Question

11．Franz Kafka wrote that"a book must be the ax （斧子） for the frozen sea inside us．"I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders，and it didn't seem to require any explanation．
We'd just finished John Steinbeck's novel Of Mice and Men．When we read the end together out loud in class，my toughest boy，a star basketball player，wept a little，and so did I．"Are you crying？"one girl asked，as she got out of her chair to take a closer look．"I am，"I told her，"and the funny thing is I've read it many times．"
But they understood．When George shoots Lennie，the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen．In my 14years of teaching in a New York City public middle school，I've taught kids with imprisoned parents，abusive parents，irresponsible parents； kids who are parents themselves； kids who are homeless； kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods．They understand，more than I ever will，the novel's terrible logic-the giving way of dreams to fate （命运）．
For the last seven years，I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher，reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight．I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high school-one that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattan's upper classes-into a less competitive setting．The daughter of immigrants，with a father in prison，she perhaps felt
uncomfortable with her new classmates．I thought additional"cultural capital"could help students like her develop better in high school，where they would unavoidably meet，perhaps for the first time，students who came from homes lined with bookshelves，whose parents had earned Ph．D．'s．
Along with Of Mice and Men，my groups read：Sounder，The Red Pony，Lord of the Flies，Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth．The students didn't always read from the expected point of view．
About The Red Pony，one student said，"it's about being a man，it's about manliness．"I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth，nor had I heard Lady Macbeth's soliloquies （独白） read as raps （说唱），but both made sense； the interpretations were playful，but serious．Once introduced to Steinbeck's writing，one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that"all these people hate each other，and they're all white．"His historical view was broadening，his sense of his own country deepening．Year after year，former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes．
Year after year，however，we are increasing the number of practice tests．We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts，not for emotional punch （碰撞） but for text complexity．Yet，we cannot enrich （充实） the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts．We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse．We may succeed in raising test scores，but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them．

66．The underlined words in Paragraph 1probably mean that a book helps toD．
A．realize our dreams
B．give support to our life
C．smooth away difficulties
D．awake our emotions
67．Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men？D
A．Because they spent much time reading it．
B．Because they had read the novel before．
C．Because they came from a public school．
D．Because they had similar life experiences．
68．The girl left the selective high school possibly becauseC．．
A．she was a literary-minded girl
B．her parents were immigrants
C．she couldn't fit in with her class
D．her father was then in prison
69．To the author's surprise，the students read the novelsA．．
A．creatively      
B．passively      
C．repeatedly       
D．carelessly
70．The author writes the passage mainly toB．
A．introduce classic works of literature
B．advocate teaching literature to touch the heart
C．argue for equality among high school students
D．defend the current testing system．

Answer 1

分析 这篇文章详细介绍了作者在平时教学生文学阅读过程中是如何触及学生心灵的．作者的教书经历让我们明白一个道理：教文学一定要触及心灵，不要只停留于文字表面．

解答 66．答案：D．细节理解题．该句运用了明喻和暗喻的写作手法，将书比作斧子，冰冻的大海意指读者封锁的情感．作者引用这句话旨在告诉学生：一本好书应有助于唤醒读者的情感．故选D．
67．答案：D．细节理解题．根据第三段第一、二句"But they understood．When George shoots Lennie，the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen．"可知，学生之所以能够读得懂，是因为他们有过相似的生活经历．故选D．
68．答案：．C细节理解题．根据第四段第三句"The daughter of immigrants，with a father in prison，she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates．"可知，那个女孩离开学校可能是因为她不能融入到她的班级中去．故选C．
69．答案：A．推理判断题．根据第五段第四句"I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth，nor had I heard Lady Macbeth's soliloquies read as raps，but both made sense； the interpretations were playful，but serious．"可推断出，作者对学生们阅读小说的创造力感到惊讶，字里行间流露出自豪之情．故选A （creatively创造性地）．B．passively"被动地"；C．repeatedly"重复地"；D．carelessly"粗心地"．
70．答案：B．写作意图题．通读全文可知，作者讲述了在自己教学生涯中，教授学生文学阅读时的感受．同时指出，通过文学阅读，可以美化心灵．

点评 本题型考查了学生对文章段落或某一板块的理解概括能力．做此类题时要先阅读问题，然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读．在词义与句义理解的基础上，结合上下文总结归纳某一段或几段的大意，对于把握文章主旨，分析全文结构都是至关重要的．