Question

【题目】In the story of “The crow and the Pitcher” from Aesop’s Fables, a thirsty crow(乌鸦) drops stones into a narrow jar to raise the low level of water inside so he can take a drink.

Now scientists have evidence to back up that story. New Caledonian crows actually do understand how to make water displacement work to their advantage, experiments showed. The results suggest that the birds are, at least in some aspects, as smart as first-graders, according to the study.

Researchers, led by Sarah Jelbert at the university of Auckland in New Zealand, presented six crows with tubes filled with water. Inside the tubes, a worm or piece of meat on a piece of wood was floating, just out of reach of the crow. In front of the tubes, the researchers arranged a bunch of heavy rubber erasers that would sink, and light plastic objects that would float. The crows found out that they could drop the heavy objects into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack.

However, the birds handled awkwardly in experiments in which they could choose to drop objects in either a wide tube or a narrow tube to get a snack, the researchers said. Dropping objects into narrow tube would lift the water level by a greater amount and put the treat within reach after just two drops. In contrast, it took around seven drops to raise the snack to the same level in the wide tube. The crows obviously didn’t realize this, and most of them went for the wide tube first.

Previous studies showed that chimps and human children can solve similar tasks. In a 2011 study, chimps and kids found out that they could put water into a tube to reach a peanut that was floating in small amount of water at the bottom.

【1】What does the text focus on?

A. Aesop’s prediction B. Crow’s intelligence

C. The development of crows D. Human-animal communication

【2】How did the crows get the worm in a tube in Sarah’ experiment?

A. By dropping in the heavy erasers. B. By removing the plastic objects.

C. By standing on the wood. D. By breaking the tube.

【3】What does the underlined part “the treat” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. The tube. B. The object.

C. The snack D. The water.

【4】What did the experiment with wide and narrow tubes show?

A. Crows are sensitive to surroundings.

B. Crows have the ability to recognize shapes.

C. Crows are cleverer than chimps and children.

D. Crows understand water displacement incompletely.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】“乌鸦和投手”的故事来自伊索寓言。一只口渴的乌鸦(乌鸦)滴石头进入了一个狭窄的jar提高低水平的水里面,所以他可以喝。现在科学家有证据支持这个说法。

【1】B

推理判断题。根据第二段中New Caledonian crows actually do understand how to make water displacement work to their advantage, experiments showed. The results suggest that the birds are, at least in some aspects, as smart as first-graders, according to the study.可知，这篇课文讲的是Crow的智力。故选B。

【2】A

细节理解题。根据第三段中The crows found out that they could drop the heavy objects into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack.可知，在Sarah的实验中乌鸦通过落下沉重的橡皮擦进入管子里来得到虫子。根据句意可知答案为A。

【3】C

词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句the birds handled awkwardly in experiments in which they could choose to drop objects in either a wide tube or a narrow tube to get a snack, the researchers said. 研究人员说，这些鸟在实验中笨拙地进行了实验，在实验中，它们可以选择将物体放入宽管或窄管中，以获得零食。可知，Dropping objects into narrow tube would lift the water level by a greater amount and put the treat within reach after just two drops. （将物体放入狭窄的管道中，将会使水位上升更多，并在两滴之后将其置于可及的范围内。）中的the treat指的是The snack。

【4】D

推理判断题。根据第四段中Dropping objects into narrow tube would lift the water level by a greater amount and put the treat within reach after just two drops. In contrast, it took around seven drops to raise the snack to the same level in the wide tube. The crows obviously didn’t realize this, and most of them went for the wide tube first.可知，乌鸦不完全理解水的位移。由此可知答案为D。

任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整整篇文章有关。利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，这也是近年来高考考查的热点。最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义，抓住所需推断词汇前后的含义找出正确答案。本题第3小题是词义猜测题，根据第四段第一句the birds handled awkwardly in experiments in which they could choose to drop objects in either a wide tube or a narrow tube to get a snack, the researchers said. 研究人员说，这些鸟在实验中笨拙地进行了实验，在实验中，它们可以选择将物体放入宽管或窄管中，以获得零食。可知，Dropping objects into narrow tube would lift the water level by a greater amount and put the treat within reach after just two drops. （将物体放入狭窄的管道中，将会使水位上升更多，并在两滴之后将其置于可及的范围内。）中的the treat指的是The snack。