Question

【题目】Joanna Cole, born on August 11, 1944 in Newark, New Jersey, has been credited to be one of the most popular children’s authors of all time. She has written over 250 books and is famous for writing one of the most popular children's book series. She knew as early as 5th grade that she was interested in writing and science. Cole has owed a large part of her passion to one of her elementary school teachers.

Joanna Cole continued her education by attending the University of Massachusetts and Indiana. She would eventually earn a bachelor’s degree in psychology from the City College of New York in 1967; after graduation Cole decided to take some education courses to become a librarian at a Brooklyn elementary school in 1967. Eventually, she would take jobs working for Newsweek, Seesaw book club.

Cole’s passion for writing and science was still alive and well during this time. In 197l she decided to write her first book, Cockroaches. She did some research and discovered there had never been a book written for children about cockroaches. So she thought she would be the first.

Cole struck gold when she wrote the first Magic School Bus in 1985. The book would go on to be published the following year and quickly became book series and cartoon series due to its success.

Cole continued to write both non-fiction and fiction books for children. She writes in a way that will hopefully inspire children to think like a scientist. She does this by writing ideas instead of just facts. She also tries to ask questions in her books that require children to think and discover the answers as they read. This creates an engaging experience for children, so it is no wonder why younger readers are hooked on her books.

【1】When Joanna Cole was young, she ________.

A. got inspired by one of her teachers

B. was very popular with children

C. began her career of writing novels

D. knew what she would do in the future

【2】What does the underlined phrase probably mean?

A. Got ideas. B. Made a promise.

C. Made a fortune. D. Obtained help.

【3】What do we know about Joanna Cole?

A. She is the most famous woman writer in America.

B. She is an expert at getting science across to readers.

C. She writes novels not only for kids but for adults.

D. She has made great contributions to science.

【4】What kind of person is Cole in the passage?

A. Talented and creative. B. Popular and reliable.

C. Serious and honest. D. Positive and brave.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】B

【4】A

【解析】

本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述被誉为有史以来最受欢迎的儿童作家乔安娜·柯尔，早在小学五年级的时候，乔安娜·柯尔发现自己爱好写作和科学。乔安娜认为她创作的主要激情来自她的一位小学老师。她的作品《蟑螂》和《神奇校车》获得了极大的成功。

【1】推理判断题。根据第一段最后的“Cole has owed a large part of her passion to one of her elementary school teachers.”可知，乔安娜·柯尔的写作激情主要来自她的一位小学老师，因此可知，在她小的时候受到她的老师的激励。故选A项正确。

【2】词义猜测题。根据画线句下文“The book would go on to be published the following year and quickly became book series and cartoon series due to its success.”可知，这本书第二年继续出版并很快成为系列书籍和卡通系列剧。因此推断乔安娜·柯尔的第一本书赚了钱。所以画线部分意思是“发财”，与make a fortune意义相近。故选C项正确。

【3】推理判断题。根据最后一段二、三、四句“She writes in a way that will hopefully inspire children to think like a scientist. She does this by writing ideas instead of just facts. She also tries to ask questions in her books that require children to think and discover the answers as they read.”可知，乔安娜以希望能够鼓舞孩子们像科学家一样思考的方式来写作，她的作品就是她的想法，而绝不仅仅是事实说明。在她的书里她也试图提出问题，要求孩子们在阅读的时候去解答这个问题。因此推断她擅长传递科学给读者。故选B项正确。

【4】推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“She knew as early as early as 5th grade that she was interested in writing and science.”可知，乔安娜早在五年级就对写作和科学感兴趣，说明她是有天赋的；根据最后三段的内容可知，乔安娜非常具有创造性，她发现没有一本儿童图书介绍过关于蟑螂的故事，因此写了她的第一本书《蟑螂》，她的作品《神奇校车》更是非常受读者的欢迎，获得了很大成功，这些都说明她是一个有创造力的人。故选D项正确。

高考中词义推断可以是一个单词的意义推断，也可以是一个短语或句子的意义推断，既可以是生词意义，也可以是熟词新意；还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推断尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。词义猜测主要的解题策略有：语境猜测、语法猜词和常识猜词。

其中的语境猜测最为常用。语境既上下文。由于上下文中的生词不是孤立存在的，其词义与句中其它词的词义或具体的语境有着密切的联系。因此在阅读过程中，许多生词的词义可以充分利用上下文中相关的词汇、短语并结合具体的语境来推测。运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易得分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。

【解题剖析】

第二小题就属于猜测词义中依据逻辑推理猜测词义。答案需要推断画线部分的意思。

【答案定位】

根据画线句下文“The book would go on to be published the following year and quickly became book series and cartoon series due to its success.”可知，这本书第二年继续出版并很快成为系列书籍和卡通系列剧。因此推断画线句表示与此句意义一致，乔安娜·柯尔的第一本书赚了钱。

【推理关系】

题干What does the underlined phrase probably mean?文章内容The book would go on to be published the following year and quickly became book series and cartoon series due to its success. C. Made a fortune.