Question

【题目】 In 1500, the world’s population was about 435 million. Today，it is 5. 5 billion, with more than a million children being born every day. The rapid growth in population since 1800 is largely due to improvements in food production and medical knowledge. In many parts of the world, rapid population growth causes serious problems, such as food shortages and overcrowding in cities.

URBAN POPULATION In 1900，only 10 percent of the world’s population lived in cities. Today, that figure is about 50 percent. The table below lists the world's most populous cities. CITY POPULATION Tokyo 27,245,000 Sao Paulo 19,235,000 New York 16,158,000 Mexico City 15,276,000 Bombay 13,322,000 Shanghai 12,670,000 Los Angles 11,853,000	ADULT LITERACY Adult literacy rates show the number of people over the age of 15 who can read and write. The table below lists the average literacy rates for a variety of countries. COUNTRY PERCENTAGE OF POPLLA1ION United States of America 99 United Kingdom 99 Brazil 82 China 80 Kuwait 74 Afghanistan 32 Somalia 24 Niger 14
LIFE EXPECTANCY Life expectancy is the average length of time a person is likely to live. People in wealthier countries generally have higher life expectancies than people in poorer countries. LIFE (MALE) LIFE (FEMALE) EXPECTANCY EXPECTANCY COUNTRY AGE COUNTRY AGE Japan 76.8 Japan 82.9 Iceland 76.3 Iceland 81.9 Sweden 76.1 Sweden 81.7 Greece 75.5 Greece 76.8
	TOP TEN LANGUAGES LANGUAGE NUMBER OF SPEAKERS Chinese (Mainland) 885 English 322 Spanish 266 Bengali 189 Hindi 182 Portuguese 170 Russian 170 Japanese 125 German 98 Chinese (Wu) 77

(注:以上表格中的数字近年来已有改动。2015年上海人口已排名世界第三位。)

【1】According to the information, which problem is associated with rapid population growth?

A.Excess food being wasted.B.Too many people living in the city.

C.Experimentation with food production.D.More people practicing medicine.

【2】According to the information about “urban population,” which of the following statements is true?

A.In 1900, about 10 percent of the world population lived in cities.

B.Los Angles and Shanghai have the same population.

C.The population of Bombay is greater than that of New York.

D.The third most populated city is Tokyo.

【3】The overall purpose of this information is to ____.

A.show how the standard of living in poor countries has recently improved

B.describe how poor countries with large populations feed their people

C.report on worldwide trends in population and living standards

D.question the reason for high life expectancy in wealthy countries

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】C

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。说明在世界上许多地方随着人口的迅速增长造成了许多严重的问题，例如粮食短缺和城市人口过多。

【1】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句In many parts of the world, rapid population growth causes serious problems, such as food shortages and overcrowding in cities.可知，人口的迅速增长造成了许多严重的问题，例如粮食短缺和城市人口过多，故选B。

【2】推理判断题。根据urban population中的数据可知，Los Angles人口比Shanghai少，Bombay人口比New York少，New York 人口是16,158,000排在第第三。故选A。

【3】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句以及四个表格标题ADULT LITERACY，URBAN POPULATION，LIFE EXPECTANCY和TOP TEN LANGUAGES，可知是人口增长后对社会人文各个方面的影响，故选C答案。