Question

【题目】 China’s war on garbage is as digital as the country itself. Think QR codes attached to trash bags that allow the government to trace exactly where its trash comes from.

On July 1, Shanghai began a compulsory garbage sorting program. Households and companies must classify their wastes into four categories and dump them in appointed places at certain times. The strict program became a headache for some residents. Not even the most environmentally conscious person can get all the answers right. Like, which bin does the newspaper you just used to pick up dog poop (粪便)belong to?

Gratefully, China’s tech startups are here to help. For instance, China’s biggest internet companies responded with new search features that help people identify what wastes are “wet”, “dry”, “toxic”, or “recyclable”. Simply pull up a mini app on WeChat, Baidu or Alipay and enter the keyword. The tech firms will give you the answer and why.

Alipay, Alibaba’s electronics payment company, claims its garbage sorting mini app added one million users under just three days. The mini app has so far indexed (编索引) more than 4,000 types of rubbish. Its database is still growing, and soon it will save people from typing by using image recognition to classify trash when they snap a photo of it. If people are too busy or lazy to hit the collection schedule, well, startups are offering trash service at the doorstep. A third-party developer helped Alipay build a recycling mini app and is now collecting garbage from 8,000 apartment complexes across 11 cities. To date, two million people have sold recyclable materials through its platform.

Besides helping households out, companies are also building software to make property managers, life easier. Some residential complexes in Shanghai began using QR codes to trace the origin of garbage. This way, regulators in the region know exactly which family has produced the trash and fine violators.

【1】What are some residents confused about?

A.Environmental knowledge.B.Bin for dog poop.

C.Some waste classification.D.Time for dumping.

【2】What is the advantage of trash service at the doorstep?

A.It provides time flexibility.B.It reduces household waste.

C.It saves people from typing.D.It classifies rubbish properly.

【3】Who will probably most welcome the use of QR codes?

A.Third-party developers.B.Company managers.

C.Community administrators.D.Rubbish collectors.

【4】What is the main idea of this article?

A.People need recycling apps badly.

B.People should classify their rubbish.

C.How regulators benefit from the tech.

D.How China uses tech to sort waste.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了中国如何利用数字技术进行垃圾分类。

【1】细节理解题。根据第二段的The strict program became a headache for some residents. Not even the most environmentally conscious person can get all the answers right.可知，对一些居民来说，严格的垃圾分类计划变得令人头痛。 即使是最环保的人也不能得到正确的答案。由此可知，一些居民对垃圾分类是很困惑的。故选C。

【2】细节理解题。根据第四段的If people are too busy or lazy to hit the collection schedule, well, startups are offering trash service at the doorstep.可知，如果人们太忙或太懒而赶不上收集垃圾的时间，那么，创业公司正在门口提供垃圾服务就再好不过了。由此可知，上门收垃圾的好处就是时间灵活。故选A。

【3】推理判断题。根据最后一段的Some residential complexes in Shanghai began using QR codes to trace the origin of garbage. This way, regulators in the region know exactly which family has produced the trash and fine violators. 可知，上海的一些住宅区开始使用二维码来追踪垃圾的来源。这样，该地区的监管机构就能确切地知道哪个家庭生产了垃圾和对违规者进行罚款。由此推知，社区管理员会最欢迎使用二维码，以监管到位。故选C。

【4】主旨大意题。根据第一段的China’s war on garbage is as digital as the country itself. Think QR codes attached to trash bags that allow the government to trace exactly where its trash comes from.可知，中国的垃圾大战是数字化的，就像这个国家本身一样。想想垃圾袋上的二维码，它能让政府精确追踪垃圾的来源。由此可知，本文主要介绍了中国如何利用数字技术进行垃圾分类的。故选D。

细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子（即定位），然后进行比较和分析（尤其要注意一些同义转换），从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子（有时可能是几个句子）或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。例如第2题，本题运用定位法：先根据题干中的at the doorstep，定位到第四段的If people are too busy or lazy to hit the collection schedule, well, startups are offering trash service at the doorstep.再根据本句意思：“如果人们太忙或太懒而赶不上收集垃圾的时间表，那么，创业公司正在门口提供垃圾服务就再好不过了。”可以进一步理解people are too busy or lazy to hit the collection schedule, well就是指人们扔垃圾的时间上和回收垃圾的时间对不上，那么创业公司正能在门口提供回收垃圾服务就显示出上门收垃圾的好处是时间灵活。