Question

【题目】 The United States Capitol Dome in Washington, D.C., is recognized around the world as a symbol of the U.S. government. Since last November, the dome has been surrounded by metal poles, or scaffolding(脚手架), and heavy cloth as part of a repair project.

The last major repair work on the U.S. Capitol took place in 1960. Since then, the dome has become weathered and worn. The Architect of the Capitol group reports the dome has more than 1,000 narrow breaks in its surface and other damage.

The dome was completed around 1863. U.S. Senate Historian Don Ritchie says the dome’s cast iron frame(铸铁钢架) is at special risk of weathering. “The capitol dome, being cast iron, has been hit by lightning countless times. And so the present construction(=building) is to repair the leaks, to fill in the cracks, to take off unnecessary layers of paint.”

Workers are removing old paint. They covered a large part of the building in plastic and a special cloth to protect workers from the wind and other elements. Much of the work is done at night, when lawmakers are not in the building.

Some recent visitors to the Capitol were unhappy about its present appearance. They had hoped to get a picture of the usually shining dome. Joyce said, “It was dramatic, and very fantastic, and all white, but when I come here today, it is under construction so my family cannot see it clearly. It is kind of a disappointment.”

Others were more understanding of the repairs. Rick Jones, another visitor, said, “It’s a little inconvenient for us not to see the dome but you have to think about the future and the people will be coming to this place for centuries...and you know, there just needs to be preventive maintenance(保养). I am not upset with that at all.”

The project is expected to take more than two years to complete. The dome should be ready for the inauguration of a new president in January 2017.

【1】We can learn from the passage that the United States Capitol Dome is ______.

A.worn by exposure to the weather

B.surrounded by many repair projects

C.well kept and in excellent condition

D.regarded as a symbol of the U.K. government

【2】According to Don Ritchie, the present repair work involves ______.

a. stopping the leaks

b. changing the frame

c. removing the old paints

d. replacing the lights e. filling the narrow breaks

A.abcB.bcd

C.bdeD.ace

【3】Which of the following can describe the recent visitors to the Capitol Dome?

A.They could get a clear look at the dome.

B.They were impressed by the white dome’s fantastic beauty.

C.They held different views on the Capitol’s current appearance.

D.They were all disappointed at the sight of the Capitol building.

【4】The underlined word “inauguration” in the last paragraph most probably means _____.

A.tourB.taking office

C.interviewD.taking photos

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】C

【4】B

【解析】

本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了美国国会大厦的圆屋顶因为风化而产生裂缝，目前正在进行的修复工程，而来此地参观的游客对此表达的不同态度。

【1】细节理解题。根据第二段中Since then, the dome has become weathered and worn. The Architect of the Capitol group reports the dome has more than 1,000 narrow breaks on its surface and other damage.可知从那以后，圆顶就风化了。国会大厦集团的建筑师报告说，圆顶表面有1000多个狭窄的裂缝和其他损坏。由此可知，美国国会大厦因日晒雨淋饱经风霜受损严重。故选A。

【2】细节理解题。根据第三段中And so the present construction(=building) is to repair the leaks, to fill in the cracks, to take off unnecessary layers of paint.可知所以现在的建筑是修补漏洞，填补裂缝，去掉不必要的油漆层。由此可知，根据Don Ritchie的说法，目前的修复工作包括修补漏洞、清除旧油漆和填补裂缝。故选D。

【3】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中Some recent visitors to the Capitol were unhappy about its present appearance.可知最近到国会大厦参观的一些人对它现在的样子不满意。以及倒数第三段中Others were more understanding of the repairs.可知其他人则更理解维修情况。由此可推知，最近参观国会大厦圆顶的游客对国会大厦目前的外观有不同的看法。故选C。

【4】词义猜测题。根据文章可知该建筑是government building, 结合后文a new president in January 2017可推知穹顶应为2017年1月新总统就职做好准备。故划线单词意思是新总统“就职”。故选B。

词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为

① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to,be called或that's to say,such as等。

② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。

③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。

④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。

⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。

如第四小题，根据文章可知该建筑是government building, 结合后文a new president in January 2017可推知穹顶应为2017年1月新总统就职做好准备。故划线单词意思是新总统“就职”。故选B。