【题目】听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
【1】Why does the speaker mention the percentage of the grade?
A.To stress the second paper’s importance.
B.To attract attention to his lecture.
C.To explain the course outline.
【2】How many words should the second paper have?
A.About 1,500.B.About 2,500.C.About 4,000.
【3】What advice does the speaker give to the listeners?
A.Write about ancient civilizations.
B.Broaden the areas of the paper’s theme.
C.Focus on the status and role of the women.
【4】What should the listeners do next?
A.Listen to a lecture.
B.Ask the speaker questions.
C.Decide on their paper’s topic.
【答案】
【1】A
【2】C
【3】B
【4】A
【解析】
【原文】
M: Good afternoon everyone. Before we start today’s lecture, I’d like to talk to you about your second paper because as you know if you’ve read the course outline, it’s worth 60% of your grade. Yes, 60%, so it’s obviously quite important and you should start thinking about it now. I know that on the course outline it says that both the first and second papers are 2,500 words long. That was true for the first paper but this one should be about 1,500 words longer. As far as the due date goes, the deadline is in six weeks, at the end of May. Throughout the term we’ve discussed several ancient civilizations but the theme of your second paper is women in ancient Rome. There are several areas you can focus on for your paper. Some of you have expressed an interest in writing about the status and role of these women but I want you to focus more. For example, you could look at their education and how this affected their role in society. Or you could consider their achievements in literature at that time. There are many possibilities, so I want you to start deciding on your topic and have it approved by either myself or one of the teachers by next Friday. If you have any questions, see me after class. Alright, let’s get back to our lesson.
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【题目】 Press your fingers into the back of your head, just above your neck. If you feel a small bony bump (突起), you will find evidence of human evolution: it could be your body responding to common smartphone use in the 21st century.
According to a recent study, published in Scientific Reports, young people increasingly have bony bumps at the base of their skulls (颅骨) right above the neck. Medical professionals call them enlarged external occipital protuberances(EEOPs, 枕外隆突).
Australian health scientist David Shahar, author of the study told the BBC that over the past 10 years, he’s seen more and more patients with EEOPs. Together with other researchers from the University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia, they examined 1200 skulls x-rays from people aged 18 to 30. They also measured the bumps and noted each person’s posture (坐姿).
They found that one in four people have developed these growths. This led to their theory that smartphones are the cause.
According to their research, looking down at their phones adds the stress onto the top of our spines (脊柱). To prevent damage to our spines, Shahar believes our bodies add fresh bony bumps to help reduce the extra stress.
Most of the EEOPs measurea just a few millimeters. However, several subjects were found with EEOPs as large as 30 mm.
In his report, Shahar said the results “highlighted the need” for prevention. In other words, we need to change our posture while using our phones.
Many people assume our bones are solid and are unmoving once we reach adulthood. In reality, they are alive and covered with blood vessels (血管), which allows them to develop in unique ways for each person.
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C.EEPOs are actually beneficial to our spines.
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A.To persuade readers to protect their spines.
B.To recommend some healthy habits of using phones.
C.To show some recent changes in human bodies.
D.To explain why human bodies develop EEPOs.
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