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【题目】Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A drop in the sun’s radiation can cause cold winters in parts of North America and Europe, scientists say, a finding that could improve long-range forecasts and help countries 1 for storms.

Scientists have known for a long time that the sun has an 11-year cycle during which radiation from the sun reaches a(n) 2 then falls. But detecting a clear link of the cycle to the weather has proved much 3.

“Our research notices a link between solar activities and regional winter climate,” lead author Sarah Ineson of the UK Met Office told the reporters in an email.

Her team focused on the data from the recent minimum solar radiation period during 2008-10, which was a(n) 4 calm period for the sun but at the same time, 5 winters in the U.S and Europe were recorded which brought troubles to many businesses and made people’s lives difficult.

The researchers found that a reduction in radiation from the sun can affect wind patterns, 6 cold winters.

“While radiation levels won’t tell us what the day-to-day weather will be, they provide the exciting 7 of improved prediction for winter conditions for months and even years ahead. These predictions play an important role in long-term weather planning,” Ineson said.

Ineson’s team used the data in a complex computer to 8 long-term weather patterns. It successfully reproduced what scientists had observed happening in the upper atmosphere during changes in solar radiation. More study was needed, though. The key 9 in the experiment lay in the satellite data used, because it spans (跨度) only a few years.” So there are still questions concerning whether the current research results are accurate and whether they can be 10 to other solar cycles,” she said.

【答案】

1J

2A

3H

4G

5C

6D

7B

8K

9F

10I

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。科学家们发现,太阳辐射的降低会导致北美和欧洲寒冷的冬天,这个发现能帮助预测长远的天气以及帮助国家提前预防暴风雨。文章还详细论述了科学家们研究使用的数据、方法以及研究的缺陷。

1考查不定式做宾补。句意:这项发现能改善长期的天气预测并帮助国家为暴风雨做好准备。“帮……做某事”可翻译为“help sb. do sth.”,应使用不带to的不定式做宾补。“prepare for…”译为“为……做好准备”。故选J

2考查名词。句意:长久以来,科学家们已经知道,太阳有一个11年的周期,在这个周期内太阳辐射达到顶峰再降低。空格前为不定冠词,空格后没有名词,故空格处应填入名词。由“then falls”可知,空格处应该填入“最高点”。“peak”意为“最高点;顶点”,符合句意。故选A

3考查形容词。句意:发现这个周期与天气之间的明显的关系是比较复杂的。这句话与上句中“have known for a long time”形成对比关系,体现虽然早就知道了太阳周期,但是它与天气之间的关系是非常复杂的。“complicated”意为“难懂的,复杂的”,符合句意。故选H

4考查副词。句意:她的团队集中关注了最近的2008年至2010年之间太阳辐射量最少的这段时期,这段时期内太阳异常的平静但是同时,美国和欧洲严寒的冬季给商业和人们的生活带来很大的麻烦和困难。空格处单词修饰形容词calm,应用副词形式。选项中只有unusually(不寻常的)是副词,且符合句意。故选G

5考查形容词。句意同上。空格后为名词的复数形式,所以空格处填形容词。“intense winter”意为“严寒的冬季”,符合句意。故选C

6考查分词作状语。句意:研究者发现太阳辐射的降低能影响风的模式,预示着寒冷的冬天。句子谓语动词为can affect,所以空格处应填非谓语动词形式,表达自然而然的结果,所以用现在分词表达自然而然的结果。“indicating”意为“表明,暗示”,符合句意。故选D

7考查名词。句意:尽管辐射水平不能告诉我们每天的天气状况,但是它们能很好地预测几个月或几年内的冬天的天气状况。空格位于定冠词后,介词前,所以应用名词形式。“prospect”意为“前途,预期”,符合句意。故选B

8考查动词。句意:伊尼森的团队在电脑中使用这些数据模仿了长时期内天气类型。空格位于不定式to后,应用动词原形。“modle”意为“模仿、模拟”,符合句意。故选K

9考查名词。句意:试验最大的不确定性在于使用的卫星数据,因为这些数据只是几年的跨度。空格位于定冠词后,实义动词前,应用名词形式。“uncertainty”意为“不确定的事物;不确定度”,符合句意。故选F

10考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意:关于目前的研究数据是否准确以及它们是否能够被运用于其它太阳周期内还有很多问题。“and”后是一个被动语态的句子,“apply to”意为“适用于”符合句意。故选I

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