing all participants attend the conference from the comfort of their own desk. Obviously, in doing this no fuel is used in traveling to and from a conference, and less work time is taken up in attending a conference.
Any material to be used during the Web conference is simply e-mailed to all the participants before the conference. Participants can then either choose to print material or read it on screen. This not only saves paper but also greatly reduces mailing cost for the business.
As a conference hall or business center isn’t being used, it means that the only power that is used is the power used by the participants’ personal computers. Similarly conference organizers don’t have to arrange for food or overnight accommodation (住宿) for participants of their conferences. All this means that less energy is used.
Often in business some companies actively choose to do business with other companies that do many things to reduce their negative impact on the environment. And Web conferencing helps you show other businesses that you are willing to work hard for the green cause.
So Web conferencing is much cheaper and greener and more people are willing to host and attend a web conference.
【小题1】What is the passage mainly about?
A. Ways of protecting the environment.
B. B. Green benefits of Web conference.
C. Ways of hosting a Web conference.
D. Impacts of Web conferencing on costs.
【小题2】According to paragraph 1, many companies use Web conferencing because they ________.
| A．are interested in using any new technology |
| B．believe that Web conferencing is more convenient |
| C．want to do something to protect the environment |
| D．haven’t enough money to hold a traditional conference |
| A．will be e-mailed an invitation before the conference |
| B．are required to sit in the office together |
| C．will receive many paper materials |
| D．must have access to the Internet |
| A．Useless. | B．Environmentally friendly. |
| C．Inconvenient. | D．Money-consuming. |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：完型填空
The first ancient Olympic Games for which we still have written records were held in 776 BC. Coroebus won the only event at the Olympics. This made him the first Olympic champion in history. Then the Olympic Games developed and continued to be held every four years. In 393 AD, the Roman Emperor Theodosius I, a Christian, put a stop to the Games.
In 1892, a young Frenchman named Pierre de Coubertin suggested starting the Olympic Games again but failed. Two years later, Coubertin organized a meeting with 79 people representing nine countries. At this meeting he got what he wanted. All the delegates at the meeting voted for the Olympic Games. They also decided to have Coubertin found an international committee (委员会) to organize the Games. This committee became the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and Demetrious Vikelas from Greece was chosen to be its first president. Athens was chosen for the revival (复兴) of the Olympic Games and the planning began.
The first modern Olympic Games opened in the first week of April, 1896. Since the Greek government didn’t have enough money to build a stadium, a wealthy Greek man, Georgios Averoff, donated over $100,000 to repair the Panathenaic Stadium built in 330 BC.Since the Games were not well publicized (宣传) internationally, athletes were not nationally chosen but rather came by themselves. Some athletes were tourists who happened to be in the area during the Games.
【小题1】What can we know about the first Olympic Games?
| A．There was only one event in it. |
| B．It opened in the first week of April 1896. |
| C．Coroebus was the first man to take part in it. |
| D．It was stopped by the Roman Emperor Theodosius I. |
| A．776 | B．1892 | C．1894 | D．1896 |
| A．The History of the Olympics |
| B．How Coubertin Set up IOC |
| C．The First Modern Olympic Games |
| D．Great Changes in Olympic Games |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Travis is the manager of G&G where he is responsible for forty employees (雇员)and profits (利润) of over $2 million per year. He's never late to work. He does not get upset on the job. When one of his employees started crying after a customer screamed at her, Travis took her away. "Your working uniform is your shelter," he told her. "Nothing anyone says will ever hurt you. You will always be as strong as you want to be."
Travis picked up that lecture in one of his G&G training courses, an education program that began on his first day and continues throughout an employee's occupation. The training has, Travis says, changed his life. G&G has taught him how to live, how to focus, how to get to work on time, and how to master his emotions (情绪). Most importantly, it taught him willpower.
At the center of that education is an extreme focus on an all-important habit; willpower. Dozens of cases show that willpower is the single most important habit for a person's success.
And the best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit. "Sometimes it looks like people with great self-control aren't working hard—but that's because they've made it automatic," Angela Duckworth, one of the University of Pennsylvania researchers said. "Their willpower occurs without them having to think about it."
The company spent millions of dollars developing programs of study to train employees on self-control. Managers wrote workbooks that serve as guides to how to make willpower a habit in workers' lives. Those courses arc, in part, why G&G has grown from a sleepy company into a large one with more than seventeen thousand stores and profits of more than $10 billion a year.
【小题1】We loam from Paragraph 2 that employees in G&G must .
| A．learn to give lectures |
| B．attend education programs |
| C．design a working uniform |
| D．develop a common hobby |
| A．focus on the profits |
| B．benefit from the job |
| C．protect themselves well |
| D．control their feeling well |
| A．G&G has grown into a large company. |
| B．G&G will spend half its profits training employees. |
| C．G&G may become more successful in the future. |
| D．G&G has to produce more workbooks for managers. |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Going green seems to be fad(时尚)for a lot of people these days. Whether that is good or bad, we can’t really say, but for the tow of us, going green is not a fad but a lifestyle.
On April22, 2011, we decided to go green every single day for an entire year. This meant doing 365 different green things, and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond easy things. Rather than recycle and reduce our energy, we had to think of 365 different green things to do and this was no easy task.
With the idea of going green every single day for a year, Our Green Year started. My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives and hoped we could show people all the green things that could be done to help the environment. We wanted to push the message that every little bit helps.
Over the course of Our Green Year, we completely changed our lifestyle. We now shop at organic(有机的)stores. We consume less meat, choosing green food. We have greatly reduced our buying we don’t need. We have given away half of what we owned through websites. Our home is kept clean by vinegar and lemon juice, with no chemical cleaners. We make our own butter, enjoying the smell of home-made fresh bread. In our home office anyone caught doing something ungreen might be punished.
Our minds have been changed by Our Green Year. We are grateful for the chance to have been able to go green and educate others. We believe that we do have the power to change things and help our planet.
【小题1】What might be the best title for the passage?
| A．Going Green. | B．Protecting the Planet. |
| C．Keeping Open-Minded | D．Celebrating Our Green Year. |
| A．they were expected to follow the green fad |
| B．they didn’t know how to educate other people |
| C．they were unwilling to reduce their energy |
| D．they needed to perform unusual green tasks |
| A．They tried to get out of their ungreen habits. |
| B．They ignore others’ ungreen behavior. |
| C．They chose better chemical cleaners. |
| D．They sold their home-made food. |
| A．The government will give support to the green people. |
| B．The couple may continue their project in the future. |
| C．Some people disagree with the couple’s green ideas. |
| D．Our Green Year is becoming a national campaign. |
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